RU2207953C2 - Moulding installation - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: plastic metal working, applicable in molding of powdered thermoplastic materials, mainly of explosive compositions. SUBSTANCE: the molding installation has two hydraulic presses, horizontally closed walking- beam conveyer with guides and satellites and moulds orientedly installed on the satellites. Horizontal overpasses with wedge-shaped locking members are located between the presses. The drives of horizontal motion of the satellites are made in the form of rods, each consisting of two coaxially positioned parts with locking levers. The parts are interconnected by a coupling for independent angular displacements relative to each other by means of lever pneumatic actuators and joint linear displacement with a step multiple of the distance between the process positions of molding. Each mould is made with two cylindrical holes to receive the wedge-shaped locking members. At molding of thermoplastic explosive compositions it is provided with an armored cabin for installation of the hydraulic presses in it. EFFECT: enhanced reliability and adaptability to manufacture of the installation. 2 cl, 3 dwg

Description

 The claimed technical solution relates to the field of material processing by pressure and can be used for pressing powdered thermoplastic materials, mainly explosive compositions (BC).

 Known semi-automatic press installation model 1 DO334 (nomenclature reference. Forging equipment - M .: BHIIIMASH - 1970 - p. 48), containing a hydraulic press located in an insulated armored car and having the position of pressing and pushing, each of which is equipped with a hydraulic drive and which combined with each other and with the casing zone by a chain stepper conveyor. This installation provides pressing of the aircraft, but its use for pressing thermoplastic aircraft is ineffective, because pressing of these compositions is accompanied by holding presses under pressure for 5-20 minutes and, therefore, the productivity of these plants will be small. The energy consumption of the installation, in turn, is quite significant, since holding presses under pressure is possible only with continuous operation of the hydroelectric station.

 The closest analogue is an automatic press line with external molds (Zavgorodniy V.K. Mechanization and automation of plastic processing. - M .: Engineering. - 1970 - p. 500-502), containing two hydraulic presses, horizontally closed stepper conveyor with satellites, molds, two drives for longitudinal movement and two drives for lateral movement of satellites.

 The disadvantages of this press line are the significant metal consumption of the step conveyor due to the peculiarities of its push type drives and the complexity of the mold design, which negatively affects the reliability of the operation of the press line as a whole. In addition, such a structural design of a step conveyor requires strict technological discipline and unconditional execution of work operations at all positions of the conveyor before its next inclusion, which does not allow for independent movement of satellites along the conveyor path.

 The present invention solves the problem of creating a pressing installation with high reliability and manufacturability, allowing within the working cycle of pressing to quickly release technological positions at which work operations were completed ahead of schedule.

 To achieve the specified technical result in a pressing installation containing two hydraulic presses and a horizontally-closed step conveyor, in which the guides are installed satellites with the possibility of translational movement from transverse and longitudinal displacement drives, the latter are made in the form of rods installed in the conveyor guides. The rod consists of two coaxial parts interconnected by a sleeve. Each part, independently of the other, has the possibility of angular movements from the lever pneumatic actuator and joint linear movement from the pneumatic actuator in increments that are a multiple of the distance between the technological positions. Along the axis of the rods at a distance from each other equal to half the distance between the technological positions, flags are set with the possibility of interaction with rectangular grooves that are made on the side faces of the satellites. In the landing seats of the satellites, molds are oriented in an oriented manner, in which two cylindrical openings are made for the entry of the wedge locking elements located in horizontal overpasses. The latter are located between the hydraulic presses and are equipped with pneumatic actuators for the translational movement of the wedge locking elements.

Performing a drive of longitudinal movement of satellites on a conveyor in the form of a rod, consisting of two coaxial parts connected by a clutch, each of which has a lever pneumatic drive that allows independent angular movements and fixes the satellite with the rod using flags, makes it possible to:
- regardless of the completion of the previous technological operation, to move satellites along the conveyor tracks both in the cabin part of it and outside it, which allows more flexible solution of technological problems, i.e. combine in time individual technological operations;
- have a minimum number of satellites on the conveyor, which simplifies the design and improves reliability.

 The oriented location of the mold in the satellite landing slot and its fixation in the “clamped” position using wedge locking elements located in horizontal overpasses increases the reliability of the installation.

 The proposed installation of pressing is illustrated by the drawings shown in figures 1-3.

 Figure 1 shows a top view of the installation of the pressing.

 Figure 2 is a cross section aa in figure 1.

 Figure 3 is a longitudinal section bB in figure 1; B-B - cross section with a view of the coupling; GG - section with a view of the flag.

 The pressing installation contains two hydraulic presses 1 and 2 (Fig. 1) located in an armored cage 3 with two gateway devices 4 and 5 of airlock type, a horizontally-closed step conveyor (GZShK) 6, in the guides (not shown) of which are mounted translationally displacements from drives 7 and 8 of satellites 9 on which the molds are installed 10. GZShK 6 consists of supply and discharge paths 11 and 12, respectively, and two transverse paths 13, which are located with the possibility of combining the positions of the process Xia both in the armored car 3, and outside it. Gate devices 4 and 5 have armored shutters (not shown) that are mounted to move from pneumatic actuators (not shown) and overlap openings in the wall of the armored car 3 both inside and outside. The drives 7 of the translational movement of the satellites 9 along the supply and discharge paths 11 and 12 are made in the form of rods 14, which are installed in the interscreen space in the supports 15. The rod 14 consists of two coaxial parts connected by a clutch 16 (Fig. 3) so that each of the parts has the possibility of independent angular movement from the lever pneumatic actuator 17 through the sliding key 18 and joint translational movement from the pneumatic actuator 7 by means of a fork 19. On each part of the rod 14 two flags 20 are fixedly mounted with a step equal to m half the distance between the technological positions designed to fix the satellites 9, and each of the latter has two grooves on the long sides and a seat socket 21 for the mold 10. In the seat socket 21 there is a vertical groove with a prismatic guide 22 installed in it, which makes it possible to orient the mold 10 relative to the satellite 9. In the upper and lower parts of the mold 10 there are cylindrical through holes for the entry of the wedge locking elements 23 (FIG. 2), which are one to one placed in two horizontal overpasses 24. The latter are located on the bed (not shown) of the conveyor 6 between the hydraulic presses 1 and 2 and are equipped with pneumatic actuators 25 for moving the elements 23. The pneumatic actuators 8 provide translational movement of the satellites 9 along the transverse paths 13 (figure 1).

