RU2288989C1 - Fish protective facility of diversion facility - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: hydraulic engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to facilities designed to prevent getting of young fish into diversion. Proposed fish protective facility contains water intake pipe arranged horizontally, with suction hole I direction of water flow, suction head made up of coaxially installed different diameter rings, each smaller diameter ring being nested inside larger diameter ring with displacement of its end face part along axis of water intake pipe in direction of water flow, suction holes formed in space between outer surface of smaller diameter rings and inner surface of larger diameter rings, device for preliminary retaining of young fish and trash made over suction head in form of stream-forming heads. Rings are installed with decrease of width of suction holes in direction to top of suction head. Stream-forming heads are arranged over outer perimeter of water intake pipe, are connected with dispensing manifold and are pointed by outlet holes to top of suction head. End face part of smallest diameter ring pointed in direction of flow is blanked.

EFFECT: provision of powerful trash-and-fish diverting flow, prevention of getting of young fish into suction head, provision of uniform specific flows over length of suction head.

9 cl, 11 dwg

Description

The invention relates to hydraulic engineering, in particular to fish protection devices and structures designed to protect juvenile fish from getting into the water intake.

Known fish protection device of the water intake structure [1], including a water intake pipe with a suction hole located horizontally in the watercourse, a suction head coaxially located with it made of several coaxially mounted rings of different diameters, with each ring of a smaller diameter located inside the ring of a larger diameter with offset its end parts along the axis of the intake pipe, suction holes formed in the space between the outer surface of the rings of smaller diameter and in the inner surface of the rings of larger diameter, a means for preliminary detention of juvenile fish and garbage.

The disadvantage of this device is the design complexity and low efficiency of removal of juvenile fish.

Known fish protection device of the water intake structure [2], including a water intake pipe with a suction hole located horizontally in the watercourse, a suction head coaxially arranged with it made of several coaxially mounted rings of different diameters, with each ring of a smaller diameter located inside a ring of a larger diameter with offset its end parts along the axis of the intake pipe, suction holes formed in the space between the outer surface of the rings of smaller diameter and in the inner surface of the rings of larger diameter, a means for preliminary detention of juvenile fish and garbage.

The disadvantage of this device is the low efficiency of removal of juvenile fish.

Known fish protection device of the water intake structure [3], including a water intake pipe with a suction hole located horizontally in the water stream, a suction head coaxially located with it made of several coaxially mounted rings of different diameters, with each ring of a smaller diameter located inside the ring of a larger diameter with offset its end parts along the axis of the intake pipe, suction holes formed in the space between the outer surface of the rings of smaller diameter and in the inner surface of the rings of larger diameter, a means for preliminary detention of juvenile fish and garbage.

The disadvantage of this device is the low efficiency of removal of juvenile fish.

Known fish protection device of an intake structure [4], including a water intake pipe with a suction hole located horizontally in a watercourse, a suction head coaxially located with it, made of several coaxially mounted equal-sized confusers of different diameters, with each smaller diameter confuser located inside a larger diameter confuser with an offset its end part along the axis of the intake pipe, suction holes formed in the space between the outer surface of the conf patterns of smaller diameter and the inner surface of larger diameter confusers, a means for removing young fish and garbage.

The disadvantage of this device is the low efficiency of removal of juvenile fish.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved result is a fish protection device of the water intake structure [5], including a water intake pipe located horizontally with a suction hole facing in the direction of the watercourse flow, a suction head coaxially arranged with it made of several coaxially mounted rings of different diameters, with in this case, each ring of smaller diameter is located inside the ring of larger diameter with the displacement of its end part along the axis of the intake pipe along systematic way current flow, the suction holes formed in the space between the outer surface of the smaller-diameter ring and the internal surface of large diameter rings, means for provisional detention juvenile fish and debris formed above the suction head part.

The disadvantage of this device is the low efficiency of fish protection.

The aim of the invention is to increase the effectiveness of fish protection.

The invention consists in the following.

According to claim 1 of the claims. The implementation of the means for preliminary detention of juvenile fish and debris in the form of stream-forming nozzles, while the stream-forming nozzles are placed along the outer perimeter of the intake pipe, are connected to the distribution manifold and the outlet openings are oriented to the top of the head, which allows the formation of a powerful garbage-discharge stream and, thereby, to prevent the ingress of juveniles fish in the suction head.

The implementation of the rings installed with a decrease in the width of the suction holes in the direction of the top of the suction head, allows for uniform selection of the suction flow, while regulating the flow of uniform specific costs along the length of the suction head.

The execution of the end part of the ring with the smallest diameter, facing in the direction of flow, damped, allows you to form the top of the head.

