RU2219252C2 - Method of manufacturing article from ferrite-class damping alloy and article manufactured by this method - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: metallurgy. SUBSTANCE: invention provides method of manufacturing articles for vibration-loaded parts, for example for automobile transport, comprising plastic deformation of ferriteclass damping alloy on heating to form blanc followed by mechanical and heat treatment of the blanc. Iron-based alloy contains, no more than wt %: at least one element selected from Cr, Mo, and W, 25; at least one element selected from Al, V, Nb, Ti, and Si, 10; at least one element selected from Ni and Mn, 5.0; at least one element selected from Ce, Y, and Mg, 0.20; inclusion elements: C, N, and O in sum, 0.20; total amount of alloying elements being at least 10%. When an article is manufactured, internal friction of damping alloy is purposefully modified. Hot plastic deformation is effected so that damping factor no higher than 7 is ensured and heat treatment is effected to ensure peak value of damping factor of alloy above 3. Damping capacity of claimed alloy is thereby ensured as follows from expression: Q^-110³≥10-25, whereas relative elongation δ%≥15-20, and temporary rupture resistance σ_t(MPa)≥ 250-350. EFFECT: improved workability of alloy. 4 cl, 2 dwg, 2 ex

Description

 The invention relates to the field of metallurgy and mechanical engineering, namely to the production of billets and products, including precision, from damping alloys of the ferritic class, mainly based on iron, intended for vibroactive parts, which have different requirements for the combination of vibro-acoustic and mechanical characteristics, including shock viscosity and fatigue limit.

 In this application, “precision” means such products that, along with high geometry accuracy, have a uniform chemical composition, a small amount of impurities and a small variation in the concentration of alloying elements in the volume, a homogeneous macro- and microstructure, and uniformly distributed internal stresses to achieve a high level and controllability the main functional property is damping ability.

 Alloys of the ferrite class or “ferromagnets” are understood to mean metals (Fe, Ni, Co, etc.) and alloys based on them with spontaneous magnetization, having a domain structure, the ability to change shape and size under the influence of a magnetic field (magnetostriction), as well as and vice versa, by a change in the magnetization of a ferromagnetic body during its deformation (magnetoelastic effect).

 However, the use of ferromagnets based on Ni, Co, and other elements as damping alloys, as a rule, is not economically feasible unless another functional property is used. Iron-based alloys are much cheaper and do not have severely deficient components or their content is much lower than that of other ferromagnets.

 The need to find new solutions in this technical field has become especially acute due to the sharp tightening of standards for permissible levels of vibroacoustic pollution. This primarily concerns vehicles, including automobiles, where vibration and noise are generated by many sources (engine, exhaust and brake systems, transmission, etc.).

 Design and technological options for dealing with vibration and noise are almost exhausted. The most promising method seems to be the widespread use for this purpose of structural materials of a new type, in particular, high damping alloys and the corresponding technologies for their preparation and processing.

 However, the desired result, especially in the case of cyclically heavily loaded parts operated in climatic and aggressive conditions, is often not achieved, because however, the required combination of increased values of viscosity, fatigue, corrosion resistance and damping ability of the vibration-absorbing alloy is not provided.

There are various methods of manufacturing parts from damping alloys, including the shaping of the workpiece by plastic processing and subsequent heat treatment of the product. For example, in accordance with the method described in a. from. The USSR 1161573 from iron-chromium alloys, in particular from alloys: 01Х5Ю2, 01Х10Ю2, 01Х16Ю2, 01Х25Ю2, form the parts, and then carry out the following operations:
- heating to 950-1600 ^o C and exposure at this temperature;
- cooling to room temperature at a speed of more than 1 ^o C / s (> 3600 ^o C / h);
- reheating to 950-1600 ^o C;
- cooling parts with a furnace to 600-800 ^o C;
- isothermal exposure for 30-50 minutes;
- air cooling.

