RU2287759C1 - Self-loading pistol - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: firearm, in particular, construction of self-loading pistols with a fixed barrel.

SUBSTANCE: operation of the automatic system is based on the principle of distribution of the energy of the impulse of force of the recoil of powder gases by a floating slide. The barrel is locked and unlocked by turning of the slide. The hammer-type firing mechanism with superforcing of the firing spring and uncocking of the hammer is made in the form of a module providing for setting of the firing mechanism with the required degree of superforcing or of some other construction. Safety is provided by interlocking of the hammer at an incompletely pressed trigger. The pistol body, control components and the majority of parts are symmetrical. Cartridge cases can be ejected to the right and to the left. The slide stops automatically. Sending of cartridges to the cartridge chamber is under control.

EFFECT: simplified construction and adaptability to manufacture at a conformity to the up-to-date requirements to power, safety, weight, overall dimensions and convenience in use.

19 dwg

Description

The invention relates to firearms, in particular to the design of self-loading pistols with a fixed barrel. The operation of automation is based on the principle of distribution of energy of the impulse of the recoil force of the powder gases by a floating gate. Locking and unlocking the barrel by turning the shutter. USM / trigger mechanism /, of the trigger type with the extension of the mainspring and the trigger is pulled from the cock, is made in the form of a module that provides the installation of the USM with the required degree of additional pressure or other design. Safety is ensured by locking the trigger when the trigger is not fully pressed. The gun body, controls and most parts are symmetrical. The ejection of sleeves is possible to the right or left. Shutter stop is automatic. The dispatch of cartridges is controlled. Number of parts - 21 / including store parts, rear sight, front sight, frame reinforcement and barrel mounting pin /. The invention provides simplicity and manufacturability in accordance with modern requirements for power, safety, weight, dimensions and ease of handling.

The invention relates to firearms, in particular to the design of self-loading pistols with a fixed barrel.

Famous self-loading pistol "Remington" model 51 / Jan Hogg and John Weeks "All pistols of the world", M., "EXMO", 97, p. 240. /. This is a self-loading pistol with a fixed barrel and a movable, relative to the casing, bolt, locking skew. In this case, there is the possibility of some joint withdrawal of the casing and the shutter during the shot. Such a shutter may be called floating.

The disadvantage of the gun is the use for locking the skew of the shutter and the absence of the need for locking in general, because the pistol uses a weak cartridge. A positive property is soft recoil.

Known self-loading pistol / RU 2207479 C2, 02/23/2001, F 41 C 3/00 /. The trigger for the gun is located under the barrel - in front of the store, which eliminates traction and allows you to combine the trigger and trigger mechanisms in the trigger module.

The disadvantages of the pistol are its complexity, a movable barrel, the absence of a plastic handle and the principle of operation of the trigger with preliminary compression of the mainspring.

The objective of the invention is to create a design of a self-loading pistol, consisting of a minimum number of parts and meeting modern requirements for simplicity, manufacturability, power, safety, weight, dimensions and ease of handling.

The problem is solved by the constructive implementation of the mechanisms of the gun with a theoretically minimal number of parts and their location in the most favorable places of construction. Using the most rational method of locking by turning the shutter and using the liner and the chamber as a gas engine. The use as a mechanism for distributing energy of the recoil of powder gases between the mass of the gun and the mass of the inertial engine of automation, which is the casing, of a floating shutter of small mass.

The invention is expressed in the following set of essential features, sufficient to achieve the technical results provided by the invention.

The self-loading pistol contains a frame, a barrel, a shutter-casing, including a casing, a shutter and an ejector, a trigger mounted under the barrel in front of the magazine and including an axis, a trigger with cocking tabs, a trigger and a mainspring, a shutter stop, a magazine latch, and a return spring.

The invention differs from the closest analogue / prototype / the following features:

- the frame includes a handle and fittings;

- the barrel is stationary;

- the casing-shutter is made with a movable shutter;

- USM is mounted on a common axis for the trigger, trigger and mainspring;

- shutter stop is located behind the neck of the store;

- the magazine latch is made with a groove and stops for its spring;

- the box of the store is made with an opening on its rear wall.

The frame is made with the sear of the cocking cock.

The frame is made with guides for the casing and shutter.

The frame handle is made of plastic, and the fittings are made of metal.

The frame is made of metal.

The frame is made of plastic.

