RU2291735C2 - Labyrinth screen - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agricultural and a hydrotechnical construction and the sewage and waste water draining.

SUBSTANCE: the invention is pertaining to the field of the agricultural and hydrotechnical construction and the sewage and waste waters draining. The technical result of the invention is creation of the reliable in operation and efficient screens, the increase of the filtration surface and the specific volume of the filtered waters, the high quality of purification of the natural waters, the waste waters, the discharge waters and the manifold-drainage waters. The labyrinth screen contains the channel, the settling tank, the rubbish-trapping lattice, the filtering components made in the form of the separate screens-cartridges filled by the filtering materials. The filtering components are mounted at the bottom of the settling tank and inserted to meet the edges of the maximum levels of the water in several mazes facing alternately to the direction of the water streams with their inlets-outputs and dead ends. The open ratio of the screens-cartridges from the first up to the last maze decreases.

EFFECT: the invention ensures creation of the reliable in operation and efficient screens, the increase of their filtration surface and the specific volume of the filtered waters, the high quality of purification of the natural waters, the waste waters, the discharge waters and the manifold-drainage waters.

2 cl, 3 dwg, 1 ex

Description

The invention relates to the field of agricultural and land reclamation and wastewater and wastewater, and can be used in the construction of irrigated areas, canals, ponds, treatment facilities of natural and industrial waters.

A known method of neutralizing recycled water (Author's certificate No. 997401, MKI C 02 F 1/66, BI No. 44 of 11/30/82) by filtering through a drainage dam consisting of carbonate-containing material, for example limestone with a particle size of 15-20 cm

The disadvantage of this device is that filtering is carried out through a dam consisting of carbonate-containing material. All dams are significant, usually trapezoidal in shape, as a result of which the filtration rate at the base and top will be different.

The quality of water treatment will not be the same. Filtration consumption and labor productivity will be low. When filtering through a dam, limestone will be washed out with water and the dam will cease to act as a filter. It will have to be built again from carbonate-containing materials, which is very difficult and economically disadvantageous.

Known drainage distribution device for water treatment (Copyright certificate No. 1636014, MKI B 01 D 24/20, BI No. 11 dated 03/23/91), including waterproof plates and permeable inserts placed between them having an I-shaped non-woven profile, consisting of randomly arranged flexible fibers with porosity decreasing in the direction of water movement.

The disadvantages of this device is that it includes waterproof plates and water-permeable inserts placed between them, and this dramatically reduces the filtration area, labor productivity and the specific volume of filtered water.

The closest technical solution is a device for the treatment of collector-drainage and wastewater (RU 2062634, 01 D 36/04, 06/27/96), including a channel, a trash retention grate, a settler, filter elements made in the form of cartridges filled with filter material, moreover, the top of the last row of filter elements coincides with the maximum water level in the channel.

The disadvantages of this device is that the filter elements, made in the form of cartridges, are installed in rows, which reduces the filtration area and the amount of filtered water. Since the duty cycle of the filtering elements is not differentiated, the subsequent rows of filtering elements will work in the same way as the first, without improving the quality of water treatment. That is, the device will work equally with one, two, three, and so on, rows of filter elements.

The technical result achieved by this invention is the creation of reliable and productive filters that increase the filtration area and the specific volume of filtered water, good quality treatment of natural, waste, waste and collector-drainage water.

The result is achieved by the fact that the labyrinth filter for purification of natural and man-made waters contains a channel, a settling tank, a trash-holding grate, filtering elements made in the form of separate filter-cartridges, filled with filtering materials installed on the bottom of the settling tank, inscribed in the ores of the maximum water level in the channel into several labyrinths, alternately facing the flow direction with inputs and outputs and dead ends, and the duty cycle of the filter cassettes from the first to the last maze decreases, and the number labyrinths, their size and shape depend on the required performance and quality of water treatment.

Figure 1 shows the device of the labyrinth filter (General view). Figure 2 shows a longitudinal section along the axis of the filter, figure 3 shows a cross section.

The labyrinth filter includes a channel 1 with a line of maximum water level 2 and a bottom 3, a sump 4, a clip 5, trash racks 6, filter cassettes 7 installed and fixed in the frame 8 in the form of labyrinths having an input-output 9 and a dead end 10, and fastening 11 of the bottom 3 and slopes 12 of the sump 4.

Labyrinth filter works as follows.

где а и b - верхнее и нижнее основания трапеции, h - высота. При впадении в отстойник 4, вписанный в линию максимального уровня воды, поток распределяется до величины живого сечения а·h, где а - верхнее наибольшее основание опрокинутой трапеции. Скорость потока снижается, что способствует более качественной очистке воды. Проходя через сороудерживающую решетку 6, вставленную в обойму 5, поток очищается от крупных взвешенных примесей и поступает во вход-выход 9 первого лабиринта фильтра с самой большой скважностью фильтров-кассет 7, установленных в каркасе 8.Natural or man-made waters move along channel 1 (Fig. 1), its bottom 3 and slopes 12 with fastening 11, the living area of the overturned trapezoidal shape and equal

where a and b are the upper and lower bases of the trapezoid, h is the height. When entering the sump 4, inscribed in the line of the maximum water level, the flow is distributed up to the living cross section a · h, where a is the upper largest base of the overturned trapezoid. The flow rate decreases, which contributes to better water purification. Passing through the trash guard 6, inserted into the holder 5, the stream is cleaned of large suspended impurities and enters the input-output 9 of the first filter maze with the largest duty cycle of the filter cassettes 7 installed in the frame 8.

After passing through the filter cassettes 7 of the first labyrinth, the water is purified from medium-sized particles, fills the sump 4 and gradually begins to filter through the filter cassettes 7 with a lower duty cycle and pore size from the side of the dead end 10, which allows for finer cleaning. Depending on the requirements for the quality of water treatment, the number of labyrinths increases, and the duty cycle and pore size decrease. If necessary, reagent cleaning filter cartridges are filled with the necessary reagent. Filter-cassettes 7 after working out and reducing performance are replaced with new ones, and the filtering process is repeated.

Example

Studies conducted in laboratory conditions showed that with the same geometric parameters of the tray and the initial turbidity of water 127.1 mg / l, the filtration area of the claimed labyrinth filter was 2 times larger than that of the prototype. The performance of the labyrinth filter (the volume of filtered water) in comparison with the prototype was 1.8 times greater. The quality of water treatment was evaluated by its turbidity before and after the filters. The turbidity of the water after the filter according to the prototype was 30.2 mg / l, and the cleaning efficiency was 75.1%. The turbidity of the water after the claimed labyrinth filter was significantly less - 11.3 mg / l, and the cleaning efficiency reached 92.9%.

Performing the treatment of natural and industrial waters using a labyrinth filter will increase the filtration area and the specific volume of filtered water, improve the quality of treatment of natural, waste, waste and collector-drainage waters.

Claims (2)

1. A labyrinth filter, including a channel, a sump, inscribed in the ores of the maximum water level in the channel, a trash guard, filter elements made in the form of separate filter cassettes filled with filter materials, characterized in that the filter elements are installed on the bottom of the sump in several labyrinths , alternately facing the direction of flow of the inputs-outputs and dead ends, and the duty cycle of the filter cassettes from the first to the last maze decreases. 2. The labyrinth filter according to claim 1, characterized in that the number of labyrinths, their size and shape are selected depending on the required performance and quality of water treatment.

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