RU2217698C1 - Apparatus for orientation - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: measuring technique, possibly navigation measurements. SUBSTANCE: apparatus includes cylindrical housing, symmetrical non-magnetic solid body, toroidal magnet, electromagnet power source, control unit, pickup for measuring displacement of non-magnetic solid body in east direction, pickup for detecting touching of non-magnetic solid body and horizontal platform. Toroidal electromagnet is mounted in cylindrical housing. In annular gap between cylindrical housing and toroidal electromagnet one annular elastic member is arranged or N similar elastic members spaced by the same distance one from another are arranged (N = 3 - 10). Horizontal platform (armature) is arranged on annular elastic member or on similar elastic members with possibility of reciprocation motion in vertical gap over electromagnet. Said horizontal platform is made of magnetic material, non-magnetic symmetrical solid body is freely arranged on it. Said symmetrical body may move following motion of horizontal platform when it moves downwards and together with said platform when it moves vertically upwards. Toroidal magnet is electrically connected with power source of electromagnet which is connected with control unit. One inlet of control unit is connected with pickup for detecting displacement of symmetrical non-magnetic solid body in east direction; its other inlet is connected with pickup for detecting touching of non-magnetic symmetrical solid body and horizontal platform. EFFECT: enhanced accuracy of detecting and identifying east-west direction. 2 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to measuring equipment and can be used for navigation measurements.

 A device for orienting is known (RF patent 2174217, IPC 7 G 01 C 17/00 according to claim 2), containing a symmetrical solid body made of a non-magnetic material hollow with an internal cavity filled with powdered iron through an elastic element fixed to a fixed point free suspension, covered by a stationary toroidal coil with a gap and having the ability to make reciprocating movements along the vertical of the place.

 A device for orienting is known (RF patent 2174217, IPC 7 G 01 C 17/00 according to claim 1), selected as a prototype, containing a symmetrical solid, mounted on a fixed point of free suspension through an elastic element with the possibility of reciprocating movements along a plumb line, covered by an annular permanent magnet with a gap that can move vertically along a plumb line.

 The disadvantage of these devices is the large error in identifying the East-West direction, since in the design of devices with a symmetrical rigid body fixed on a fixed point of free suspension through an elastic element, it is difficult to ensure the movement of a symmetric solid body strictly along the vertical of a place, it is impossible to achieve sufficiently large displacements of a symmetric solid body in the East-West direction even in the presence of parametric oscillations of a symmetric solid body.

 The task of the invention is to increase the accuracy of the identification and identification of the East-West direction.

 This task is achieved by the fact that the device for orientation, as in the prototype, contains a symmetrical solid body with the possibility of reciprocating vertical movements and a magnet. Unlike the prototype, the device contains a cylindrical housing in which a toroidal electromagnet is installed. In the annular gap between the cylindrical body and the toroidal electromagnet is either one annular elastic element, or N identical elastic elements, moreover, at an equal distance from each other, where N = 3 ÷ 10. A horizontal platform of magnetic material (anchor) is installed on the elastic elements, which has the ability to make reciprocating movements in the vertical gap above the electromagnet. On a horizontal platform made of magnetic material (anchor), a symmetric non-magnetic solid is freely located, having the ability to move down after the horizontal platform and together with it up vertically. A toroidal electromagnet is electrically connected to an electromagnet power supply. It, in turn, is electrically connected to the control unit. The inputs of the control unit are electrically connected to the displacement sensors of a symmetric non-magnetic solid in the East direction and the touch of a symmetric non-magnetic solid body of a horizontal platform (anchor).

, а "паразитное" влияние поперечной жесткости упругого элемента подвеса отсутствует, и, следовательно, отождествление направления Восток-Запад происходит с большей точностью.The proposed device allows you to:
1. Automatically achieve the exact location of a non-magnetic symmetric solid in a vertical line, because a nonmagnetic symmetric solid when moving under the action of the attractive force of the electromagnet of a horizontal platform (anchor) made of magnetic material, moves after it under the influence of gravity as a freely falling point (body), which leads to a large shift in the East-West direction, t .to. with such a movement, only the Cariolis force and gravity act on a non-magnetic symmetric solid

, and there is no “parasitic" influence of the transverse stiffness of the elastic suspension element, and, therefore, the East-West direction is identified with greater accuracy.