 The indicated heat treatment modes make it possible to obtain a final product with a reduced level of sound emission during operation under shock loading conditions. However, this method, including due to the high cooling rate, accompanied by warping, it does not provide the manufacture of high-precision parts with a predetermined level of a set of properties, especially required for products with long-term operation under alternating loading.

RF patent 2158318 protects a technology using an alloy of high damping based on iron with a regulated level of damping and mechanical properties, and an article made of it. The alloy according to the invention has the following composition, wt.%:
Carbon - 0.010-0.035
Aluminum - 4.0-8.0
Manganese - 0.25-0.95
Titanium - 0.01-0.55
Niobium - 0.01-0.15
Copper - 0.01-0.20
Iron - Else
Total carbon and copper content:
Σ (5C + 1.5Cu) = 0.06-0.45%,
and Al - Σ (Mo + Ti + Cu) = 3.5-6.5%
Products with high damping properties are made of cold-rolled sheet obtained according to the following technological scheme: forging on a flap - hot rolling on sheets with a thickness of 6.0 and 3.0 mm - heat treatment - etching - cold rolling to the required thickness. The molded product is subjected to heat treatment in vacuum with exposure at a temperature in the range of 820-1050 ^o C and subsequent slow cooling.

The product made according to the known invention has the following properties:
Logarithmic decrement of oscillations δ,% - 15-30
Conventional yield strength σ _0.2 , MPa - 340-430
Tensile strength σ _in , MPa - 480-600
Relative elongation δ,% - 15-25
Additional difficulties in industrial conditions, along with reproducing the ratio of components, cause a high level of damping ability of the alloy during its machining (cutting), because in this case, a large expenditure of energy is required to overcome the high internal friction of the alloy in this state.

 As a result, it is impossible to obtain exact details according to the technology described in patent 2158318, and the absence of chromium and (or) nickel in the alloy significantly reduces its applicability without the use of special corrosion protection agents.

According to the decision of US Pat. No. 4,244,754, an alloy containing 0.1-10.0 wt.% Of at least one element from the group consisting of W, Si, Ti, the rest Fe and target additives in an amount of 0.01-45 , 00 wt. % in the form of at least one element from the group: Cr, Al, Sb, Nb, V, Ta, Sn, Zn, Zr, Cd, Gd, Ga, P, Au, Ag, Ge, Sm, Se, Ce, La , Bi, Pt, Pd, Be, Mg, Re, Rh, Y, Pb, As, B, Eu and S. A method of manufacturing products from the specified alloy includes the following steps:
- forming the workpiece by hot plastic deformation;
- machining the workpiece to obtain the product of a given geometry;
- heating the product to a temperature above 800 ^o C, but not more than the melting temperature, over a period of 1 minute - 100 hours;
- cooling the product at a speed selected from the interval 1 ^o C / s - 1 ^o C / h.

 The finished product has a high damping ability. However, in practice, if additional cold working is necessary, for example, in the manufacture of precision products, especially thin-walled ones, the damping ability is sharply reduced due to hardening.

 A significant common drawback of these methods is to obtain low values of impact strength and low-cycle fatigue of the material, as well as a complex multi-operational technology for the preparation and processing of the alloy in the manufacture of the product with high damping ability.

 These shortcomings are partially overcome by the solution, which is the closest in technical essence to the claimed one, described in RF Patent 1646297.