The trunk is mounted on the frame rigidly.

The barrel is made with combat stops located on the breech side, a bevel of the initial turn of the shutter and an opening for the hammer-hammer.

The barrel is made with symmetrical grooves for the ejector-latch.

The casing is made with a groove for the shutter, a figured groove with a vertical platform, a groove for disassembly, platoon and uncoupling protrusions and grooves for the guides of the frame.

The shutter is made with combat and locking protrusions.

The shutter is made with a longitudinal groove for the locking protrusion.

The shutter is made with a symmetrical, transverse, through groove, in which the ejector-latch is installed with the possibility of installing it with a tooth in the right or left side, and the latch, respectively, in the left or right.

The trigger is made with an ellipse hole for the axis, with the trigger protrusion and safety stops, and the trigger with the corresponding safety protrusions.

The trigger is made with an ellipse hole for the axis, with a trigger protrusion and uncoupling protrusions.

The cock on the cock has the ability to move backward on the axis.

The cock on a cocked cock has the ability to move forward on the axis.

The trigger is equipped with a fixed hammer.

The trigger is equipped with a movable hammer.

The shutter stop is automatic with shut-off and turn-on protrusions.

The shutter stop is made with a reflective protrusion.

The shutter stop is made with a locking protrusion.

The stop side of the magazine latch facing the store is semicircular in shape and interacts with a longitudinal, semicircular, external groove or recess made on the front wall of the store box.

On the back wall of the store’s box there is an internal groove running from the bottom up to the exit to stop the shutter, and the store feeder is made with a protrusion placed in this groove.

Figure 1 shows a General view of a self-loading pistol; figure 2 is a longitudinal section of a self-loading pistol; figure 3 is a section of the trigger; figure 4 - section bb in figure 2; figure 5 - projection of the barrel, figure 6 - projection of the casing; figure 7 - projection of the shutter with the ejector-latch; on Fig - projection trigger hammer; figure 9 is a projection of the trigger; figure 10 - projection module USM; figure 11 is a section aa in figure 2; on Fig - projection shutter stop; on Fig - projection of the latch store; Fig.14 is a section bB in Fig.2; on Fig - section GG in figure 2; in Fig.16 - trigger with the trigger pulled; on Fig - USM at the time of impact on the capsule; on Fig - USM during the development of the shot; in Fig.19 - self-loading pistol with a casing-shutter to stop the shutter.

The self-loading pistol / Fig. 1/ has a symmetrical body and controls, contains / Fig. 2/ a frame including a handle 10 and reinforcement 9 made of metal or plastic, with an emphasis 22 of the trigger 20, the sear of the combat platoon 23 / Fig. 3 /, guides 24 for the casing 2 and guides 25 for the shutter 5 / Fig. 4/. There are also holes for the ends of the axis 19 of the trigger and the latch 16 of the magazine 12 installed in the well of the handle 10, and recesses for the trunnion 50 of the shutter stop 8.

On the frame is fixed with a pin 21 barrel 4 / Fig. 5/, made with combat stops 26 and the bevel of the initial turn of the shutter 27. At the bottom of the breech section there is an opening 28 for passage of the hammer-hammer 17.

The casing 2/6 / installed on the front side of the barrel 4, and in the rear interacts with its grooves 29 with the guides 24 of the frame. It is made with grooves for installing the front sight 1 and rear sight 7, with a groove 30 for the shutter 5, with a figured groove 31 made with a vertical platform 34 and a groove for disassembly 35, with platoon 32 and uncoupling 33 protrusions.

Placed in the groove 30 of the casing 2, the shutter 5 / Fig. 7/ is made with combat projections 36 extending beyond the combat stops 26 of the barrel 4. Moreover, their supporting surfaces are at a certain distance l from each other. There is also a locking protrusion 37, interacting with a figured groove 31 of the casing 2, a longitudinal groove 38, a through, transverse, symmetrical groove 39 with an ejector-retainer 6 installed in it, which is made in the form of a spring part with a tooth 40 at one end and a retainer / sleeve holder / 41 on the other. In front of the shutter 5 there is a channel 42 for the passage of the hammer drummer 17. It has an exit on the mirror of the shutter 5 slightly below the center of the cartridge capsule.