 2. To achieve increasing displacements of a non-magnetic symmetric solid in the East direction, since despite the fact that when a non-magnetic symmetric solid moves down as a free-falling point (body), its displacement in the East-West direction is small due to the small value of the Cariolis force causing it, however, this process can be repeated many times. In this case, the displacement will constantly increase and can reach a much larger value than with parametric oscillations, since the magnitude of the East-West bias in this case is not limited by the parameters of the oscillatory system.

 Figure 1 shows a device for orientation.

 Figure 2 shows a diagram of the motion of a symmetric solid under the influence of the Cariolis force.

 The orienting device comprises a non-magnetic symmetric solid 1 (Fig. 1) freely located on a horizontal platform 2 (anchor) made of magnetic material mounted on elastic elements 3, a toroidal electromagnet 4 mounted in a cylindrical body 5, an electromagnet 6 power supply , control unit 7, optical sensor 8, fixing the moment of contact of the horizontal platform 2 (anchors) with a symmetrical solid 1, optical sensor 9, measuring the displacement of a non-magnetic symmetric solid to the east th direction.

 The toroidal magnet 4 is electrically connected to the power supply unit of the electromagnet 6. It, in turn, is also electrically connected to the control unit 7, one of the inputs of which is electrically connected to the displacement sensor 9 of the symmetric non-magnetic solid 1 in the East direction, and the other input to the touch sensor 8 non-magnetic symmetric solid body of the horizontal platform 2 (anchors).

 Non-magnetic symmetric solid 1 can be made of optically transparent polished plasticized plexiglass with special marks applied on it, necessary for operation of touch sensors 8 and displacement 9. Horizontal platform 2 (anchor) can be made of electrical steel grade 3423 and mounted on elastic elements 3. As elastic elements can be used compression springs, made, for example, of 65G steel wire with a diameter of 0.35 mm, spring diameter of 6 mm, 10 turns with a pitch of 1.5 mm one stiffness, which are located at an equal distance from each other in the annular gap between the cylindrical body 5 and the toroidal electromagnet 4. In addition, it can be one annular elastic element, which is one rubber ring located in the annular gap between the toroidal electromagnet 4 and a cylindrical body 5, and the thickness of the ring should be such as to ensure that the horizontal platform 2 (anchors) is in an elevated state with respect to the toroidal electromagnet 4 and of cylindrical housing 5 by the amount of 3 ... 7 mm (the same as in the embodiment with springs). Alternatively, the design of the toroidal electromagnet 4 may consist of a magnetic circuit made of soft magnetic material and an annular coil mounted inside it. The cylindrical housing 5 can be made of alloy D16T. The power supply unit of electromagnet 6 can be made on the basis of power switches 1RF540N and microcircuits of series 142, 561, 1533, as well as transformer type 44266 from MYRRA. As the control unit 7, the KrV-1.22 controller based on the Atmega 161 microprocessor manufactured by ATMEL manufactured by Ermis LLC, Tomsk, according to DKShS.467444.022 TU, can be used. As the optical sensor 8, the fixing moment of contact of the horizontal platform 2 (anchors) with a symmetrical non-magnetic solid body 1 can be used optical switch BB3.36. XX.TRP6000.1.1.K, manufactured by SPC "Mega", Kaluga. An optical sensor 9, which measures the eastward displacement of a non-magnetic symmetric solid 1, can be built on the basis of the PFp-1.72 module on the basis of the SONY ILX 526A photodetector manufactured by Ermis LLC, Tomsk, according to DCS .468172.008TU.

немагнитное твердое тело 1 прижимается к горизонтальной площадке 2 (якорю), выполненной из магнитного материала. Упругие элементы 3, имеющие одинаковую жесткость и расположенные на равном расстоянии друг от друга в кольцевом зазоре между цилиндрическим корпусом 5 и тороидальной катушкой 4, удерживают горизонтальную площадку 2 (якорь) со свободно расположенным на ней немагнитным симметричным твердым телом 1 на расстоянии h = 3...7 мм от электромагнита 4. При подаче напряжения от блока питания электромагнита 6 на катушку тороидального электромагнита 4 горизонтальная площадка 2 (якорь), выполненная из магнитного материала, притягивается к магнитной цепи электромагнита 4, преодолевая сопротивление упругих элементов 3, имеющих одинаковую жесткость и расположенных на равном расстоянии друг от друга в кольцевом зазоре между цилиндрическим корпусом 5 и тороидальным электромагнитом 4. Причем сила притяжения горизонтальной площадки 2 (якоря), выполненной из магнитного материала, подобраны так, что она движется вниз быстрее, чем немагнитное симметричное твердое тело 1, которое движется вниз только под действием силы тяжести

