RU2287278C1 - Apparatus for forming and cutting of individual products - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: food-processing industry, in particular, preparing of confectioneries and meat and fish products.

SUBSTANCE: apparatus has casing incorporating control carrier and cutting members located within casing. Cutting members are made in the form of flat petals and mounted in sequentially offset relation with respect to one another in direction of axis within opening, centrally of casing. Petals are disposed on symmetrically arranged pins equally spaced from casing center for rotation in conjunction with pins. Pins are furnished with one-arm levers carrying fingers adapted for cooperation with guiding slots of control carrier. On at least three levers, fingers are made with eccentricity. Offset value of each of said petals is α=β+δ, where β is thickness of petal, δ is space between petals. Apparatus is equipped with mechanism for forced feeding of lubricant into cutting member zone.

EFFECT: wider operational capabilities of apparatus and increased service life of cutting members.

4 cl, 7 dwg

Description

The invention relates to devices for molding a body with a variable cross-section, followed by cutting a single product, for example, from a pasty mass or a pasty shell and filler.

The invention can be used, in particular, in the confectionery industry, the production of meat and fish products.

A device is known for molding and cutting a body consisting of a dough-like shell and a filler, made in the form of a housing carrying a group located around the circumference of the elements, each of which has at least two sliding surfaces. The elements are arranged in such a way that the surface of one element slides over the surface of the neighboring element with the opening and closing of the hole in the center of the device. At the moment when the internal part of the device is fully open, the solution of the elements is sufficient to ensure the passage of a cut cylindrical body through it (1).

A device is known for molding and cutting a body consisting of a shell and a filling, comprising at least three volumetric cutting elements mounted in a circular circumference with a hole in its center, each of the cutting elements has an external sliding surface and two adjacent inner surfaces sliding made with the possibility of moving one, relative to the other, the cutting elements are mounted in the housing with the ability to slide the outer walls along the housing, one of the cutting edges has an opening for filling oil for passive lubrication, a guide groove is made in the housing, and at least one of the cutting elements is equipped with a finger to interact with the guide groove (2).

A disadvantage of the known devices is the complexity of their design, due to the large number of mating structurally complex surfaces of the cutting element, requiring high purity to process them on specialized metal-working equipment to ensure that these surfaces slide relative to each other. In addition, as a result of the friction of the sliding surfaces of the cutting elements against each other, heat is generated, which contributes to the burning of the material being cut and the burning masses stick to the cutting and sliding surfaces, which requires the cessation of the production process for subsequent cleaning of the cutting elements. The absence of forced lubrication of the working surfaces enhances the heating of the surfaces of the cutting elements.

The problem to which the invention is directed is expanding the arsenal of technical means for molding a body with a variable cross-section, followed by cutting off an individual product, for example, from a pasty mass or a pasty shell and filler.

The technical result that can be obtained by carrying out the claimed invention is the creation of a device design for molding a body with a variable cross-section, followed by cutting an individual product, for example, from a pasty mass or a pasty shell and filler, simplifying the design of the cutting elements of the device and, as a result, increasing reliability of the device.

To achieve a technical result in solving the problem in the device for forming and cutting individual products, including a control leash with a guide groove mounted in the housing with the possibility of rotation and cutting elements mounted with the possibility of simultaneous displacement to the center and from the center with the formation of their cutting edges holes in the center and equipped with each finger to interact with the guide groove of the control leash, in the last number of guide grooves is made equal to the number cuddling elements, each made in the form of a flat lobe having a peripheral complex-shaped landing hole, and mounted on axes located symmetrically and equidistant from the center of the housing with the possibility of rotation together with the latter, axes in the longitudinal direction are made with sections of different sections and are equipped with single-arm levers made each with a sophisticated landing hole at one end and a bore under the fingers for interaction with the guide grooves of the control leash on the other to the end, while the fingers mounted in half of the levers are made with eccentricity, the number of petals is chosen equal to an even number, the petals are mounted in pairs formed from opposite to each other, and with a sequential displacement of each pair relative to each other in the direction of the central axis of the body by α = β + δ, where β is the thickness of the lobe, δ is the clearance = 0 ÷ 0.2 mm, and the axes have at least two sections made with complex profiles, the cross section of which coincides with the sections of the landing holes of the petals and levers, and roystvo mechanism provided with forced lubrication in the area of the cutting elements.