The known solution includes hot plastic processing of iron-based damping alloys of the ferrite class at a temperature of 10-250 ^o With higher than the Curie temperature (T _s ), with a compression ratio of 25-95% for forming the workpiece, machining for the given dimensions and heat treatment of the obtained products at the same temperature (10-250 ^o C higher than the Curie temperature) with cooling at a speed of 10-100 ^o C / h to the Curie temperature, and then cooled at a speed exceeding 100 ^o C / h For the manufacture of products in the known method using alloys of the type Fe-Cr (15%) - Al (1%). When implementing the method, it is possible to use an alloy of the same class protected by RF Patent 1513939, having the following composition, wt.%:
Carbon - 0.005-0.015
Chrome - 14.0-17.0
Aluminum - 0.5-2.5
Nickel - 0.2-1.5
Molybdenum - 0.5-2.0
Vanadium - 0.08-0.50
Niobium - 0.08-0.15
Cerium - 0.005-0.060
Yttrium - 0.01-0.03
Iron - Else
With a total content of aluminum, molybdenum, vanadium, niobium 1.5-3.5; the ratio of Al: (Mo + 1.3V + l, 6Nb) ≤2, the total content of interstitial elements is carbon, oxygen, nitrogen ≤0.02 and the carbon content is 0.005-0.015, nitrogen is 0.001-0.005, oxygen is 0.001-0.006.

When using the known method, it is often possible to provide an increase in low-cycle fatigue and toughness while maintaining high damping ability. However, within the limits stated in the known patents of the limitations, it is not possible to avoid a large variation in the value of the properties, for example, tensile strength σ _in = 400 ÷ 550 MPa, elongation δ = 15-35%; impact strength KCU • 10 ² = 1.5-23.7 kJ / m ² ; attenuation coefficient Q ^-1 • 10 ³ = 14-50. The attenuation coefficient or reverse quality factor is taken by the authors as a measure of damping ability. A similar pattern is observed with technological properties. So the ability to cut, depending on the previous processing, can be at the level of both ordinary structural and difficult to process material. In the latter case, the manufacture of a thin-walled part and a precision product is practically impossible or is associated with extreme processing difficulties, which can be overcome only by expensive special methods, such as electrochemical, electroerosive, etc. processing.

If it is necessary to regulate the values of the set of properties in relation to the requirements for specific products, even more serious problems of the technological order arise, which leads to a difficult search for optimized processing conditions, and sometimes the composition of the alloy. This is especially important for complex and expensive precision instruments (optoelectronic, electrical, etc.), control systems, new generation guidance tools operating in vibration conditions. Here, of paramount importance with a satisfactory combination of mechanical properties is to ensure the highest level of damping ability. When assessed by the peak attenuation coefficient Q _p ^-1 • 10 ³ , its value should be at least 20. The authors believe that at present this characteristic most objectively reflects the essence of the proposed technical solution. In the case of intense multi-cycle loading, incl. long alternating and shock, it is required, on the contrary, the highest level of mechanical properties with satisfactory damping ability. And sometimes it is desirable that the metal of the finished product has increased values of all the considered characteristics.

 The proposed technical solution allows you to implement any of the listed options for regulating properties both at the technological stage of production and at the operational stage during storage and operation of the product.

 The objective of the invention is the creation of a manufacturing technology of parts from a damping alloy of a ferrite class, providing an extension of the range of use of such products by varying the set of properties depending on the specified operating conditions, reducing labor costs and energy consumption in the manufacturing process and the spread of the properties of the material in the final product.

 The technical result is achieved due to the fact that in the method of manufacturing a product from a damping alloy of ferrite class containing alloying elements Cr, Mo, W, Al, Ni, V, Nb, Ti, Mn, Si, Ce, Y, Mg, including hot plastic deformation for the formation of the workpiece, subsequent mechanical and heat treatment to obtain the final product, during the manufacturing process of the product, the internal friction of the damping alloy is purposefully changed, the level of internal friction is judged by the damping ability, which is estimated by the value of the coefficient the attenuation factor, while hot plastic processing is carried out under conditions providing a peak value of the alloy attenuation coefficient in the workpiece of not more than 7, and heat treatment is carried out under conditions providing a peak value of the alloy attenuation coefficient in the final product of more than 3.