According to claim 2 of the claims. Performing perforation holes uniformly distributed around its perimeter on the outer surface of the distributor manifold allows creating maximum hydraulic resistance to the transit flow, as well as forming the external boundaries of the drift flow with the trajectory as far away as possible from the ring surface. In addition, the jets from the holes of the perforations already at the preliminary stage allow you to remove the young fish from the zone of influence of the suction head.

According to claim 3 of the claims. The execution of the axes of the perforation holes located in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the head is a special case of their structural solution. This arrangement allows you to create maximum hydraulic resistance to the transit flow, as well as to form the external boundaries of the drift flow with the maximum distance from the surface of the rings, the path.

According to claim 4 of the claims. The option, when the axis of the perforation holes are located at an acute angle to the axis of the head, while their outlet holes are oriented in the direction of the flow of the watercourse, also allows you to form the external boundaries of the drift stream and remove young fish along the ring surface.

According to claim 5, claims. The implementation of perforation holes located in longitudinal planes passing in the middle between the planes in which the flow-forming nozzles are located, allows to form a denser hydraulic screen, as well as to increase the efficiency of removal of juvenile fish.

According to claim 6, claims. The implementation of the fairing tip at the top makes it possible to improve the flow conditions around the transit stream and prevent the formation of a whirlpool zone where the accumulation of young fish that are rolling down is possible.

According to claims 7 and 8 of the claims. The performance of the fairing in the form of a cone or semi-oval shape are special cases of its constructive solution.

According to claim 9, the claims. The implementation of flow-forming nozzles installed at an acute angle to the axis of the head allows you to optimize the process of removal of juvenile fish along the length of the suction head.

The solution to this problem is achieved by creating a new design of a fish protection device for the water intake structure. Graphic material explaining the essence of the invention is presented in the following drawings:

figure 1 - fish protection device, a longitudinal section;

figure 2 is the same, a variant with perforation holes made on the outer surface of the distributing collector and evenly distributed along its perimeter;

figure 3 is the same, a variant with a fairing made semi-oval shape;

4 is a view a in figure 3;

5 is a fish protection device, a longitudinal section, a variant with flow-forming nozzles made at an acute angle to the axis of the head;

6 is a fish protection device, side view, a variant with perforation holes, the axes of which are located in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the head;

7 is a fragment of a distributing collector;

Fig - the same, flow-forming nozzles made at an acute angle to the axis of the tip;

Fig.9 is a fragment of a distributing collector, the axis of the perforation holes made on the outer surface of the distributing collector are located at an acute angle to the axis of the tip;

figure 10 - the same flow-forming nozzles are made at an acute angle to the axis of the tip;

11 is a view of the device from the top of the tip.

The fish protection device of the water intake structure includes a water intake pipe 1 located horizontally with a suction hole facing in the direction of the watercourse flow, a suction head 2 arranged coaxially with it and made of several coaxially mounted rings 3 of different diameters, with each ring 3 of a smaller diameter located inside the ring 3 larger diameter with the displacement of its end part along the axis of the intake pipe 1 in the direction of flow, the suction holes 4 formed in the space between the outer surface of the rings 3 of smaller diameter and the inner surface of the rings 3 of larger diameter, a means for preliminary detention of juvenile fish and debris, made over the suction tip.

The tool for preliminary detention of juvenile fish and garbage is made in the form of flow-forming nozzles 5, rings 3 are installed with a decrease in the width of the suction holes 4 in the direction of the top of the suction head 2, while the flow-forming nozzles 5 are placed on the outer perimeter of the intake pipe 1, connected to the distributing manifold 6 and the outlet holes are oriented to the top of the head, and the end part of the ring 3 with the smallest diameter, facing in the direction of flow, is muffled.

In addition, on the outer surface of the distributing collector 6, perforation holes 7 can be made evenly distributed along its perimeter.

In addition, the axis of the perforation holes 7 can be located in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the head.

In addition, the axis of the perforation holes 7 can be located at an acute angle to the axis of the head, while their outlet openings are oriented in the direction of flow of the watercourse.

In addition, the perforation holes 7 can be located in longitudinal planes extending in the middle between the planes in which the flow forming nozzles 5 are located.

In addition, at the top of the tip can be made fairing 8.

In addition, the fairing 8 can be made in the form of a cone.

In addition, the fairing 8 can be made in the form of a semi-oval shape.

In addition, flow-forming nozzles 5 can be made at an acute angle to the axis of the head.

The rings 3 are fixed by the uprights 9 on the rod 10, mounted coaxially to the tip, inside it.

Fish protection device of the intake works as follows.