The trigger 17 / Fig. 8/, the trigger 20 / Fig. 9/ and the mainspring 18 are mounted on a common axis 19 / Fig. 3, 11 /, placed at their ends in the holes of the frame and fixed by the end / ends / mainspring 18 placed in a groove on her body. The trigger 17 and the trigger 20 are a module connected by a combat spring 18/10 /. The trigger 17 is under the influence of one end of the torsion spring 18, is made with an ellipse hole under the axis 19, the trigger tab 43, the platoon protrusions 46, the safety stops 48, along with the hammer, and rests with its combat platoon 45 in the whisper of the combat platoon 23 of the frame, and the trigger 20 is under the influence of the other end of the torsion spring 18, is made with an ellipse hole under the axis 19, the trigger protrusion 44, uncoupling protrusions 47, the safety protrusions 49 and abuts against the frame stop 22. At the same time, its safety protrusions 49 are against the safety stops 48 of the trigger 17 and ensure the impossibility of its displacement back and disruption from the combat platoon 45.

The automatic shutter stop 8 / Fig. 12/ is located in the upper rear part of the frame - behind the neck of the magazine 12 / Fig. 2, 4 / and placed its pins 50 in the recesses on the frame with the possibility of turning them forward. It is made with a disconnecting 51, including 52, fixing 53, reflecting 54 protrusions and an abutment 55. At the same time, the disconnecting protrusion 51 is placed above the neck, and including 52 in the opening 56 of the magazine 12. The locking protrusion 53 is placed in the groove 38 of the shutter 5. Spring shank 57 interacts with the frame, forces the shutter 8 to stop in the direction of shutdown / back / and fixes it on the frame.

The magazine latch 16 / FIG. 13, 14 / is placed with its cylindrical keys in the holes of the frame, made symmetrical with a groove 58, in which its symmetrical spring 15 is placed, abutting with its ends in the recesses on the frame walls and interacting with the stops 59 of the magazine latch 16. The emphasis 60 for the store 12 has a semicircular side facing the store 12, interacting with the outer groove 61 / Fig. 15/ made on the front wall of its box 12. The spring 15 presses the stop 60 to the magazine 12 and fixes the magazine latch 16, making it impossible to laterally shift it to the right or left without compressing the spring 15, as well as the impossibility of its free rotation with the emphasis inside the well, when the magazine 12 is removed.

The box of the magazine 12 is made symmetrical with an internal groove 62 on the back wall, passing from the bottom up to the exit in the opening 56. A protrusion 63 of the feeder 11 is placed in the groove 62. The supply spring 13 rests against the feeder 11 with the upper coil and fixes the magazine cover 14 with the lower one / fig. .2, 15 /.

The return spring 3 is mounted on the barrel 4 and abuts against the front end in the casing 2, and the rear end into the frame.

The proposed gun works as follows.

To load the gun, it is necessary to insert the equipped magazine 12 into the handle 10 until it is latched by the magazine 16, which is first pulled forward and then lowered with its stop 60 against the magazine 12 and rests in the outer groove 61. Then, put the casing 2 back and release: the gun is loaded, his trigger 17 is located on the cocking platoon 45. In this position, the gun is safe, except in the case of a full pull on the trigger 20.

To fire, you must press the trigger 20. At the same time, its safety tabs 49 will come out from the safety stops 48 of the trigger 17, and its trigger tab 44 will press on the trigger protrusion 43 of the trigger 17, which will be shifted by its ellipse hole on the axis 19 and its platoon 45 will fall from the sear of the platoon 23 / Fig.16/. Turning under the action of the mainspring 18, the trigger 17 with its hammer, through the opening 28 of the barrel 4 and the channel 42 of the shutter 5, breaks the igniter capsule. There is a shot /fig.17/.

With the development of a shot, under the influence of powder gases, the bullet begins to move in the barrel 4. At the same time, the sleeve presses on the shutter mirror 5 / Fig. 18/. The shutter 5, together with the casing 2, departs by an amount l, transfers part of the energy of recoil of the powder gases to the casing 2 and rests against the projections 26 of the barrel 4 against the fighting lugs of the barrel 4. Then it transfers its and the rest of the recoil energy to the main mass of the gun. While the casing 2 is rolled back, choosing a free path in conjugation of its figured groove 31 and the locking protrusion 37 of the shutter 5, the bullet leaves the barrel and the pressure in it decreases. The casing 2, being the energy engine of automation, unlocks the shutter 5.