не успевает за горизонтальной площадкой 2 (якорем), выполненной из магнитного материала, теряет контакт с ней, отстает и некоторое время как бы "зависает" в воздухе, а затем под действием силы тяжести

ускоряется и приближается как свободнопадающая точка (тело) к горизонтальной площадке 2 (якорю), выполненной из магнитного материала. При этом под действием кариолисовой силы

немагнитное симметричное твердое тело 1 смещается в Восточном направлении на величину Δ₁ (фиг.2).The device operates as follows. Under the influence of gravity

a non-magnetic solid 1 is pressed against a horizontal platform 2 (anchor) made of magnetic material. Elastic elements 3 having the same stiffness and located at an equal distance from each other in the annular gap between the cylindrical body 5 and the toroidal coil 4, hold a horizontal platform 2 (anchor) with a non-magnetic symmetric rigid body 1 freely located on it at a distance h = 3. ..7 mm from the electromagnet 4. When voltage is applied from the power supply unit of the electromagnet 6 to the coil of the toroidal electromagnet 4, the horizontal platform 2 (anchor) made of magnetic material is attracted to the magnetic circuit tromagnet 4, overcoming the resistance of elastic elements 3 having the same stiffness and located at an equal distance from each other in the annular gap between the cylindrical body 5 and the toroidal electromagnet 4. Moreover, the attractive force of the horizontal platform 2 (anchors) made of magnetic material is chosen so that it moves down faster than a non-magnetic symmetric solid 1, which moves down only under the influence of gravity

does not keep pace with the horizontal platform 2 (anchor) made of magnetic material, loses contact with it, lags behind and for some time “hangs” in the air, and then under the action of gravity

accelerates and approaches as a free-falling point (body) to a horizontal platform 2 (anchor) made of magnetic material. In this case, under the influence of karyolis force

a non-magnetic symmetric solid 1 is shifted eastward by Δ ₁ (Fig. 2).

 The moment of contact of a non-magnetic symmetrical rigid body 1 of a horizontal platform 2 (anchors) made of magnetic material is recorded by the touch sensor 8 and, upon a signal from the control unit 7, the power supply unit of the electromagnet 6 disconnects the supply voltage of the electromagnet 4 coil, and then under the action of elastic elements 3 having the same rigidity and located at equal distance from each other in the annular gap between the cylindrical body 5 and the toroidal electromagnet 4, a horizontal platform 2 (anchor) made of ma -magnetic material, and together with it and nonmagnetic symmetrical rigid body 1 are raised to a height of h = 3 ... 7 mm in a new point.

Then, the supply voltage is again applied to the coil of electromagnet 4 and the cycle of motion of the non-magnetic symmetric solid 1 is repeated, but from a new point shifted by Δ ₁ in the East direction relative to the original location of the non-magnetic symmetric solid 1 on the horizontal platform 2 (anchor ) made of magnetic material. Repeatedly repeating the lifting and lowering cycle of a non-magnetic symmetric solid 1 leads to an increase in its eastward displacement, sufficient for reliable determination with great accuracy of the magnitude and direction of displacement by the displacement sensor 9.

Claims (1)

An orienting device containing a symmetrical rigid body having the possibility of reciprocating movements vertically, as well as a magnet, characterized in that it contains a cylindrical body in which a toroidal electromagnet is installed, and in the annular gap between the cylindrical body and the toroidal electromagnet elastic element, or N identical elastic elements at equal distance from each other, where N = 3 ÷ 10, on which it is installed, with the possibility of reciprocating joints in a vertical gap above the electromagnet, a horizontal platform (anchor) of magnetic material with a non-magnetic symmetrical solid body freely located on it, having the ability to move downward and together with it upward along the horizontal platform (anchor), while the toroidal magnet is electrically connected with an electromagnet power supply unit, which is connected to the control unit, and one input of the control unit is connected to a displacement sensor of a symmetric non-magnetic solid in the East direction SRI, and the other input with the touch sensor nonmagnetic symmetric rigid horizontal platform body.

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