RU2285747C2 - Compound for modification and restoration of metal surfaces - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mechanical engineering; powder metallurgy; forming of silicon-containing layer and restoration of worn metal surfaces.

SUBSTANCE: proposed compound contains the following components, mass-%: polygonal chrysolite, 30; serphophite, 30; unstite, 30; catalyst, 10. Dispersity of mixture is equal to 0.1-25 mcm. Boehmite is used as catalyst.

EFFECT: enhanced compatibility with any oil; enhanced adhesion to oil.

3 cl, 4 ex

Description

The invention relates to mechanical engineering and powder metallurgy and can be used to create a silicon-containing layer and restore worn metal surfaces.

A known composition that is used to extend the life of friction parts during the operation of the mechanisms and is a lubricating oil, metal-containing additives, for example, based on copper or zinc and abrasive particles of aluminum oxide. Particles of metal additives are deposited primarily in the microroughness of the surface, which increases the purity of the processing of friction surfaces. Fine abrasive particles deposited together with metal particles provide increased wear resistance of the applied metal coating / cm. A.S. USSR No. 1668471, from 1991 /.

The disadvantages of this composition are low strength and corrosion resistance obtained with their help of friction surfaces.

The closest in content of components and technical result to the proposed composition, i.e. The prototype is a composition for modifying metals and restoring metal surfaces, containing a finely divided mixture of natural minerals of sickle and catalyst / cm. Russian patent No. 2169208, dated August 31, 2000 /.

The disadvantages of the prototype are: lack of corrosion resistance, fragility of the formed protective coating and, as a consequence of this, low efficiency.

The technical result of the invention is the creation of a composition for the modification and restoration of metal surfaces, which is compatible with any oils, increased adhesion to oil to prevent oil starvation of friction pairs with high running-in efficiency, high strength, wear resistance, corrosion resistance, structure uniformity.

The technical result is achieved according to the invention in that the composition for modifying and restoring metal surfaces contains sickle and a catalyst in the form of a finely divided mixture, while it additionally contains unstit and polygonal chrysotile in the following ratio of components, wt.%:

polygonal chrysotile thirty sickle thirty unst thirty catalyst 10

while the dispersion of the mixture is 0.1-25 μm, and boehmite is used as a catalyst.

The essence of the invention lies in the use of natural minerals of the serpentine group: polygonal chrysotile and unstit (six-layer serpentine) having the same chemical formula Mg ₃ [Si ₂ O ₅ ] (OH) ₄ and distinguished by the multilayer structure of the crystal lattice. These minerals turn out to be more compatible due to the increased activity of their electrons and the ability to change their level inside the crystal lattices during thermal exposure, which affects the structural uniformity and inseparability of the resulting silicon-containing layer, which has a strong bond with the restored friction surface.

Used natural mineral sickle has the formula 2MgO · SiO ₂ · 2H ₂ O and contains water in a bound state, has an extended structure of its crystals. A mandatory component of the sickle is the presence of oxides of rare earth metals, as well as oxides of Mg, Si, Ca, Al, Cu, Cr, Zn. The use of sicklefish enhances intermolecular bonds in the formed protective layer due to the possibility of substitution of atoms of some elements by atoms of other elements in the nodes of the crystal lattices.

The choice of the dispersion of the composition is due to the existing gaps in the friction pairs, as well as the possibility of releasing a certain amount of the water contained in the minerals in a bound state, which affects the maintenance of elevated temperature and pressure in the friction zones during the run-in of the composition, which is necessary for the process of formation of the protective layer.

Used as a catalyst, one of the varieties of natural alumina hydrate - boehmite, purified from impurities, has the formula AlOOH. Boehmite exhibits strong catalytic properties due to the active release of water and the release of Al, which are necessary to create an active medium during the course of the physicochemical process of formation of the protective layer.

The presence of a sufficient amount of water in a bound state not only affects the rate of reactions of formation of the protective layer, but also allows you to get an additional pronounced effect of coking of the piston and oil scraper rings when processing internal combustion engines. The indicated quantitative ratio of the components of the composition is most acceptable both for processing internal combustion engines and other units and mechanisms and does not require any correction for the content of components depending on the type of machined mechanism. The formed protective layer has corrosion resistance, high adhesion to oil, which prevents oil starvation of rubbing surfaces.

The main stages of the manufacture of the composition:

- separate preliminary grinding of minerals to a value of 200-250 microns by known grinding aggregates;

- purification of related impurities and enrichment;

- Separate regrinding of minerals using grinding mills;

- mixing of the components in the indicated percentages;

- filtration or separation of the mixture according to the required dispersion;

- thermal activation of the composition at a temperature of 300-350 degrees C for 30 minutes in order to increase the activation energy of natural minerals;

- mixing the prepared composition with base oil and a thickener.

The resulting mixture of natural minerals is neutral to the effects of any kind of oil, which makes it possible to use it with any base oil. To eliminate the coagulation effect of the obtained finely dispersed composition and for the convenience of its administration when used in various mechanisms and on open friction surfaces, the composition is mixed with base oil thickened to the consistency of greases with a melting point of 65-75 degrees C. The gel-like thickener selected according to the melting temperature provides a gradual, soft and effective effect of the working composition on the friction surfaces to be treated. At the same time, the reduction in running-in and running-in times of such units as an internal combustion engine is up to 40 min. This method is also simple and convenient for long-term storage of the composition without changing its properties.