In the mode of water intake for consumer needs, the flow of water from the stream flows through the suction holes 4 of the suction head 2 and then through the intake pipe 1 to the suction line of the pump (not shown). Thanks to the flow-forming nozzles 5, the bulk of the juvenile fish and trash are removed from the influence zone of the suction openings 4 of the suction head 2 (Fig. 1), which are transported by a transit stream downstream of the watercourse. A uniform selection of the suction flow rate is ensured by the design of the suction openings 4 - their width decreases to the top of the suction head 2, while the flow rate of the suction head 2 is regulated by the flow rate. The working flow to the flow forming nozzles 5 comes from the distributing manifold 6, which in turn is connected by a supply a pipeline with a pressure line to the pump (not shown).

A variant is possible when perforation holes 7 are uniformly distributed along its perimeter on the outer surface of the distributing collector 6 (FIG. 2), which allows preliminary demolition of the young fish by forming a screen of hydraulic jets around the entire perimeter of the intake pipe 1.

A variant is possible when the axes of the perforation holes 7 are located in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the suction head 2, which is a special case of their structural solution. This arrangement allows you to create maximum hydraulic resistance to the transit flow, as well as to form the external boundaries of the drift flow with the maximum distance from the surface of the rings, the path.

It is possible that the axes of the perforation holes 7 are at an acute angle to the axis of the suction head 2, while their outlet openings are oriented in the direction of the flow of the watercourse 3 (Figs. 3 and 9), which also allows the external boundaries of the drift flow to be formed and young fish to be removed along ring surfaces 3.

A variant is possible when the perforation holes 7 are located in longitudinal planes extending in the middle between the planes in which the flow forming nozzles 5 are located, which makes it possible to form a denser hydraulic screen and also increase the efficiency of removal of juvenile fish.

A variant is possible when a fairing 8 is made at the top of the suction head 2 (FIGS. 2 and 3), which allows to improve the conditions of its flow around the transit stream and prevent the formation of a whirlpool zone, where the accumulation of rolling young fish can occur.

A variant is possible when the flow-forming nozzles 5 are installed at an acute angle to the axis of the suction head 2 (Fig. 5), which makes it possible to optimize the process of removing juvenile fish along its length.

Information sources

1. USSR Copyright Certificate (SU) No. 1703786, Fish Protection Device for Water Intake Facilities, IPC E 02 B 8/08, E 02 B 9/04. Authors: Chistyakov A.A., Shkura V.N., Cherkasov V.A. Publ. BI No. 1, 01/07/92.

2. USSR author's certificate (SU) No. 1767082. Fish protection device for water intake facilities, IPC E 02 B 8/08, E 02 B 9/04. Authors: Chistyakov A.A., Shkura V.N. Publ. BI No. 37, 10.10.92.

3. Patent of the Russian Federation (RU) No. 2055108. Fish protection device for water intake facilities, IPC E 02 B 8/08, E 02 B 9/04. Authors: Chistyakov A.A., Shkura V.N., Publ. 02/27/96.

4. USSR Copyright Certificate (SU) No. 1785547, Fish Protection Device, IPC E 02 B 8/08, E 02 B 9/04. Author: Ivanov A.V. Publ. BI No. 48, 12.30.92.

5. US patent (US) No. 6051131. Flow modifier for submerged intake screen, IPC B 01 D 33/00, Richard C. Maxson, 04/18/2000, fig. 5.

Claims (9)

1. Fish protection device of the water intake structure, including a water intake pipe located horizontally with a suction hole facing in the direction of the watercourse flow, a suction head coaxially located with it made of several coaxially mounted rings of different diameters, with each ring of a smaller diameter located inside a ring of a larger diameter with displacement of its end part along the axis of the intake pipe in the direction of flow, suction openings formed in space Between the outer surface of the rings of smaller diameter and the inner surface of the rings of larger diameter, means for preliminary detention of juvenile fish and debris, made on the suction head, characterized in that the means for preliminary detention of juvenile fish and debris is made in the form of stream-forming nozzles, the rings are installed with decreasing width suction openings in the direction of the top of the suction head, while flow-forming nozzles are placed along the outer perimeter of the intake pipe, is connected s with a distributing manifold and outlet openings are oriented to the top of the head, and the end part of the ring with the smallest diameter, facing in the direction of flow, is muffled. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that on the outer surface of the distributing collector there are perforation holes uniformly distributed along its perimeter. 3. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that the axis of the perforation holes are located in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the tip. 4. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that the axis of the perforation holes are at an acute angle to the axis of the head, while their outlet openings are oriented in the direction of flow of the watercourse. 5. The device according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that the perforation holes are located in longitudinal planes extending in the middle between the planes in which the flow forming nozzles are located. 6. The device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that a fairing is made at the top of the tip. 7. The device according to claim 6, characterized in that the fairing is made in the form of a cone. 8. The device according to claim 6, characterized in that the fairing is made in the form of a semi-oval shape. 9. The device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, 7 and 8, characterized in that the flow-forming nozzles are made at an acute angle to the axis of the head.

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