RU2278035C1 - Biometric device to control antitheft security system - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transport engineering; security systems.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to devices designed for preventing and revealing unauthorized use or high-jacking of vehicles with biometric system of identification of driver and other persons who are allowed to use the car. Controller of system is made for connection to ignition system and exchange data with electronic modules of security system. Biometric identification unit is provided whose starting input is connected to control output of security system controller. Moreover, proposed device is furnished with teaching device, coincidence circuit whose input is connected to output of biometric identification unit and security system mode setting unit. Multichannel input of mode setting unit is connected to multichannel output of coincidence circuit, and output is connected with mode input of security system controller. Training input of biometric identification unit is connected to output of training device. Biometric identification unit includes scanner, pattern registration unit, pattern storage unit, comparator unit, image registration unit and control unit. Invention makes it possible to form additional protection of car against unauthorized use owing to integration of biometric sensor with units of security system. Invention makes it possible to use advantages of biometric method of identification by finger prints.

EFFECT: improved protection of cars.

5 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the equipment of vehicles (TC), designed to prevent or detect unauthorized use of the vehicle or to prevent theft of the vehicle. The invention, in particular, can be used in immobilizers with a biometric identification system of the vehicle owner and other persons authorized by the vehicle owner to use the vehicle (hereinafter, vehicle users).

As noted in the publication of PC Magazine / Russian Edition, 2004, No. 1, the most common biometric identification technology today is fingerprint identification. According to International Biometrics Group, the share of fingerprint recognition systems is 52% of all biometric systems used in the world. In 2003 alone, sales of such systems amounted to approximately $ 500 million, with a tendency to double this amount each year (www.biometrics.ru).

Automotive security and anti-theft systems are known that use a biometric fingerprint identification system for vehicle users. The following foreign immobilizers with fingerprint identification of fingerprints can be cited as examples of commercial products used for vehicle protection: FCL (www.biometrics-india.com), SecuOn-Auto (www.bioenabletech.com), Identisafe-09 and Retinasafe-18 (http://automobile-security.com).

Currently, this technology is beginning to be applied in Russia. So, on the site www.autoserver.ru it is reported that at the exhibition "Car World" held in April 2005 in St. Petersburg, the company "Laser Systems" (St. Petersburg) introduced the BIOCODE-AUTO-100 car security system, which operates by the principle of biometric identification of the user of the vehicle by fingerprints. The message of the Rosbusinesskonsulting news agency dated February 15, 2005 indicates that in 2005 the said company intends to increase investments in the development of BIOCODE biometric technology by 150%, bringing it up to 20 million rubles.

The BIOCODE-AUTO-100 system (www.biocode.ru) is an immobilizer with a fingerprint optical-electronic sensor. The sensor is installed in the area of the center console of the vehicle or in any other place convenient for the user of the vehicle. After turning on the ignition, the BIOCODE-AUTO-100 system performs a self-test and gives an audible signal, prompting the user of the vehicle to pass a fingerprint examination. In this case, the fingerprint reading time is less than two seconds. The information obtained during reading goes to the processing device and is compared with the list of biometric data of the users of the vehicle. Based on this comparison, the system either allows the engine to start or blocks the engine start circuits, such as the ignition system.

The BIOCODE-AUTO-100 system can store up to 100 fingerprints in memory and provide up to five levels of vehicle protection. If there is no confirmation from a relay at the request of the system, the vehicle’s power circuits are blocked. For service or car repair at service stations, the VALET mode is provided, in which the BIOCODE-AUTO-100 immobilizer can be turned off.

Administration of BIOCODE-AUTO-100 systems is carried out using a conventional personal computer, which is connected using a USB cable.

The BIOCODE-AUTO-100 system also includes special software for training the system. To protect against robbery, when a driver is forced to pass through identification, it is envisaged to record in the system memory not only “ordinary”, but also so-called “disturbing” fingerprints. When you unlock the finger system with an “alarm” fingerprint, the car will start, but after some time the power circuits will be open again, the vehicle will stop and theft will be prevented.

One of the first patent sources describing a security system for vehicles with an optoelectronic biometric sensor, similar to the BIOCODE-AUTO-100 system, is Japanese patent application JP No. 63-041268, 60 R 25/04, E 05 B 49 / 00. The security system described in it contains two fingerprint sensors, the outputs of which are connected to the buffer memory unit, as well as a fingerprint storage unit for the papillary pattern of the fingers of the users of the vehicle and the associated comparison circuit. The comparison scheme is also associated with a buffer memory unit, which receives a few fingerprints. The system also contains a control unit and two interlocking circuits: a door interlock circuit and an ignition interlock circuit. The control input of the control unit is connected to the output of the comparison circuit, the first executive output to the door blocking circuit, and the second executive output to the ignition blocking circuit.

