RU2214907C1 - Lined timber production method - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: saw milling and wood-working industry. SUBSTANCE: method involves providing cross cutting of cut out defective parts into lengths-inserts with allowable defects; arranging defective lengths in line with defect-free lengths by combination of defects without deteriorating predetermined quality of lined timber product; sorting out produced defective lengths-inserts by kind of defect and length. Method allows yield of lined timber product from low-quality boards to be increased due to use of defective lengths together with defect-free lengths. EFFECT: increased efficiency, reduced production cost without reducing predetermined quality sort or quality group of final lined timber product. 2 cl, 2 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to the field of sawmilling and woodworking, in particular to the production of glued lumber and blanks by gluing lengths along a gear spike.

 A known method of producing glued sawn timber, when in the segments intended for gluing, partially include defective areas. When gluing segments, the proportion of defective sections in them decreases and does not reduce the quality of glued sawn products (Malkevich M.V. Rational use of low-quality spruce and fir raw materials in the Krasnoyarsk Territory when processing them into high-quality sawn products: Thesis for the degree of academic scientist. sciences / Scientific adviser V.F.Vetsheva. - Krasnoyarsk: KSTA, 1997, 225 p.).

 The disadvantage of this method is that with an increase in the length of defective wood in glued segments, the quality of glued products decreases and the possibility of increasing its yield without reducing quality is limited.

 Closest to the claimed method is a method in which first the defective places containing an unacceptable defect are cut out of the boards, then the entire blanks are glued, and the remaining lengths from them are glued (Rykunin S.N. Rational use of wood raw materials in the manufacture of blanks. Diss. Doct. Engineering Science. - M., 1987, - 366 p.).

 The disadvantage of this method is that the cut out defective areas and are processed into wood chips. The method is developed for European raw materials.

 In Siberia, from low-quality boards obtained from overmature wood or affected by the Siberian silkworm, due to their high saturation with defects, mainly short defect-free segments are cut, suitable only for gluing. In this case, the tasks of increasing the yield of glued sawn timber of given quality groups can be solved only by including defective wood in the gluing process.

 Processing all the defective areas into wood chips is economically disadvantageous due to its low price, so even their partial use in the gluing process allows to increase the yield of the final product and the profitability of production.

 The invention solves the problem of increasing the yield of glued sawn timber of high demand from low quality boards.

 The technical result consists in increasing the yield of glued sawn timber of specified quality groups due to the inclusion of low quality boards in the maximum permissible values during gluing of defective wood.

 The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that in the method for producing glued sawn timber products, including cutting out defective sections and gluing segments, according to the invention, the cut out defective sections are transversely cut into segments with acceptable defects and inserted into the tape between the defect-free defects by combining defects without reducing the specified quality of glued products .

 After cutting the defective sections, the obtained segments are sorted by type of defect and length.

 The method of producing glued sawn timber is carried out by cutting defective sections of the original boards into small segments for their subsequent insertion between defect-free segments, when the combination of defects in their appearance and length does not lead to a decrease in the specified quality of the final product. Only segments with unacceptable defects, such as rot, are subject to rejection. The minimum length of defective segments suitable for insertion between defect-free sections is assigned taking into account the capabilities of the applied technical means (for the GRECON line 0.2 m).

The inventive method differs from the prototype in the following:
- it provides for such new operations as the transverse cutting of defective wood of low quality boards into pieces with acceptable defects;
- sorting of cut defective segments according to the type of defects and their length with stacking them in separate packages;
- the insertion of defective segments in the line between the defect-free, avoiding the combination of defects to reduce the specified quality of glued products.

 The proposed method is illustrated by the drawing, where Fig. 1 shows a processing section of low-quality boards for glued sawn timber, and Fig. 2 shows a specific example of cutting low-quality boards.

 A method of obtaining glued sawn timber using defective cut-inserts between defect-free cuts is implemented as follows.