Unlocking and locking the pistol shutter 5 is based on the interaction of the locking protrusion 37 of the shutter 5 with the figured groove 31 of the casing 2. The wedging is eliminated by the fact that the figured groove 31 has a vertical platform 34, which abuts against the locking protrusion 37 as the system moves forward. The initial rotation of the shutter 5 receives from the interaction in the forward position with the bevel 27 of the barrel 4. During the movement of the shutter 5, it is fixed from rotation by the locking protrusion 53 to stop the shutter 8, located in its longitudinal groove 38.

At the same time, cocking of the trigger 17 occurs during the interaction of its cocking protrusions 46 with the cocking protrusions 32 of the casing 2 and uncoupling of the trigger 20, by the interaction of its uncoupling protrusions 47 with the uncoupling protrusions 33 of the casing 2. In this case, the trigger 20 is lowered down with its ellipse hole on the axis 19 and provides the setting of the trigger 17 to the platoon 45.

The casing shutter is rolled back to its extreme rear position, compressing the return spring 3. The firing sleeve hits the reflecting protrusion 54 of stopping the shutter 8 and is thrown out, in this case to the right. In this case, the grooves 29 of the casing 2 come off the guides 24 of the frame, but the casing 2 does not separate because the combat protrusions 36 of the shutter 5 extend beyond the guides 25 of the frame.

Under the influence of the return spring 3, the casing-shutter returns to the forward position, the next cartridge is controlled in a controlled fashion, and the shutter 5 rotates, locking the barrel with a gap l. The trigger 20 with its uncoupling protrusions 47 comes out from under the uncoupling protrusions 33 of the casing 2, but cannot rise up, since it rests with its trigger protrusion 44 against the trigger protrusion 43 of the cocked trigger 17. To produce the next shot, release the trigger 20 and press it again .

In the absence of cartridges in the magazine, the rolled shutter-casing releases the feeder 11 of the magazine 12, which, under the influence of the supply spring 13 rises and with its protrusion 63 acts on the turning protrusion 52 of stopping the shutter 8 and rotates it forward, while its emphasis 55 rises. The shutter casing, having passed a certain distance forward, stops, resting against a stop 55 of shutter stop 8. It is impossible to close the shutter casing with the empty magazine 12 installed. It is necessary to remove the magazine 12 and, pulling the casing shutter back, release / Fig. 19/. The released stop of the shutter 8, under the action of the spring liner 57, is turned back and the stop 55 is lowered.

To remove the magazine 12, you must press one of the keys of the latch magazine 16. When the applied force reaches the maximum required value, it moves in the transverse direction. The amount of displacement, in this position of the magazine latch 16, is limited by the frame against which the abutment 60 abuts. In this case, its spring 15 is compressed and the abutment 60 pressed by it extends into the groove 61 and out of the abutment of the magazine 12. Under the action of the supply spring 13, the magazine 12 falls out from handle 10.

When installing equipped with at least one cartridge, magazine 12, the cartridge presses the shut-off protrusion 51 stop shutter 8, it turns back, releasing the casing-shutter. However, he turns only when his inclusion ledge 52 is aligned with the opening 56 in the box of the store 12, and, therefore, the store will be completely completed.

For incomplete disassembly, the magazine is removed, the shutter-casing is retracted back, with a finger, through the extraction window, the shutter is forced to turn left. When the locking protrusion 53 to stop the shutter 8 is aligned with the transverse groove 39 of the shutter 5, it rotates a small angle and its locking protrusion 37 is against the groove for disassembling 35 of the casing 2, the combat protrusion 36 of the shutter 5 abuts against the disconnecting protrusion 51 of the shutter 8. The casing 2 continues to move back until its grooves 29 off the guides 24 of the frame. The casing-shutter is separated from the frame by an up-forward movement. The shutter 5 is separated from the casing 2, the return spring 3 is removed from the barrel 4.

When completely disassembled, by turning the stop 60 into the well and withdrawing one key from the hole in the frame, the magazine latch 16 is released with the spring 15, which is detached. The axis 19 is pushed out and the trigger is detached, then disassembled by separating the mainspring 18. With some effort, the stop of the shutter is removed 8. The ejector-retainer 6 is separated from the shutter 5.