The technical result in solving the problem is also achieved due to the fact that the device for forming and cutting individual products is made with six petals and the corresponding number of axles, one-arm levers and guide grooves, and the levers carrying eccentric fingers are placed sequentially one after another in the circumferential direction and a figured groove opposite these levers is made in the housing cover, while the landing holes of the petals and levers and the coincident portions on the axes are tetrahedral and.

In addition, the mechanism for the forced supply of lubricant is made in the form of a pulse dispenser connected to the lubrication channel of the housing of the unit with an oil reservoir.

These features of the claimed invention are essential and interconnected causally with the formation of a combination of essential features sufficient to achieve a technical result.

These distinctive features are new, since their use in the prior art, analogues and prototype was not found, which allows us to characterize the proposed invention according to the criterion of "novelty."

A single set of new essential features with common known essential features allows us to solve the problem - expanding the arsenal of technical means for molding a body with a variable cross-section and then cutting off an individual product, for example, from a pasty mass or pasty shell and filler, which characterizes the proposed technical solution significant differences from the prior art, analogues and prototype.

The essence of the group of the invention is illustrated by drawings, where:

figure 1 - General view of the device;

figure 2 - the nodes of the device during the assembly process;

figure 3 is a section aa of figure 1;

figure 4 - cutting element;

figure 5 - axis of the cutting element;

6 is a diagram of the molding body with a variable cross-section;

Fig.7 is a pneumatic diagram of the pulsed lubrication mechanism.

The device may include at least four identical cutting elements. The number of cutting elements should preferably be between 6 and 12 elements.

The invention is illustrated by a specific example of execution, including six cutting elements, which clearly demonstrates the possibility of achieving this set of essential features of a given technical result.

A device for cutting and forming individual products, in particular consisting of a shell and a filling, is made in the form of a cylindrical body 1 (Fig. 2, 3), having a central bore for passing the cut body 2 and bearing six cutting elements 3-8 (Fig. 1 ÷ 3), each of which is made in the form of a flat petal (Fig. 4), having a cutting edge 9 facing the center and a complex, for example tetrahedral, hole 10, made on the peripheral part of the petal. On the housing 1 in the cylindrical bores mounted axis 11 with equal radial distance from the center of the housing 1 and uniform distribution on the plane of the latter (see figures 1, 2, 3). The axes 11 in the longitudinal direction have sections of different profiles (Fig. 5), at least two of which 12, 13 have a complex profile, for example, in the form of tetrahedral prisms made at some distance from each other, while the profile of section 12 of each of axis 11 is made with a cross section coinciding with the cross section of the hole 10 on each of the petals 3-8. Each of the petals 3-8 is mounted on a section 12 of the corresponding axis 11, while the petals are mounted in groups formed of two opposing petals, respectively 3-4, 5-6, 7-8, with a sequential shift of each group of petals relative to the previous one in the direction the central axis of the housing 1, for example, the petals 5-6 are offset relative to the previous pair 3-4, etc., while the displacement value α of each group of petals is α = β + δ, where β is the thickness of the petal, δ is the gap = 0 ÷ 0.2 mm (figure 3).

On the rear side of the housing 1, a control leash 14 (FIGS. 2, 3) and a cover 15, in which a central hole 16 for passing the cut body 2 and cylindrical bores 17 under the axis 11, are made coaxially with it, is mounted on the housing 1 with the possibility of rotation relative to it under the influence of the lever 18 and has six guiding cylindrical grooves 19.