The invention is illustrated by examples of the use of the composition on automotive machinery with the control of parameters measured by the vacuum diagnostic method.

EXAMPLE 1

The proposed composition was introduced into the standard lubricant through the filler neck of the internal combustion engine GAZ-3110 (Volga) with the following parameters:

Engine - ZMZ-406 gasoline,

Type of oil - semi-synthetic,

Mileage before processing - 80 thousand km

Parameters before processing Cylinder number one 2 3 four Compression 11.5 11.5 11.2 12.0 Full vacuum 0.80 0.86 0.86 0.84 Residual vacuum 0.13 0.15 0.17 0.15 Post Processing Parameters Cylinder number one 2 3 four Compression 13,2 13.5 13.3 13,2 Full vacuum 0.85 0.86 0.86 0.86 Residual vacuum 0.19 0.20 0.20 0.18

At rated rates: full vacuum 0.84-0.86 residual vacuum 0.17-0.20

After a run of 46 thousand km, these parameters remained virtually unchanged.

Example 2

The proposed composition was introduced in the regular lubrication of the car

Nissan Maxima with mileage before processing 320 thousand km

Engine - 6-cylinder, gasoline.

Type of oil - synthetics

Parameters before processing Cylinder number one 2 3 four 5 6 Compression 9.0 11.2 10.0 12.0 9.0 11.5 Full vacuum 0.77 0.83 0.82 0.80 0.78 0.82 Residual vacuum 0.30 0.12 0.24 0.32 0.28 0.12

It can be seen that on the 1st, 4th and 5th cylinders, the compression rings are not only worn out, but also strongly coked.

Post Processing Parameters Cylinder number one 2 3 four 5 6 Compression 14.5 14.8 15.0 15.0 14.8 15.0 Full vacuum 0.84 0.85 0.86 0.86 0.85 0.86 Residual vacuum 0.22 0.21 0.20 0.20 0.21 0.20

At rated rates: full vacuum 0.84-0.86 residual vacuum 0.17-0.20

After 80 thousand km, the indicators practically did not change.

Example 3

The inventive composition was introduced into the standard grease of the KAMAZ-5511 car with a mileage of 554,000 k before processing.

Engine - KAMAZ-740 diesel

Type of oil - mineral

Parameters before processing Cylinder number one 2 3 four 5 6 7 8 Compression 24.0 28.0 30.5 28.0 31.5 30,0 28.5 29.0 Full vacuum 0.78 0.86 0.91 0.89 0.91 0.88 0.87 0.88 Residual vacuum 0.44 0.24 0.20 0.38 0.20 0.10 0.25 0.24 Post Processing Parameters Cylinder number one 2 3 four 5 6 7 8 Compression 31,0 31,0 30,0 31,0 31,0 30,0 31,0 31,0 Full vacuum 0.91 0.91 0.91 0.91 0.91 0.91 0.91 0.91 Residual vacuum 0.16 0.14 0.14 0.14 0.15 0.14 0.15 0.15

At rated rates: full vacuum 0.92-0.94 residual vacuum 0.14-0.16

After a run of 93 thousand km, the readings remained practically unchanged.

From the above examples it is seen that the restoration of the cylinder-piston group occurred almost to nominal sizes, including the coking of the piston rings.

Example 4

Reducers of the rear axles and gearboxes of cars in the garage of the State Civil Defense and Emergencies Ministry of Moscow were also treated with the reagent for the purpose of eliminating wear and significantly increasing their service life. The result of the processing was the elimination of noise caused by wear of the teeth of gears and bearings, as well as a noticeable improvement in driving performance of cars in connection with a decrease in the coefficient of friction.

Using the invention will allow to obtain the following results:

- the formation and build-up on machined friction surfaces of a highly wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant organosilicon homogeneous inseparable protective layer, which ensures the restoration of friction surfaces and an increase in the resource of their work;

- reduction of the coefficient of friction to an abnormally low value;

- the exception of complex technology for repairing mechanisms (for example, repair of a cylinder-piston engine group, elimination of coking of piston rings, wear of cylinder liners, etc.)

- compatibility with all oils;

- high efficiency and reduced running-in time (up to 40 min) of the composition and running-in of aggregates (for example, an internal combustion engine);

- prevention of "oil starvation" of friction pairs due to the formation of a layer with increased adhesion to oil;

- the ability to eliminate the corrosion effects on the friction pairs of non-operating units due to their long-term storage;

- multifunctionality of the use of the composition;

Claims (3)

1. The composition for the modification and restoration of metal surfaces containing sickle and a catalyst in the form of a fine mixture, characterized in that it additionally contains unstit and polygonal chrysotile in the following ratio of components, wt.%: Polygonal Chrysotile thirty Sickle thirty Unstit thirty Catalyst 10. 2. The composition according to claim 1, characterized in that the dispersion of the mixture is 0.1-25 microns. 3. The composition according to claim 1, characterized in that boehmite is used as a catalyst.