RU2208038C2 - Apparatus for reducing outbursts of hazardous substances in the process of discharging coke from horizontal coke furnaces - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: coke chemical industry. SUBSTANCE: apparatus has inner covering made in the form of diffuser with horizontal partitions positioned on lower end of covering and valve fixed in its upper part, outer housing provided with sealing members and positioned so as to define slit-type opening along perimeter adjoining to walls of coke transportation car divided into sections. Covering side walls are positioned in spaced relation to housing rear wall. EFFECT: increased efficiency, minimal amounts of discharged dust-laden gas and air mixture and, consequently, reduced outburst of hazardous substances into atmosphere. 3 dwg

Description

 The present invention relates to the coke industry, and more specifically to the unloading devices of coke ovens, and can be used to reduce dust emissions into the atmosphere when unloading coke in a coke oven carriage.

 Devices for dust-free coke delivery are known. Some of them are an exhaust umbrella located above the coke-carriage and attached to any suction devices / 1-4 /. These designs have a common drawback - the need for large capacities and dimensions of the suction and dust removal systems due to the formation of a large volume of dust-gas mixture in the process of coke unloading due to enhanced heat exchange between the air and the falling material inside the shelter.

 Another part of the known solutions in this field is represented by dust removal systems with irrigation with water, air-gas mixture / 5-7 /. The use of water limits the scope of these devices in harsh climatic conditions.

 Known solutions aimed at changing the design of coke oven cars, which solves the problem of dust-free coke delivery only partially / 8-11 /. A device for reducing emissions of harmful substances when issuing coke from horizontal coke ovens / 12 /, containing an inner shelter made in the form of a diffuser, and an outer casing, forming a slit hole along the perimeter of the casing adjoining the walls of the car, a dust and gas recovery system, including a smoke exhauster and a dry cyclone connected to the internal cavity of the shelter and the slotted hole. The inner shelter is equipped with horizontal partitions located on its lower end and overlapping the upper part of the loaded sections of the coke-carriage, as well as shutters located in the upper end part of the shelter.

 The described device is the closest to the claimed one according to the totality of features and we have taken as a prototype.

 The disadvantage of the prototype is the low suction efficiency of the dust and gas stream through the upper part of the inner shelter. When the suction hole is located in the upper end part of the shelter, only the upper part of the shelter is effectively dusted, while dusty air is knocked out along its side walls through leaks between the coke guide dimension entering the shelter cavity through the opening in the rear wall of the outer casing and the edges of this opening . The reason for knocking out dust is the thermal pressure acting over the entire height of the inner shelter.

 The objective of the invention is to increase the efficiency of removal of dusty air-gas mixture from the internal shelter of the device and from the entire device as a whole, reducing dust emissions into the atmosphere.

 To solve the problem, in a device for reducing emissions of harmful substances during coke production from horizontal coke ovens, comprising an internal shelter installed with the possibility of moving along the coke side of the coke oven car, made in the form of a diffuser with horizontal partitions in the lower end part and a valve in the upper end part, an outer casing provided with sealing elements, forming with a cover a slotted hole along the perimeter of the abutment of the casing to the walls of the car and a dust collection system Nia connected with the space enclosed between the cover and the housing according to the invention between the sidewalls and the cover rear wall of the casing a gap.

 In this case, a dusty gas-air mixture that is knocked out from the inner part of the shelter enters through the gap into the space between the inner shelter and the outer casing and then into the suction system.

 The analysis of the prior art did not allow to identify an analogue characterized by features identical to all the essential features of the claimed solution, i.e., the claimed solution meets the requirement of novelty.

 Not detected is also a sign that is distinctive in the claimed decision, i.e. It meets the requirement of inventive step.

 The invention is illustrated in the drawing, where in Fig.1 shows a General view of the device, in Fig. 2 is a section AA in FIG. 1, and FIGS. 2 and 3 show motion patterns of a dusty gas-air mixture in the presence of a gap between the side walls of the inner shelter and the rear wall of the casing and in the absence of this gap.