By applying fingers to the first or second fingerprint sensors, the user of the vehicle has the ability to control the locking / unlocking, respectively, of the door and ignition system. If an attacker is in the user's place, the fingerprint sensors do not respond to his fingers and, accordingly, the door and the ignition system remain in a locked state, which provides layered protection of the vehicle from unauthorized use.

To obtain a high-quality image of the papillary pattern of a finger, one has to use rather sophisticated methods for obtaining images. One of these methods is described in another patent source - Japanese patent JP No. 6212842, E 05 In 49/00, 60 R 25/04, E 05 In 17/20, G 06 F 15/62. The said patent provides an immobilizer containing an optoelectronic fingerprint sensor, as well as a recognition unit and a fingerprint memory unit - images of a papillary finger pattern, an image registration unit whose input is connected to the output of the fingerprint sensor, and the output - to the second input memory block of fingerprint samples. The output of the recognition unit is connected to the executive body, for example, to the ignition system.

The fingerprint sensor used in this immobilizer is a so-called FTIR scanner - an optoelectronic device that uses the effect of disturbed total internal reflection (Frustrated Total Internal Reflection). To fix the resulting image of the surface of the finger, a light source and a special camera are used, for example, on a charge-coupled device.

As noted in the aforementioned review in PC Magazine / Russian Edition, 2004, No. 1, the disadvantages of optoelectronic fingerprint sensors, which also cause the disadvantages of the immobilizers described above, are:

- large dimensions and complexity of the optical system;

- the associated relatively high cost of a fingerprint system;

- low imitation resistance to dummies and "dead" fingers.

In addition, the following must be kept in mind:

- the openness of the fingerprint sensor installation in the vehicle cabin indicates the presence of anti-theft equipment in the vehicle and provokes an intruder into the vehicle cabin for violent actions in order to force the user of the vehicle to go through the identification and disable the anti-theft system;

- the aforementioned anti-theft systems have limited functionality, which is limited only to engine blocking and does not affect other possible modes of operation of the vehicle’s electronic equipment, for example, the ability to control an alarm system, connect to a satellite radio search system and some other features.

A more promising technical solution in this regard is the vehicle integrated security system according to patent RU No. 2249514, B 60 R 25/00, G 08 B 13/00, which also uses a biometric identification unit as one of the boundaries for protecting the vehicle against unauthorized use.

The specified system contains standard electronic modules, some of which are connected with the functional organs of the TS and configured to determine the status of these functional organs and manage them, sequentially connected to the local information network controller connected to the multiplex bus, a controller-converter of the data exchange protocol, and a transceiver, for example, a terminal cellular mobile communications network, security and anti-theft subsystem containing a security and anti-theft controller connected to the multiplex bus subsystem, electronic modules of the security and anti-theft subsystem, each of which is connected with the corresponding functional body of the TS to ensure protection and protection against unauthorized exposure, and a radio frequency identification unit associated with the controller of the security and anti-theft subsystem, a unit for detecting deviations of controlled parameters and a unit for detecting deviations monitored parameters, the first input of which is connected to the multiplex bus, the second input is to the output of the controller of the local information network and the output goes to the input of the controller-converter of the data exchange protocol and to the first input of the unit for recording deviations of controlled parameters, the second input of which is connected to the multiplex bus, while the standard electronic modules - each through its own interface - are connected to the multiplex bus, which is also connected - each through its own interface of the security and anti-theft subsystem - electronic modules of the security and anti-theft subsystem. In addition, the specified system contains an optical-electronic sensor, and the anti-theft alarm system includes a biometric identification unit, while the optical-electronic sensor is connected to the multiplex bus, and the anti-theft alarm controller is configured to process biometric data and is connected to an additional input to the output of the biometric identification block.

The biometric identification block used in the indicated system contains a frame storage unit and a registration unit, a video processor, a buffer memory unit and a comparison unit connected in series to the second input of which the output of the frame storage unit is connected, the control input of which is connected to the input of the registration unit, and the information input contains the input of the comparison unit, the output of which is the output of the biometric identification unit, the input of which is the input of the registration unit.

The vehicle safety system described above is selected as a prototype of the present invention.

The disadvantages of the prototype system are the high cost and the ability to install only on those models of vehicles that are equipped with a common multiplex bus. As a rule, these are expensive models of vehicles of foreign manufacture. The high cost of the system is also due to the use in the biometric identification unit of an expensive high-performance video processor with sophisticated mathematical software that is necessary to obtain sufficiently high probabilistic recognition characteristics (for example, Obzor. Kondratyev DR "Biometric devices for access control systems", part 2 , "Security Systems", February-March 2004, p. 58-63).

The present invention is directed to addressing the above disadvantages of the prototype system.