Security is provided by:

- the impossibility of a random shot, since the trigger 17 is locked on the cocking platoon 45 with the trigger 20 not pressed, and in the event of a breakdown, it is pressed, under the influence of the mainspring 18, with the back of the cocking platoon 45 to the side of the whisper of the military platoon 23. When the trigger 20 is fully pressed the trigger 17 begins to rotate not relative to the axis 19, on which it is displaced by an ellipse hole, and relative to the trigger protrusion 44 of the trigger 20 and the side of the whisper of the combat platoon 23 does not touch. Further, he encounters a trigger 20 that is not pressed or moving towards him, which at the same time absorbs most of the energy, being displaced by its ellipse hole on the axis 19 and resting against the uncoupling protrusions 47 in the frame. In this case, the trigger has a large mass, and can return the absorbed energy only through the mainspring 18;

- the impossibility of an accidental shot when the casing 2 is not reached in the extreme forward position, provided by the uncoupling protrusions 33 of the casing 2;

- the impossibility of a shot when a pistol falls.

Thus, the invention in comparison with the prototype provides greater simplicity, manufacturability, power, safety, ease of handling and smaller weight and dimensions.

Claims (24)

1. Self-loading pistol containing a frame, a barrel, a casing-shutter, including a casing, a shutter and an ejector-latch, a trigger mechanism installed under the barrel in front of the magazine and including an axis, a trigger with cocking protrusions, a trigger and a combat spring, shutter stop , magazine latch, magazine, return spring, characterized in that the frame includes a handle and armature, the barrel is fixed, the bolt is movable, the trigger mechanism is mounted on a common axis for the trigger, trigger and mainspring, os ANTONOV shutter is located behind the throat store magazine catch is formed with a groove and it stops for the spring store box is provided with an opening at its rear wall. 2. The gun according to claim 1, characterized in that the frame is made with the sear of the cocking cock. 3. The gun according to claim 1, characterized in that the frame is made with guides for the casing and the shutter. 4. The gun according to claim 1, characterized in that the frame handle is made of plastic, and the armature is made of metal. 5. The gun according to claim 1, characterized in that the frame is made of metal. 6. The gun according to claim 1, characterized in that the frame is made of plastic. 7. The gun according to claim 1, characterized in that the barrel is mounted on the frame rigidly. 8. The gun according to claim 1, characterized in that the barrel is made with battle lugs located on the breech side, the bevel of the initial turn of the shutter and the opening for the trigger. 9. The gun according to claim 1, characterized in that the barrel is made with symmetrical grooves for the ejector-retainer. 10. The gun according to claim 1, characterized in that the casing is made with a groove for the shutter, a curly groove with a vertical platform, a groove for disassembly, grooves for the frame guides, platoon and uncoupling protrusions. 11. The gun according to claim 1, characterized in that the bolt is made with combat and locking protrusions. 12. The gun according to claim 1, characterized in that the shutter is made with a longitudinal groove for the locking protrusion. 13. The gun according to claim 1, characterized in that the shutter is made with a symmetrical transverse through groove in which the ejector-latch with a tooth is installed in the right or left side, and the latch is respectively in the left or right. 14. The gun according to claim 1, characterized in that the trigger is made with an ellipse hole under the axis, with a trigger protrusion and safety stops, and a trigger with the corresponding safety protrusions. 15. The gun according to claim 1, characterized in that the trigger is made with an ellipse hole under the axis, with a trigger protrusion and uncoupling protrusions. 16. The gun according to claim 1, characterized in that the cock on the cocking cock has the ability to move backward on the axis. 17. The gun according to claim 1, characterized in that the trigger on the combat cock has the ability to move forward on the axis. 18. The gun according to claim 1, characterized in that the trigger is equipped with a fixed hammer. 19. The gun according to claim 1, characterized in that the trigger is equipped with a movable hammer, 20. The gun according to claim 1, characterized in that the shutter stop is made automatic with shutting off and turning on the protrusions. 21. The gun according to claim 1, characterized in that the shutter stop is made with a reflective protrusion. 22. The gun according to claim 1, characterized in that the shutter stop is made with a locking protrusion. 23. The gun according to claim 1, characterized in that the stop side of the magazine latch facing the magazine is semicircular in shape and interacts with a longitudinal, semicircular, external groove or recess made on the front wall of the magazine box. 24. The gun according to claim 1, characterized in that on the rear wall of the store there is an internal groove running from the bottom up to the exit to the opening, and the feeder is made with a protrusion placed in this groove.

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