In accordance with the operations of the technological process, the pressing unit consists of several zones:
- zone "a" - assembly of the mold and preparing it for pressing;
- zone "b" - position of the "waiting" satellite with the mold in the gateway;
- zone "c" - the position of pressing and locking the mold;
- zone "g" - exposure of the locked mold under pressure;
- zone "d" - unloading the mold;
- zone "e" - position of the "waiting" satellite in the gateway;
- zone "g" - disassembly of the mold.

 In the initial position in the zone "a" of the conveyor is an empty satellite; the outer gate opening is open (the gate valve of the device 4 is raised); the sliding device 5 closes the opening in the cabin; zone "b" - free, without satellite; the working plate of the press 1 is lowered; at position “c” is a satellite with a pressed and locked mold; the actuator 17 for the angular movement of the rods 14 holds the flags 20 in a vertical position, i.e. out of the grooves of satellites; in the zone "g" are four stages of exposure under pressure four molds; press plate 2 in the lower position, at position "e" is a satellite with a locked mold; zone "e" - free, without satellite; in zone "g" is a satellite with a mold for disassembly.

 Installation pressing operates as follows.

 In zone "a", a mold 10 filled with a thermoplastic aircraft is orientedly installed in the landing socket 21 of satellite 9 along the prismatic guide 22. The pneumatic actuator 17 for the angular movement of the part of the rod 14 located outside the armored cab 3 is turned on, and the first flag 20 enters the rear groove of the satellite 9. Then, the pneumatic actuator 7 is longitudinally moved and through the fork 19, the rod 14 makes translational movement equal to half the distance between the positions “a” and "b", i.e. l / 2. After that, with the lever drive 17, the flags 20 are raised to a vertical position (the satellite is unlocked), and the rod 14 with the drive 7 is brought to its original position, combining the second flag 20 with the front groove of the satellite 9. Next, the actuator 17 is turned on again and the second flag 20 enters the front groove of the satellite 9, and when the drive 7 is turned on, satellite 9 with the mold 10 is moved to the position of zone “b”. Then the actuators 17 and 7 are subsequently returned to their original position.

 After that, the drive of the gate device 4 closes the outer opening in the wall of the armored car 3, and the shutter of the internal gate device 5 is opened, thereby preserving the insulation of the cabin part of the installation. Then, due to the successive switching on of the drives 17 and the drive 7, the satellite with the mold is moved along the guides of the conveyor 6 to the pressing position in the zone “c”. Next, the hydraulic drive of the press 1 and its working table are turned on, rising together with the mold 10, presses the latter into the stationary upper plate of the press 1, pressing.

 Simultaneously with pressing on the press 1, the previously locked mold 10 is unloaded on the press 2. In the pressed position of the molds 10 on both presses 1 and 2, the axes of their cylindrical holes are aligned with the axes of the overpasses. Next, pneumatic actuators 25 are activated, when the rods are extended, the wedge locking elements 23 from the cylindrical through holes of the mold 10 located under the press 2 are moved into overpasses, forcing wedge locking elements out of them into the mold 10 located under the press 1, locking it in a loaded state. After that, the working tables of the presses 1 and 2 are returned to their original position. The actuator 8 is turned on and the space for the satellite with the locked mold located under the press 1 is freed up. Then, the actuators 17 and 7 are sequentially turned on and the satellite with the mold is moved from zone “c” to zone “g”. During the exposure, the pressing cools down and the relaxation processes are completed, after which the satellites are subsequently fed to the discharge path 12 of conveyor 6. When the satellite is moved from zone “d” to zone “d”, a satellite with an unloaded mold from zone “d” is simultaneously transported zone "e". The sequence of actuators in the zone "d" during unloading of the mold 10 was described above.

 From the “e” zone, after opening the shutter of the outer aperture of the armored car 3 by the drive of the slide gate device 4, the satellite moves to the “g” zone, and after the mold 10 is disassembled and the finished pressing is removed, the satellite is moved to the “a” zone by the drive 8. This completes the work cycle of the pressing unit.

Claims (2)

 1. Installation of thermoplastic materials pressing, containing two hydraulic presses, a horizontally closed step conveyor with guides and satellites equipped with longitudinal and transverse drives, and molds oriented on satellites, characterized in that it is equipped with horizontal overpasses located between the hydraulic presses with wedge locking elements placed in them, the drives of longitudinal movement of satellites are made in the form of rods installed in the direction Each of the rods consists of two coaxially arranged parts, equipped with flags and interconnected by a sleeve with the possibility of independent angular movements relative to one another by means of lever pneumatic drives and joint linear movement by means of a pneumatic drive with a step that is a multiple of the distance between the pressing technological positions , satellites are made with rectangular grooves located on the side faces and having the ability to interact with flags, and nests and to install the molds, each mold being provided with two cylindrical holes for the entry of the locking wedge elements.  2. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that when pressing thermoplastic explosive compositions, it is equipped with an armored car for installing hydraulic presses in it.

Images