RU2296629C1 - Seed-cleaning machine - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agricultural engineering, in particular, machines for cleaning of seeds from impurities.

SUBSTANCE: seed-cleaning machine has charging and discharge devices and rotational drive connected to drum. Drum is made from perforated strip which is bent along straight lines extending at an angle to strip edges so as to form identical parallelograms alternatively arranged on strip and oriented in opposite directions. Strip is rolled into cylindrical coils connected with one another along longitudinal edges so as to define on outer surface thereof unidirectional broken helical lines, and on inner surface thereof, along broken helical lines, triangular pockets.

EFFECT: intensified separation of impurities and wider operational capabilities of seed-cleaning machine.

8 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agricultural machinery, more specifically to machines for cleaning seeds, namely, machines for cleaning seeds from litter.

A device for cleaning seeds is known (AS No. 1808417, class B 07 1/22, publ. 04/15/93. Bull. No. 14), containing loading, unloading devices, a drive and a screening surface mounted by means of elastic elements mounted from successively connected spatial identical sections, each of which is formed by flat geometric shapes and rotated relative to the previous one by an angle of 90 ° around the axis of the screening surface, each section being made in the form of an equilateral prism or an oblique parallelepipes a.

A disadvantage of the known device is the complexity of manufacture, insufficient intensity of separation, cleaning of the screening surface and limited technological capabilities.

Closest to the proposed invention is a seed cleaning machine (RF patent No. 2007226, class B 07 1/22, publ. 02.15.94. Bull. No. 3), containing loading and unloading devices, a rotation drive associated with the drum installed on perimeter of the drum along helical surfaces with sieves, the edges of which are located along helical lines in the longitudinal section of the drum, the sieves being made of at least three curved perforated strips in the cross section of the drum with a constant or variable width or sieves in the form of perforated or equilateral triangles or isosceles triangles alternately connected on the perimeter of the perforated drum and equilateral isosceles triangles.

A disadvantage of the known device is the complexity of manufacture, insufficient intensity of separation, cleaning of the screening surface and limited technological capabilities.

The technical solution is to simplify manufacturing, increase the separation rate, clean the screening surface and expand technological capabilities by increasing the mixing intensity.

The technical solution is achieved by the fact that the drum is made of one perforated strip bent in straight lines placed at an angle to the edges of the strip, with the formation of the same parallelograms located on the strip alternately in opposite directions, while the strip is folded into cylindrical coils connected to each other along the longitudinal edges, with the formation on the outer surface of unidirectional broken helical lines, and on the inner surface along the broken helical lines of pockets of a triangular shape.

The novelty is that the drum is made of at least one perforated strip, which simplifies the manufacture.

The novelty is due to the fact that pockets of a triangular shape are formed along a broken helix, with which portions of the material are captured, rises up and rush down, which expands technological capabilities, increases the intensity of mixing and the cleaning of the screening surface.

The novelty is also seen in the fact that only one perforated strip is bent in straight lines, which simplifies manufacturing.

The novelty is due to the fact that along the outer surface broken lines are formed in one direction, which increases the speed of longitudinal movement of the material and expands the technological capabilities.

The novelty is seen in the fact that only one perforated strip is bent into cylindrical turns that are connected along the longitudinal edges, which simplifies the manufacture.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where figure 1 presents the proposed seed cleaning machine, General view; figure 2 is a section aa in figure 1; figure 3 - perforated strip with marked straight lines; figure 4 - perforated strip, bent in straight lines; figure 5 is a perspective view of a perforated strip folded into cylindrical coils; figure 6 - sieving drum; in Fig.7 is a top view, a view of Fig.6; in Fig.8 is a section bB in Fig.6 (M2: 1).

The seed cleaning machine includes a drum 1 with a screening surface mounted between the cheeks 2 and 3. The diameter of the holes in the perforated surface, depending on the requirements and cleaning technology, can be different. The cheek 3 is connected by means of the rods 4 to the disk 5 and form a discharge device of large litter. The disk 5 rests in the self-centering support 6 and is connected to the drive 8 through the clutch 7. The support 6 and the drive 8 are mounted on the rear frame 9. The cheek 3 is rigidly attached to the drum 1, which in turn is rigidly attached to the cheek 2. 2 is attached rigidly to the roller 10, to which, on the other hand, a cylindrical shell 11 is attached, inside of which a two-stage screw winding is rigidly fixed by turns of large diameter 12. With small diameter coils 13, a two-stage winding is rotatably inserted into the cylindrical pipe of the loading device 14. The roller 10 is supported by two support rollers 15 mounted on the front frame 16. A seed hopper 17 is mounted under the screening surface of the drum 1, and a large litter is mounted under the discharge device, formed by the cheek 3, the rods 4 and the disk 5 mounted hopper 18 for large litter.

The drum 1 (Fig. 1, Fig. 2) is made of one perforated strip 19 (Fig. 3), bent along straight lines 20, placed at an equal distance "E" from each other and at equal angles α to the edges 21, 22 of the perforated strip 19 with the formation of the same parallelograms 23 and 24, located alternately in opposite directions (figure 4).

The perforated strip 19 after bending along straight lines 20 is rolled into cylindrical coils (Fig. 5), which are connected to each other along the longitudinal edges 21, 22 by known methods, for example, by welding, with the formation of triangular pockets 25, 26, 27, 28, 29 , 30, 31 to drum 1.

6, the connection line of the longitudinal edges of the turns of the perforated strip 19 is shown by a dash-dot line with two points 32 with the formation on the outer surface of unidirectional broken helical lines 33-34-35-36-37-38-39-40-41-42-43- 44 (one of which is shown in FIG. 6, FIG. 7, FIG. 8 with a thickened line), and along the inner surface along the broken helical lines of the triangular-shaped pockets 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31 (FIG. 8 )

The proposed seed cleaning machine operates as follows.

Using drive 8, the sieving drum 1 is driven into rotation and with it a two-stage screw winding of small diameter 13, which transports the seeds together with the litter from the loading device 14 into the cylindrical shell 11, and from there the winding 12 sends the seeds together with litter with a continuous stream to the perforated drum 1. When moving from loading to unloading, the seeds make a complex spatial movement, are removed outside the drum 1 and unloaded into the hopper 17, and the litter is transported along the helical lines of the drum 1 to EKE 3 and through the space between the rods 4 in the output hopper 18. The triangular shaped pockets 18-24 capture during rotation of the drum 1, certain amounts of seeds and throw them downward, which increases the intensity of mixing, separation and purification of the screening surface of the drum 1 from clogging.

Technical and economic advantages arise not only due to the creation on the outer surface of broken helical lines of one direction, pockets of a triangular shape along broken inner helical lines, which extends technological capabilities, increases the intensity of mixing, separation and cleaning of the screening surface by simplifying the manufacture of a drum mounted from bent along the straight lines of one perforated strip, folded into cylindrical coils connected along their longitudinal sides.

Claims (1)

Seed cleaning machine containing loading and unloading devices, a rotation drive associated with the drum, characterized in that the drum is made of one perforated strip bent in straight lines placed at an angle to the edges of the strip, with the formation of the same parallelograms located on the strip alternately opposite side, while the strip is folded into cylindrical coils connected to each other along the longitudinal edges, with the formation on the outer surface of unidirectional broken helical screw frost, and on the inner surface along the broken helical lines of the pockets of a triangular shape.

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