RU2291117C1 - Glass furnace - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: glass industry; glass furnaces intended for cook of the different kinds of glasses, except for quartz glass.

SUBSTANCE: the invention is pertaining to the field of glass industry, in particular, to the glass furnace intended for cook of the different kinds of glasses, except for quartz glass. The high efficiency of the glass furnace and the qualitative fusion penetration of the glass melt is insured by the research optimally selected ratio of the volumes of the gas-flame space of the glass furnace (V₁) and the regenerators checkerworks (V₂), which are coupled among themselves by the ratio of V₁/V₂ =0.65 - 1.1, and the height of the overflow threshold (H₁) coupled with the height of the glass-melting tank up to the overflow threshold (H₂) by the ratio of H₁/H₂ = 0.63-0.46.

EFFECT: the invention ensures the high efficiency of the glass furnace and the qualitative fusion penetration of the glass melt.

1 dwg, 1 tbl

Description

The invention relates to the glass industry and is intended for the melting of all types of glasses, except quartz.

Known glass melting furnaces for auth. 1691328, 2142920. These furnaces are similar and prototype of the invention.

As in the present invention, in the pool of these furnaces there is a threshold located in the cooking pool. Both of these furnaces are regenerative by heating principle.

However, a significant drawback of these furnaces is the fact that there is no clear connection between the volume of the gas-flame space and the nozzles of the regenerators of these furnaces.

In addition, there is no connection between the height of the overflow threshold and the height of the melting basin of the glass melting furnace to the overflow threshold.

This connection is very important, since the overflow threshold in most glass melting furnaces can perform two functions:

1. Intensifies the process of dissolution of the mixture from the bottom, ie speeds up the cooking process.

2. Raises up the lower layers of glass melt and contributes to the intensification of the clarification process.

Just based on p. 2, it is necessary to establish a clear relationship between the height of the cooking pool to the threshold (H ₂ ) and the height of the overflow threshold (H ₁ ), constructing it in such a way in each individual case to create optimal conditions for bubbling the glass mass above the threshold . It is necessary to bring the distance from the top of the threshold to the surroundings of the cooking pool to the dimensions that provide direct flow of the glass melt.

In auto No. 2142920 there is a relationship between the height of the threshold and the cooking pool after the threshold, but this connection characterizes primarily the processes associated with the acceleration of the process of dissolution of the mixture "from below" and it is not enough to assess the threshold as an intensifier of the process of clarification of glass.

It is known (I.I.Kitaygorodsky) that the dimensions of the volumes of the gas-flame spaces of any glass melting furnaces directly affect the course of the main glass melting processes, especially such as bubbling of glass. It is known that the closer the arch of the furnace is to the glass melt mirror, the more intensively all glass processes occur.

At the same time, the relationship between the volume of the gas-flame space and the volume of nozzles of regenerators is obvious.

The volume of nozzles should have optimal dimensions in relation to the volume of the gas-flame space.

This will ensure maximum heat transfer to the nozzles with exhaust gases and optimal heating of the air supplied to the combustion.

All these issues are solved in the present invention through experimentally established communication in the form of a ratio between the volume of the gas-flame space (V ₁ ) and the volume of nozzles of the regenerators (V ₂ ).

It was experimentally established that the volume of the gas-flame space is associated with the volume of the nozzles of the regenerators with the ratio V ₁ / V ₂ = 0.65-1.1

If the ratio limit is less, then the volume of the gas-flame space will be too small and the arch of the furnace will be located very close to the glass mass mirror and the campaign of the furnace will decrease sharply (the arch will burn).

If you accept a ratio limit greater than the specified, all glass melting processes will take a longer time and the productivity of the furnace will decrease. The combustion air through the nozzles of the regenerators will be supplied with a reduced temperature.

Only the ratio proposed by us will ensure the intensive flow of all glass melting processes and ensure a long campaign of the furnace.