The final product is characterized by the composition of the damping alloy and the following properties:
Damping ability Q _p ^-1 • 10 ³ - ≥10
Elongation δ,% - ≥15
Tensile strength σ _in , MPa - ≥250
When using, in particular, an alloy of ferritic class based on iron composition, wt.%:
Chrome - 13-25
Aluminum - 0.5-4.0
Molybdenum - Not more than 5.0
Nickel - No more than 2.5
Vanadium - Not more than 2.0
Niobium - Not more than 1.0
Cerium - Not more than 0.1
Yttrium - Not more than 0.05
Carbon - Not more than 0,025
Nitrogen - Not more than 0.010
Oxygen - Not more than 0.010
Iron - Else
and the total amount of C + N + O≤0.03 wt.% hot plastic processing is carried out with a compression ratio of at least 20% with heating to a temperature exceeding the Curie temperature T _c not less than 100 ^o C, and the end of deformation at a temperature not more than 100 ^o С higher than the Curie temperature, and heat treatment is carried out with heating to a temperature exceeding the Curie temperature by no more than 550 ^o С, and then cooling first at a speed of not more than 150 ^o С / h to a temperature exceeding the Curie temperature not more than 50 ^o C, then at a rate exceeds an 150 ^o C / hr, for not more than 2 hours, after which the speed is not controlled. The alloy of the hot-deformed billet before machining should have Q _p ^-1 • 10 ³ ≤7.

The final product in this case is characterized by the following features:
1) the manufacture of the alloy composition, wt.%:
Chrome - 13-25
Aluminum - 0.5-4.0
Molybdenum - Not more than 5.0
Nickel - No more than 2.5
Vanadium - Not more than 2.0
Niobium - Not more than 1.0
Cerium - Not more than 0.1
Yttrium - Not more than 0.05
Carbon - Not more than 0,025
Nitrogen - Not more than 0.010
Oxygen - Not more than 0.010
Iron - Else
when the content of C + O + N is not more than 0.03 wt.%,
2) the following properties:
Damping ability Q _p ^-1 • 10 ³ - ≥25
Elongation δ,% - ≥20
Tensile strength σ _in , MPa - ≥300
when using, in particular, an iron-based alloy composition, wt. %:
Chrome - 13-20
Aluminum - 0.5-3.0
Molybdenum - Not more than 5.0
Nickel - No more than 2.5
Manganese - Not more than 1.0
Vanadium - Not more than 2.0
Niobium - Not more than 1.0
Silicon - Not more than 1.0
Cerium - Not more than 0.1
Yttrium - Not more than 0.05
Carbon - Not more than 0,025
Nitrogen - Not more than 0.010
Oxygen - Not more than 0.010
Iron - Else
and the total amount of C + N + O is not more than 0.04,
hot plastic deformation is carried out with a compression ratio of not less than 30% with heating to a temperature exceeding the Curie temperature by no more than 300 ^° C and ending with deformation at a temperature of not more than 50 ^° C higher than the Curie temperature, and heat treatment is carried out with a temperature heating, exceeding the Curie temperature by no more than 200 ^o C, and subsequent cooling, first at a speed of not more than 100 ^o C / h to the Curie temperature, then at a speed exceeding 100 ^o C / h, for no more than 3 hours, after which speed is not controlled.

The final product in this case is characterized by:
1) the manufacture of the alloy composition, wt.%:
Chrome - 13-20
Aluminum - 0.5-3.0
Molybdenum - Not more than 3.0
Nickel - No more than 1.5
Manganese - Not more than 1.0
Vanadium - Not more than 1.0
Niobium - Not more than 1.0
Silicon - Not more than 1.0
Cerium - Not more than 0.1
Yttrium - Not more than 0.1
Carbon - Not more than 0,025
Nitrogen - Not more than 0.010
Oxygen - Not more than 0.010
Iron - Else
and the total content of C + N + O is not more than 0.04,
2) the following properties:
Damping ability Q _p ^-1 • 10 ³ - ≥15
Elongation δ,% - ≥20
Tensile strength σ _in , MPa - ≥350
Impact strength КСU • 10 ² , kJ / m ² - ≥5.0
To obtain a precision product, the final product obtained from a damping alloy of ferrite class containing alloying elements Cr, Mo, W, Al, Ni, V, Nb, Ti, Mn, Si, Ce, Y, Mg, by hot plastic processing to form a workpiece and heat treatment with a targeted change in the internal friction of the damping alloy, in which hot plastic processing is carried out under conditions providing a peak value of the attenuation coefficient of the alloy in the workpiece of not more than 7, and heat treatment is carried out under conditions both alloy ensures, peak value damping ratio in the product of more than 3, the final product is further subjected to finishing machining followed by heat treatment at a temperature exceeding by no more than 100 ^o C of the Curie temperature, whereupon the product is cooled.