Between the cover 15 and the leash 14 in sections 13 of the axles 11 mounted one-arm levers 20, 21, the total number of which is equal to the number of cutting elements. Each of the single-arm levers 20 and 21 have, at one end, authentic section 13 of complex-shaped, for example tetrahedral, landing holes 22. Bores are made at the other ends of the single-arm levers 20, 21. Fingers 23 are pressed into the bores of the one-arm levers 20, and fingers 24 made with an eccentricity are rotatably mounted in the bores of the one-arm levers 21. The fingers 23 and 24 interact with their part protruding from the bores with the guide grooves 19 of the control lead 14. The fingers 24 at the ends opposite to the protruding parts interacting with the guide grooves 19 are equipped with nuts 25. The levers 21 and 22 are placed on the housing 1 in series with each other in the circumferential direction.

In the lid 15 opposite the levers 21, a figured groove 26 is made, allowing access to the fingers 24 of the levers 21.

A cover 27 is mounted on the front side of the housing 1, in which a central hole 28 is made for passing the cut body 2 and cylindrical bores 29 under the axis 11.

The adjustment of the position of the cutting edges 9 in each pair of petals 3-8 is carried out by changing the position (rotation) of the fingers 24 installed in the bores of the levers 21 with the stationary position of the lead 14, while the rotation of the fingers 24, which are in interaction with the corresponding grooves 19 of the lead 14, leads to a change in the position of the levers 21 ¹ , 21 ² , 21 ³ and, consequently, the position of the corresponding axes 11, bearing the petals 3, 5, 7, while maintaining the position of the petals 4, 6, 8 specified by the leash 14, which ensures a pairwise closure petals in each of the groups. The adjusted position of the petals of each group is fixed by fixing the position of the fingers 24 relative to the levers 21 ¹ , 21 ² , 21 ^{3 with} nuts 25.

In the housing 1, a bore is made for the channel 30 (Fig. 1) of a forced, for example, pulsed, supply of lubricant to the zone of placement of the petals 3-8. Channel 30 is connected via a pipeline (Fig. 7) to a pulse lubricant metering unit 32, the input channel of which is connected to the oil reservoir 33. The pulse metering unit 32 is controlled by an electric air distributor 34, the input channel of which is connected to the air network through a reducer 35, and the output channel is with the unit of the pulse dispenser 32 and the oil reservoir 33, providing a forced supply of lubricant to the block of the pulse dispenser 32 and, accordingly, through the channel 30 to the zone of placement of the petals 3-8.

Through the same channel 30 can be carried out preventive washing of the area of placement of the cutting elements 3-8.

The device is equipped with a process control system for cutting and shaping a body with a variable cross-section (not shown).

The device operates as follows.

The lever 18 of the leash 14 is in its original position. The petals 3-8 are the most distant from the center of the housing 1 and form their central cutting edge 9 with their cutting edges 9 having a maximum area through which the cut body or the formed body freely passes with a variable cross-section 2.

At the command of the control system, the lever 18 moves, turning the leash 14, while the fingers 23, 24 in contact with the grooves 19 are displaced by turning the one-arm levers 20 and 21, which in turn rotate the axis 11 and, together with them, the petals 3-8 bringing them closer and reducing the area of the hole in the center. With further movement of the petals 3-8, the cross section of the central hexagonal hole decreases, and the body 2 located in the center is compressed. The movement of the cutting edges 9 of the petals 3-8 is performed until the fingers 23, 24 are under the pressure of the leash 14.

Moreover, if the body 2 consists of a dough-like shell and filler, the latter is squeezed out in directions perpendicular to the plane of movement of the cutting petals 3-8, and the shell envelops the filler under the influence of the latter.