 Defective sections are cut out from low-quality boards on the miter table (1), the remaining defect-free sections are stacked (2), and the defective sections are stacked (3). The operator (4) places the defective areas on the miter table (5) located in front of the gluing line. Defective areas on the table (5) are cut with transverse cuts into segments 0.2 m or more in length. Of all the received defective segments, the operator (4) must submit segments from a length of 0.2 m or more to the gluing line that have knots on the face that correspond in size to the highest quality groups of glued sawn timber. In addition to defective segments with knots, defective segments with mushroom sound spots and stripes, blue, resin pockets should be fed to the bonding line. The length of the defective segments is set depending on the length of the final glued products and the defect contained in them. Quality assessment of defective segments is carried out according to GOST for the final glued products. Cut defective segments, the defects of which do not allow them to be used in the gluing process, are sent for processing to wood chips. Defective segments sorted by quality and defects are suitable for further use by the operator (4) stacked in a stack (6) in front of the gluing line. The operator (7) of this line, responsible for feeding the segments to the table (8) of the tenoning machine, taking into account the quality of the defect-free segments, determines the place of its insertion. A defective segment inserted between defect-free segments, in combination with defects of other segments, shall not lower the grade of the final product. After that, spikes are cut at the ends of the segments and glue is applied to them. The resulting tape segments goes into the press.

 Example 1. Two boards of the 4th grade according to GOST 8486-86 with a cross section of 25 • 125 mm and a length of 5 m enter the glued lumber production workshop. One of the boards is 70% struck with blue and only 30% of its area contains healthy wood (Fig. 2 board A). The second board does not contain this defect (figure 2 board B). It is necessary to obtain an adhesive tape according to GOST 9685-61 of the 2nd quality group. Spike length 50 mm.

According to the proposed method, both boards are cut with transverse cuts into defect-free segments (their lengths l _{i are} indicated in FIG. 2). The defective segments obtained as a result of cutting 5. ..9 are processed into wood chips. From the defective section of the board A of length L, transverse cuts produce inserts of 0.2 m in length (see table, 2nd quality group), and the remaining defective segments 1 ... 4 with unacceptable defects are processed into wood chips. Then, the insert segments are inserted into the tape of the obtained defect-free segments, so that the centers of the adjacent insert segments are at least 0.8 m from each other (see table, 2nd quality group). After cutting the spikes and applying glue, the tape enters the press. The resulting glued tape, taking into account the loss of wood for studding, will have a length of 3.65 m.

 Example 2. For comparison, we obtain glued sawn timber according to the method of the prototype.

 Two boards of the 4th grade according to GOST 8486-86 with a cross section of 25 • 125 mm and a length of 5 m come to the glued lumber production workshop. One of the boards is 70% struck with blue and only 30% of its area contains healthy wood (Fig. 2 board A ) The second board does not contain this defect (figure 2 board B). It is necessary to obtain an adhesive tape according to GOST 9685-61 of the 2nd quality group. Spike length 50 mm.

 The entire defective section of the board A, length L is processed into wood chips. The length of the glued tape will be 3.2 m, which is 0.45 m less than when the glued tape was produced by the proposed method, therefore, the yield of glued products of the 2nd quality group will be 4.5% higher by the proposed method compared to with the prototype.

 The table shows the lengths of defective segments-inserts and the distance between them when inserting defect-free segments of various quality groups when receiving glued blanks according to GOST 9685-61.

 As can be seen from the table, the length of the insertion section, as well as the distance between the adjacent insertion sections when inserting defect-free segments into the tape, depends on the quality group of the produced glued blanks and their length. In addition, the length of the insertion site depends on the length of the spike.

The application of the proposed method for the use of defect-free segments when gluing along the length provides the following advantages compared to existing methods:
- The use of defective segments-inserts in the production of glued products without reducing its quality allows us to increase its volumetric output from boards of the 3rd and 4th grade GOST 8486-86 to 2.5 ... 5% and, accordingly, reduce the cost.

 - Due to the reduction in the consumption of quality wood, the resource-saving effect of the gluing process is increased from reducing the consumption of raw materials per cubic meter of glued products to 2.5% compared to the traditional method.

 - Increases the economic efficiency of the use of low-quality wood by increasing its valuable indicator.

 The proposed method allows the maximum use of defective wood of low quality boards with acceptable defects and fully include it in the production cycle, thereby saving valuable raw materials.

Claims (2)

 1. A method of producing glued sawn timber products, including cutting out defective sections and gluing segments, characterized in that they cut laterally the cut defective sections into insert sections with acceptable defects and inserting them in a line between defect-free defects by combining defects without reducing the specified quality of glued products.  2. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that after cutting the defective segments they are sorted by type of defect and length.

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