Finishing is carried out, for example, by grinding, polishing with pre-grinding or other suitable methods. As a result of this treatment, a roughness R _{a of} not more than 2.5 μm is ensured.

 The proposed method of manufacturing the product provides such a sequence of operations and their modes in which both the technological and operational stages achieve the optimal result, taking into account the use of high damping alloy.

 The choice of the composition of the alloy, the preparation of the billet and the manufacture of the product is carried out on the basis of the need to ensure the technical requirements for a particular product in terms of geometric parameters, technological and operating characteristics. This is achieved due to a rational change in the structure and properties, primarily damping ability, as the alloy passes the technological cycle.

The authors of the present invention found that the value of the internal friction of the damping alloy, which should be different and purposefully opposed in a different way at different stages of the process, is essential for providing a product from a damping alloy with a given set of properties. In other words, if at the technological stage they provide the minimum attenuation coefficient Q ^-1 (inverse quality factor), which is a measure of damping ability and characterizes the level of internal friction, then in the finished product they tend to get the maximum possible damping ability for given values of mechanical properties.

According to the authors, it is most advisable to estimate the damping capacity by the peak value of the attenuation coefficient Q _p ^-1 • 10 ³ .

It should be noted that in the methods known from the prior art, the value of the damping ability of the metal and, accordingly, the peak value of the damping coefficient Q _p ^-1 • 10 ^{3 are} not taken into account at the technological stage and are not purposefully changed.

An alloy billet having a peak attenuation coefficient Q _p ^-1 • 10 ³ ≥7 is difficult to machine. At the same time, increased cutting forces and energy consumption are required, the surface of the parts is rougher, and the tool wear resistance is reduced compared to similar indicators of conventional materials of the same strength level. These complications are especially difficult to overcome in the case of manufacturing high-precision and thin-walled precision products. The essential significance of this condition for practice is confirmed by an illustration (see drawing), which shows 2 samples made of a ⌀16 mm bar of an iron-based damping alloy. One of the samples, which had Q _p ^-1 • 10 ³ = 20 at the technological stage, was bent during machining and was rejected in geometry. Another with Q _p ^-1 • 10 ³ ≈1 at the technological stage meets the specified requirements.

The noise immunity of a product operating under shock and cyclically loaded conditions will be insufficient at a value of Q _p ^-1 • 10 ³ ≤3 material. As a rule, vibration and noise levels here are higher than permissible.

 Providing a given value of the level of damping ability of the alloy in the workpiece is achieved by hot plastic deformation, and in the final product by heat treatment according to the stated modes.

 The alloying of the alloy used by most of the alloying elements under consideration is necessary in order to obtain the variety of properties required for various vibroactive products with different operating conditions. At the same time, metal additives (Cr, Mo, W, Al, Ni, V, Nb, Mn, Ti and Si) provide mainly strength characteristics, the values of which are higher, the higher the content of each element individually or their total content. The lower limit of additives is limited due to the need to achieve the required level of strength, and the upper limit is to prevent brittleness.

 This result can be achieved by various combinations of additives depending on the specific technological feasibility and organizational and economic considerations.

 Most alloying elements (Cr, Mo, W, A1, V, Nb, Ti, Si) play the role of a stabilizer of the α phase (ferrite), i.e. contribute to the production of an alloy of the ferritic class, and their content is determined by the need to ensure a given set of properties in relation to a specific task (product).