The subject of the invention is a biometric device for controlling a security and anti-theft system, comprising a security and anti-theft system controller, configured to connect its trigger input to the ignition system and trigger outputs to electronic modules of the security and anti-theft system, and a biometric identification unit, the trigger input of which is connected to the control output of the controller of the anti-theft alarm system, as well as the device includes a training device, a coincidence circuit, the input of which the ohm is connected to the output of the biometric identification unit, and the unit for setting the operating modes of the anti-theft alarm system, the multi-channel input of which is connected to the multi-channel output of the coincidence circuit, and the output is connected to the mode input of the controller of the anti-theft system, while the training input of the biometric identification unit is connected to the output a training device configured to introduce one of the special training programs.

Particular features of the invention are as follows.

The biometric identification unit contains an image registration unit, a scanner, serially connected sample registration unit, a sample storage unit and a comparison unit, the output of which is the output of the biometric identification unit, as well as a control unit whose input is the start input of the biometric identification unit, and the first output is connected to the first input of the sample registration unit, the second input of which is the training input of the biometric identification unit, and the third input is connected to the first output at the image registration unit, the second output of which is connected to the second input of the comparison unit, the first input is connected to the output of the scanner, and the second input to the second output of the control unit.

The biometric identification unit is made with the possibility of secretive installation in the vehicle interior.

The training device is a personal computer equipped with a training program.

The scanner used in the biometric identification unit is a capacitive type semiconductor scanner built on high-speed complementary metal oxide semiconductor integrated circuits (CMOS ICs) that form a CMOS matrix.

The objective of the present invention is to provide a relatively inexpensive biometric device for controlling an anti-theft alarm system, suitable for installation on both expensive elite class TC models and domestic business class TC models, which are usually not equipped with a multiplex control bus.

The ensured technical result consists in the formation of an additional line of protection against unauthorized use of the vehicle due to the integration of the biometric sensor with the units of the security and anti-theft system. This allows you to use the advantages of the biometric fingerprint identification method to increase the degree of protection of the vehicle, including when threatened by violent actions by intruders in order to force the user of the vehicle to authenticate.

The invention is illustrated in figures 1 and 2.

Figure 1 presents the structural diagram of the proposed biometric device for controlling the security and anti-theft system. Figure 2 shows a block diagram of a biometric identification unit.

In figures 1 and 2, the following notation is used: 1 - block biometric identification; 2 - scanner; 3 - image registration unit; 4 - block storage of samples; 5 - block comparison; 6 - block registration samples; 7 - a training device; 8 - controller anti-theft system; 9 - control unit; 10 is a coincidence diagram; 11 - unit for setting the operating modes of the security and anti-theft system.

The proposed biometric device for controlling the security and anti-theft system contains a biometric identification unit 1, the starting input of which is connected to the control output of the controller 8 of the security and anti-theft system, configured to connect the start input to the ignition system, and the launch outputs to electronic modules of the security and anti-theft system . The structure of the proposed device also includes a coincidence circuit 10, the input of which is connected to the output of the biometric identification unit 1, and a block 11 for setting the operating modes of the anti-theft alarm system, the multi-channel input of which is connected to the multi-channel output of the coincidence circuit 10, and the output is connected to the mode input of the controller 8 security and anti-theft system.

The biometric identification unit 1 comprises an image registration unit 3, a scanner 2, as well as series-connected sample registration unit 6, a sample storage unit 4 and a comparison unit 5, the output of which is the output of the biometric identification unit 1. The composition of the block 1 of the biometric identification also includes a control unit 9, the input of which is the starting input of the block 1 of the biometric identification, and the first output is connected to the first input of the block 6 of registration of samples. The second input of the sample registration unit 6 is the training input of the biometric identification unit, and the third input is connected to the first output of the image registration unit 3. The second output of the image recording unit 3 is connected to the second input of the comparison unit 5, the first input is connected to the output of the scanner 2, and the second input is connected to the second output of the control unit 9.

Presented in figure 2, the construction diagram of the block 1 of the biometric identification is well known. It is used in almost all biometric systems using fingerprint identification, including the aforementioned car security system according to Japanese application JP No. 63-041268, 60 R 25/00, E 05 B 49/00, in the BIOCODE-AUTO immobilizer -100 (www.biocode.ru) and in a number of other systems. The differences are only in the number, physical principles of operation and the type of scanners used in the system 2.

Block 1 biometric identification is made with the possibility of secretive installation in the vehicle.

The training device 7 is a personal computer equipped with a training program.