Based on the foregoing and to assess the overflow threshold as one of the elements that serve to intensify the clarification process, the authors propose a relationship between the height of the overflow threshold (H ₁ ) and the height of the cooking pool to the overflow threshold (H ₂ ) in the form of a ratio obtained experimentally: H ₁ / H ₂ = 0.4-0.55. If we take the ratio limit less, then the threshold will not serve as an intensifier for the bubbling of the glass melt, since there will be too much glass layer above it and well-formed convective flows will take place.

If we accept the ratio limit more, the threshold will “burn strongly” and, since there will be an insignificant layer of molten glass above it, its service life will be sharply reduced.

A specific example of pilot industrial cooking with a specific ratio of the claimed elements and the resulting positive effect are presented in the table

Glass furnace operation

The mixture through the loading pocket 6 enters the cooking pool 1. In the cooking pool of the glass melting furnace there is a threshold 2, which provides heating of the mixture “from below” in the area of the loading pocket, has an intensifying effect on the process of bubbling glass.

The mechanism of these processes is as follows: the threshold, as a rule, is 500–700 mm high and delays the lower layer of the lower branch of the production cycle. The lower layers of this branch are cooled and heavily contaminated, as they are bottom layers. From the literature data (II Kitaigorodsky. Glass technology) it is known that the temperature difference between the upper and lower layers in furnaces with a traditional pool design is from 100 to 200 ° C. In this regard, the ingress of such chilled glass under the charge into the region of the upper branch of the powder cycle is highly undesirable. The threshold, the construction of which we have envisaged, copes with this task. In addition, the threshold partially helps to “clarify” the molten glass, as it lifts the molten glass “up”, and therefore facilitates the process of isolating gas inclusions. This process will occur especially intensively in cases where the threshold height is maximum and the depth of the glassmaking basin does not exceed 1100-1200 mm, i.e. above the threshold, the pool depth will be no more than 400 mm and the movement of the glass melt above the threshold will be direct-flow. However, in the case when the pool depth above the threshold will exceed a depth of 400 mm, i.e. direct flow conditions of the glass melt, the process of bubbling the glass melt will be somewhat intensified. This circumstance is explained by the fact that the threshold area is relatively small and, after the glass melt is raised upward, a sufficiently intense convective heat flow does not have time to form.

It was established that the optimal dimensions of the threshold height, as an intensifier of the process of bubbling glass, are due to the ratio: H ₁ / H ₂ = 0.63-0.46, where H ₁ is the height of the overflow threshold; N ₂ - the height of the basin of the glass melting furnace.

The welded and clarified glass melt through the duct 4 enters the mine 5.

The intensive glassmaking process is greatly facilitated by the optimally selected gas-flame space of the glass melting furnace 8 and the nozzles of the regenerators 9, interconnected by the ratio: V ₁ / V ₂ = 0.65-1.1, where V ₁ is the volume of the gas-flame space; V ₂ - the volume of nozzles of regenerators.

Only such regenerators 9 and only such a volume of gas-flame space, which are interconnected by the above ratio, provide the necessary temperature of the air supplied to the combustion and the maximum heat transfer of the exhaust flue gases, which in turn intensifies the course of all glass melting processes in the furnace. The combustion process in the furnace is supported by burners 7. Evacuation of gases is carried out in the usual way, through regenerators 9.

Claims (1)

Glass melting furnace, including the gas-flame space of the glass-melting furnace, regenerators of the glass-melting furnace, overflow threshold, the cooking basin of the glass-melting furnace, characterized in that the volume of the gas-flame space of the glass-melting furnace (V ₁ ) and the volume of nozzles of the regenerators (V ₂ ) are connected by the ratio V ₁ / V ₂ = 0.65-1.1, and the height of the overflow threshold (H ₁ ) refers to the height of the cooking pool to the overflow threshold (H ₂ ) as H ₁ / H ₂ = 0.63-0.46.