 If necessary, to have increased resistance to impact destruction, Ni and Mn are additionally introduced. They can lead to the creation of an austenitic phase, which is allowed up to 10 vol.%. Nickel also reduces the cold brittleness threshold. The upper level of doping with γ-stabilizers (Mn, Ni) is limited due to the fact that the alloy in the finished product has a predominantly α-phase structure with a small number of other phases in the form of inclusions (intermetallic compounds, carbides, oxides, etc.), i.e. . according to the classification, ferromagnets, in which the magnetomechanical damping mechanism is strongly manifested.

 The method is applicable for the manufacture of products from ferromagnets not only on the basis of iron, but also on the basis of cobalt, nickel and other elements.

 Carbide-forming and nitride-forming (Mo, W, V, Nb), along with oxide-forming (Al, Ti, Ce, Y, Mg) are introduced to bind interstitial elements (C, N, O), i.e. perform a refining role. In the ferrite purified from them, the mobility of the boundaries of domains, dislocations, and other structurally unstable formations improves, which facilitates the conditions for the manifestation of various damping mechanisms. In addition, this increases the ductility, toughness, fatigue of the alloy.

 Products made by the proposed method meet the specified requirements for geometry and properties.

Example 1. An alloy containing 18.0% chromium, 1.1% aluminum, 0.2% niobium, 0.08% cerium, 0.01% yttrium, 0.010% carbon, 0.005% nitrogen, 0.006% oxygen, the rest is iron and impurities smelted in a vacuum induction furnace. An ingot weighing 25 kg was first subjected to preliminary hot deformation at 1200 ^° C to obtain a slurry, and then at 1000 ^° C (Curie temperature T _s exceeded by ~ 300 ^° C) with a reduction ratio of 25-30% and the end of plastic processing at a temperature of ~ 750 ^o С (excess of Curie temperature by ~ 50 ^o С). The alloy in this state had Q _p ^-1 • 10 ³ = 2-3. After mechanical processing, product samples were heat-treated in vacuum with heating to 1200 ^o C (excess of the Curie temperature by ~ 500 ^o C) and subsequent cooling at a speed of 100 ^o C / h to a temperature of 725 ^o C (T _s +25 ^o C), then at a speed of 200 ^o C / h for 3 hours, then at an uncontrolled speed.

После вышеприведенной обработки предлагаемый сплав и изделия, выполненные из него, обладали следующим уровнем свойств:
Пиковый коэффициент затухания Q_p ^-1•10³ - 35-40
Относительное удлинение δ, % - 18-23
Временное сопротивление разрыву σ_в, МПа - 270-310
Пример 2. Сплав по составу и получению сутунки, как в примере 1, далее подвергли горячему деформированию при 850^oС (превышение Т_с на ~ 150^oС), обеспечив при этом у сплава Q_p ^-1•10³=0,5-0,8. После механической обработки образцы и модели термически обработали в вакууме с нагревом до 720-750^oС, выдержкой при этой температуре 1 ч и последующим охлаждением с выключенной вакуумной печью. Далее изделия были дополнительно механически обработаны (шлифованием) и повторно подвергнуты термообработке по режиму, указанному выше, а затем прошли испытания.The mechanical properties were determined according to the standard method on the samples of Gagarin (GOST 1497-84) and Menage (GOST 9454-78), and the damping coefficient Q ^-1 was determined by the method of freely damped torsional vibrations at the St. Petersburg State University installation. In this case, the resonance vibrations of the cylindrical sample were excited by the electromagnetic method. The damped mechanical vibrations were recorded by a mechatronic sensor. Two frequency meters and a special dividing bridge fixed the number of oscillations N with decreasing amplitude in the range from A ₁ to A ₂ and calculated the attenuation coefficient, including the peak attenuation coefficient, by the formula