 A device for reducing emissions of harmful substances when coke is dispensed from horizontal coke ovens comprises an inner shelter 1 made in the form of a diffuser, equipped with horizontal partitions 2 located at the lower end, and a valve 3 installed on the upper end of the shelter 1, the outer casing 4 with sealing elements 5, made in the form of blinds from steel chains, and a dust and gas removal system. Coke is unloaded from the furnace through a coke guide 10 into a coke-carriage 11 with vertical partitions installed in it. The dust and gas removal system can be centralized stationary or autonomous with installation on a door car and using a smoke exhauster 6, a cyclone 7 with a dust exhaust device 8, air ducts 9.

 The device operates as follows.

 When unloading coke through the coke guide 10, its particles fall into the coke carriage 11, filling the space limited by the inner shelter 1. Intensive heat exchange between the falling coke, fencing and air leads to the creation of high thermal (gravitational) pressure in the inner shelter 1. Due to the difference between the thermal the pressure and ejection pressure created by the incident coke stream, the heated air tends to exit the shelter 1 through all types of leaks, including the open valve 3. In this case, the suction through the valve 3 e able to provide even a slight vacuum over the entire height location of leaks in the area between koksonapravlyayuschey envelope 10 and the opening edges of the rear wall of the case 4 (see FIG. 2 and 3). This vacuum is created due to the gap between the side walls of the inner shelter 1 and the rear wall of the casing 4, since the gap allows you to connect the cavity of the inner shelter 1 and the space between the shelter 1 and the casing 4, from which the dust removal system is sucked. Valve 3 allows you to redistribute the flow rate of the exhaust air through it directly and through the gap area and to achieve a minimum total flow rate at which dust is not knocked out of the inner shelter 1.

 The use of the claimed device allows to reduce emissions of harmful substances into the atmosphere with a minimum consumption of dusty gas-air mixture removed to dust and gas treatment, which is formed when coke is dispensed from horizontal coke ovens.

LITERATURE
1. Auth. St. 1535839, MKI C 10 V 33/00. A device for the removal of gases during unloading of coke from coke ovens. / A.I. Nikitin, A.M. Dotsenko, A.T. Pozhidaev, V.I. Anichin et al. (USSR) - 4440932 / 23-26. Claimed on 04.25.88. Publ. 01/15/90. Bull. 2.

 2. Auth. St. 1161533 USSR, MKI C 10 V 33/00. A device for removing gases when unloading coke from a coke oven. / S.V. Stepko (USSR) - 3450221 / 23-26. Declared 06/08/82. Publ. 06/15/85. Bull. 22.

 3. 3 application 2491943 France, MKI C 10 V 33/06. Declared 04.16.82.

 4. 3 application 2938893 Germany, MKI C 10 V 33/06. Declared 09/26/79. Publ. 04/02/81.

 5. Patent 1771506 Germany, MKI C 10 V 33/14. Claimed on 05/31/68. Publ. 07/25/74.

 6.Application 3033519 Germany, MKI C 10 V 33/00. Stated 11.10.80. Publ. 06/19/82.

 7. Gemmil R.I., Williamson F., Hall W.L., Roberts T.L. The institute of Material: 2-nd International Cokemaking Congress - London, 1992. Coke and Chemistry 5, Moscow: Metallurgy, 1993.

 8. US patent 4196054, MKI C 10 V 39/14. Declared 10/31/77. Publ. 04/01/80.

 9. U.S. Patent 4,213,489, MKI C 10 V 39/14. Declared 10.01.79. Publ. 07/22/80.

 10. U.S. Patent 3852159, MKI C 10 V 39/14. Declared July 24, 73. Publ. 12/03/74.

 11. Auth. St. 1043059 USSR, MKI B 61 P 3/04. Coke quenching car. / V.G. Kucher, G.R. Reiman et al. (USSR). Declared 10.08.82. Publ. 09/23/83. Bull. 35.

12. Patent 2088629 of the Russian Federation, MKI ⁶ C 10 V 33/00. Declared January 5, 1995. Publ. 08/27/95. Bull. 24 (prototype).

Claims (1)

 A device for reducing emissions of harmful substances during coke production from horizontal coke ovens, comprising an inner shelter arranged to move along the coke side of the coke oven car, made in the form of a diffuser with horizontal partitions in the lower end part and a valve in the upper end part, an outer casing provided with sealing elements, forming with a shelter a slot hole around the perimeter of the junction of the casing to the walls of the car and a dust and gas removal system connected to the space concluded between the shelter and the casing, characterized in that a gap is made between the side walls of the inner shelter and the rear wall of the outer casing.

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