In the case when the control system is programmed to cut, the cutting edges 9 of the petals 3-4, 5-6 and 7-8 are closed in pairs, due to which the body 2 is divided into upper and lower parts with respect to the location of the cutting edges 9. Each of the cutting the edges 9 of the petals 3-8 forms a part of the body in its radial section of the conditional plane of the cut. Under the influence of the cutting edges of 9 petals 3-8, the filler is completely enveloped by a shell, the filler is completely covered by this shell, forming the lower part of the body of a rounded shape and at the same time the upper part of the cut workpiece.

In the case when the control system is programmed to form a body with a variable cross-section and then cut an individual product (Fig. 7), the cutting edges 9 of the petals 3-4, 5-6 and 7-8 pairwise approach (extend) by a predetermined distance, due to which the body 2 is divided into upper and lower parts with respect to the location of the cutting edges 9 having transverse dimensions that are different from each other. Each of the cutting edges 9 of the petals 3-8 forms a part of the body with a variable cross section on its radial section of the conditional plane of movement of the petals.

At the end of the cutting or molding cycle of the body with a variable cross-section and subsequent cutting of an individual product, the lever 18 returns to its original position, the fingers 23, 24 under the influence of the grooves 19 move the levers 20, 21 and, accordingly, the axis 11, thereby opening the cutting blades 3-8 and freeing the center of the housing 1 for free passage of the body 2.

In order to avoid sticking of particles of the body 2 and, as a consequence, their burning during cutting or molding of the body with a variable cross-section, lubricant is forcibly supplied to the cavity between the cutting edges 9 of the petals 3-8 through the channel 30, for example, from a pulsed lubricant metering unit 32.

The forced supply of lubricant to the area of the petals 4-9 is designed to lubricate the sliding surfaces of the petals 3-8, which helps to extend their life, avoids the ignition of particles of the material of the body 2 and the burning of these particles to the cutting edges 9.

Any change in the number of cutting elements inevitably entails a change in design that does not affect the essence of the claimed invention.

The claimed invention meets the condition of patentability "industrial applicability", since its implementation is possible using existing means of production using known technological operations.

Information sources

1. US patent No. 4.734.024, A 21 with 11/10.

2. RU, patent No. 2044486, A 21 C 11/10, B 26 D 1/03 (prototype).

Claims (4)

1. Device for forming and cutting individual products, including a control leash with a guide groove mounted in the housing with the possibility of rotation and cutting elements mounted with the possibility of simultaneous displacement to the center and from the center with the formation of holes in the center by their cutting edges and equipped with each finger for interaction with a guide groove of the control leash, characterized in that in the last number of guide grooves is made equal to the number of cutting elements, which are each made in the form a flap petal having a peripheral complex-shaped landing hole, and mounted on axes located symmetrically and equidistant from the center of the housing with the possibility of rotation together with the latter, axes in the longitudinal direction are made with sections of different sections and are equipped with single-arm levers made each with a complex-shaped landing hole at one end and a bore under the fingers for interaction with the guide grooves of the control leash at the other end, while the fingers mounted in half ages are made with eccentricity, the number of petals is chosen equal to an even number, the petals are mounted in pairs formed from opposite to each other, and with a sequential displacement of each pair relative to each other in the direction of the central axis of the body by α = β + δ, where β is the thickness of the petal , δ is the gap = 0 ÷ 0.2 mm, and at the axes, at least two sections are made with complex profiles, the cross section of which coincides with the sections of the landing holes of the petals and levers, and the device is equipped with a forced feed mechanism lubricant in the area of cutting elements. 2. The device for forming and cutting individual products according to claim 1, characterized in that it is made with six petals and the corresponding number of axles, one-arm levers and guide grooves, and the levers carrying eccentric fingers are placed sequentially one after another in the circumferential direction, and a figured groove opposite these levers is made in the housing cover. 3. A device for forming and cutting individual products according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the landing holes of the petals and levers and the coincident sections on the axes are tetrahedral. 4. The device for forming and cutting individual products according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the mechanism for the forced supply of lubricant is made in the form of a pulse dispenser connected to the lubrication channel of the housing of the unit with an oil reservoir.

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