After the above processing, the proposed alloy and products made from it, had the following level of properties:
Peak attenuation coefficient Q _p ^-1 • 10 ³ - 35-40
Relative elongation δ,% - 18-23
Tensile strength σ _in , MPa - 270-310
Example 2. The alloy according to the composition and preparation of the slider, as in example 1, was further subjected to hot deformation at 850 ^° C (exceeding T _s by ~ 150 ^° C), while ensuring that the alloy Q _p ^-1 • 10 ³ = 0.5 -0.8. After machining, the samples and models were heat-treated in vacuum with heating to 720-750 ^o C, holding at this temperature for 1 h and subsequent cooling with the vacuum oven turned off. Further, the products were additionally mechanically processed (by grinding) and re-subjected to heat treatment according to the regime indicated above, and then they were tested.

Alloy and products made from it according to the method described above had the following properties:
Attenuation coefficient Q _p ^-1 • 10 ³ - 15-20
Relative elongation δ,% - 35-40
Tensile strength σ _in , MPa - 400-450
Impact strength KCU • 10 ² , kJ / m ² -> 30,0
Roughness R _a , microns - 0.049-0.081
For nonferrous ferromagnets, the claimed process parameters (Q _p ^-1 • 10 ³ ≤7 at the technological stage and Q _p ^-1 • 10 ³ ≥3 in the final product) are also significant, in particular for Co-Ni-based alloys (22, 5 Ni; 1.8 Ti; 1.1 Zr; 0.4 Mn; 0.3 Fe; 0.2 Al; 0.2 Si; 0.02 C; Co - the rest or 35.0 Ni; 3.5 Ti; 1.5 Al; Co - the rest), Co-Fe (48.0 Fe; 1.5 V; Co - the rest) and Ni (2.0 Ti; Ni - the rest). The content of alloying elements in wt.%.

The use of products or individual actuators manufactured by the proposed method, compared with those manufactured by known technical solutions, allows you to:
- reduce the levels of vibration stress, overload and vibration acceleration, as well as sound pressure;
- increase vibration resistance, resource, vibrational reliability, acoustic perfection of the system when exposed to cyclic and shock loads;
- change the frequency of natural and resonant vibrations;
- to increase productivity and labor ecology by reducing the level of noise pollution, improving workability and manufacturability of the production cycle;
- implement original and simplified versions of design and technological solutions in a wide variety of modern facilities, especially precision, technology, including engines, devices, devices for various purposes, power and command systems, transport, etc .;
- reduce the dispersion of properties in the alloy of the final product;
- to ensure the stability of the structure and complex of properties during long-term operation of the product.

Claims (10)

1. A method of manufacturing a product from a damping alloy of ferrite class with alloying elements Cr, Mo, Al, Ni, V, Nb, Ce, Y, including plastic deformation with heating to form a workpiece, machining the workpiece and heat treatment at the stage of manufacturing the final product, characterized in that an alloy is used, additionally containing at least one of the elements included in the group W, Ti, Mn, Si and Mg, with the following ratio of components: not more than 25.0 wt.% at least one of the elements included in the group containing Cr, Mo, W, not more than 10 wt.% At least one of the elements included in the group comprising A1, V, Nb, Ti, Si, not more than 5.0 wt.% At least one of the elements included in the group containing Ni, Mn, not more than 0.20 wt.% at least one of the elements included in the group containing Ce, Y, Mg, the introduction elements - C, N, O in total no more than 0.05 wt. %, while the total content of alloying elements is not less than 10 wt.%, the rest is the basis, and in the process of manufacturing the product purposefully measure the internal friction of the damping alloy, the level of internal friction judged by the damping ability, which is estimated by the value of the attenuation coefficient, while plastic deformation with heating is carried out under conditions providing a peak value of the coefficient of attenuation of the alloy in the workpiece not more than 7, and heat treatment at the stage of manufacture of the final product is carried out under conditions providing a peak value of the coefficient alloy attenuation in the final product more than 3. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that they use an iron-based alloy of the following composition, wt.%: Chrome 13-25 Aluminum 0.5-4.0 Molybdenum Not more than 5.0 Nickel No more than 2.5 Vanadium Not more than 2.0 Niobium Not more than 1.0 Cerium Not more than 0.1 Yttrium Not more than 0.05 Carbon Not more than 0,025 Nitrogen Not more than 0.010 Oxygen Not more than 0.010 Iron Else and the total amount of C + N + O is not more than 0.03 wt.%, and plastic deformation with heating is carried out with a compression ratio of at least 20% with heating to a temperature exceeding the Curie temperature by at least 100 ° C and ending with deformation at a temperature not more than 100 ° C higher than the Curie temperature, and heat treatment at the stage of manufacturing the final product is carried out with heating to a temperature exceeding the Curie temperature by at least 550 ° C, and subsequent cooling at a speed of not more than 150 ° C / h to temperature above temperature Cure and not more than 50 ° C, then at a speed exceeding 150 ° C / h for no more than 2 hours, after which it is cooled at an uncontrolled speed. 3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that they use an iron-based alloy of the following composition, wt.%: Chrome 13-20 Aluminum 0.5-3.0 Molybdenum Not more than 3.0 Nickel Not more than 1.5 Manganese Not more than 1.0 Vanadium Not more than 1.0 Niobium Not more than 1.0 Silicon Not more than 1.0 Cerium Not more than 0.10 Yttrium Not more than 0.10 Carbon Not more than 0,025 Nitrogen Not more than 0.010 Oxygen Not more than 0.010 Iron Else and the total amount of C + N + O is not more than 0.4 wt.%, plastic deformation with heating is carried out with a compression ratio of at least 30%, heating to a temperature exceeding the Curie temperature by no more than 300 ° C, and the end of deformation at a temperature not more than 50 ° C higher than the Curie temperature, and heat treatment at the stage of manufacturing the final product is carried out with heating to a temperature higher than the Curie temperature by no more than 200 ° C, and then cooled first at a speed of no more than 100 ° C / h to Curie temperature, then at a speed exceeding 100 ° C / h for no more than 3 hours, after which it is cooled at an uncontrolled speed. 4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the final product is additionally subjected to mechanical finishing followed by heat treatment at a temperature exceeding the Curie temperature by no more than 100 ° C, after which the product is cooled. 5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that the finishing machining is carried out by grinding. 6. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that the finishing machining is carried out by polishing with preliminary grinding. 7. The product is made of a damping alloy of ferrite class containing alloying elements Cr, Mo, Al, Ni, V, Nb, Ce, Y, characterized in that it is made by the method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, and is characterized by the following properties : damping ability Q $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{-1}}{\text{p}}$ · 10 ³ ≥10, elongation δ ≥ 15%, tensile strength σ _in ≥ 250 MPa. 8. The product according to claim 7, characterized in that it is manufactured by the method according to claim 2 and is characterized by the following properties: damping ability Q $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{-1}}{\text{p}}$ · 10 ³ ≥ 25, elongation δ ≥ 20%, temporary tensile strength σ _in ≥ 300 MPa. 9. The product according to claim 7, characterized in that it is manufactured by the method according to claim 3 and is characterized by the following properties: damping ability Q $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{-1}}{\text{p}}$ · 10 ³ ≥ 15, elongation δ ≥ 20%, tensile strength σ _in ≥ 350 MPa, impact strength KCU · 10 ² ≥ 5.0 kJ / m ² . 10. The product according to claim 7, characterized in that it is manufactured by the method according to any one of claims 4 to 6 and is characterized by the following properties: damping ability Q $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{-1}}{\text{p}}$ · 10 ³ ≥ 10, elongation δ ≥ 15%, tensile strength σ _in ≥ 250 MPa, impact strength KCU · 10 ² ≥ 10.0 kJ / m ² , roughness R _a , ≤ 2.5 μm.