The prototypes of the considered biometric device for controlling the anti-theft alarm system created at the applicant enterprise used a scanner 2 built on high-speed CMOS ICs that form a matrix, the surface of which serves to be touched with a finger. When creating these prototypes, a relatively inexpensive and commercially available specialized TFM (Touch Chip Trusted Fingerprint Module) module from UPEK was used, which has the following main characteristics:

- resolution - 500 pixels per inch (dpi);

- scanning speed of 15 frames per second;

- physical matrix size 12.8 × 18.0 mm;

- image size 256 × 360 pixels;

- supply voltage 4.5 ÷ 5.5 V;

- operating temperature range from minus 20 to plus 50 ° C.

CMOS ICs are a family of logic circuits in which pairs of complementary MOSFETs (CMOS transistors) are used to implement the basic logic functions, one is p-channel and the other is n-channel. In the TFM module, these CMOS transistors form a matrix that allows you to get a two-dimensional image.

A match pattern 10 is a standard functional unit of computing systems.

The unit 11 for setting the operating modes of the anti-theft alarm system and the controller 8 of the anti-theft alarm system are used in almost all elite class automobile security and anti-theft systems (BLACK BUG SUPER, BLACK BUG PLUS) and business class (REEF) that are serially produced by the applicant company. Their schemes and main technical characteristics are given on the website www.altonika.ru and in the catalog "Automotive Security Systems", LLC "Altonika", 2003.

Thus, the possibility of practical implementation of the proposed technical solution is not in doubt.

Consider the operation of the claimed biometric device for controlling the security and anti-theft system.

First, we explain the general principles of biometric fingerprint identification.

The scanner 2 installed in the block 1 of biometric identification identifies the surface of the finger.

As is known (V. Zadorozhny. "Fingerprint Identification", PC Magazine / Russian Edition, 2004, No. 1), according to the physical principles used, all existing fingerprint scanners can be divided into optical, semiconductor and ultrasound scanners.

In this embodiment, the practical implementation of the invention in block 1 of the biometric identification used the above semiconductor scanner 2 capacitive type CMOS IC. The basis of his work is the feature of semiconductors to change their properties in places of contact with the crests of the papillary pattern of the finger. Upon contact of the crest of the papillary pattern with an element of the semiconductor matrix on the surface of the scanner 2, the capacitance of the pn junction of this element changes. When applying the surface of the finger to the surface of the scanner 2 between each element of the semiconductor matrix and the protrusion-depression of the papillary pattern is formed microcapacitor of a certain capacity. The value of the indicated capacity is determined by the distance between the surface of the finger and this element. The matrix of these microcapacitors is a two-dimensional capacitive image of the fingerprint on the sensitive surface of the scanner 2. When scanning, this two-dimensional capacitive image of the fingerprint is converted into an image signal. This image signal is transmitted to the image registration unit 3, where it is converted to digital form and fixed as a frame in the current memory of the specified image registration unit 3.

The higher the quality of the digital fingerprint image obtained from the scanner 2, the more it is possible to highlight certain characteristic features in this image, which can be further used to identify the fingerprint.

So already at a resolution of a digital image of 500 dpi, a fairly large number of small details of the papillary pattern can be distinguished in this image. As a rule, two types of details of a papillary pattern (singular points) are used for identification:

- end points (at which the papillary lines end);

- branch points (at which the papillary lines are bifurcated).

Next, a sequential comparison of the frame of the finger papillary pattern (located in the current memory of the image recording unit 3) is carried out with the samples stored in the sample storage unit 4. Comparison algorithms may be different.

In the considered biometric device for controlling the anti-theft alarm system, the following classes of algorithms can be used:

1. Correlation comparison, in which the digital image of the papillary pattern obtained by the scanner 2 and the sample are superimposed on each other and the mutual correlation function between the corresponding pixels is calculated. This operation is performed repeatedly for various offsets and rotations of the compared image frames relative to each other. The normalized value of the correlation response is an indicator of the degree of identity of the two compared images. Exceeding the specified normalized value of the correlation response of a given threshold indicates the identity of the obtained fingerprint and a reference fingerprint.

2. Comparison of singular points, in which a template is formed on one or more fingerprint images from scanner 2, which is a two-dimensional surface on which end points and branch points are highlighted. When comparing, these points are also highlighted in the current image. The map of these points is compared with the template and the number of matching points makes a decision about the identity of the prints. The algorithms of this class also use correlation comparison mechanisms, but when comparing each of the pair of points supposedly corresponding to each other. Due to the simplicity of implementation and speed of operation, algorithms of this class are the most common. The only significant drawback of this comparison method is the rather high requirements for the quality of the resulting image (at least 500 dpi).

3. Comparison of the pattern, in which the structural features of the papillary pattern on the surface of the fingers are directly used. The fingerprint image obtained from the scanner 2 is divided into many small cells. The location of the lines in each cell is described by the parameters of a certain sinusoidal wave. The parameters of the wave representations of the corresponding cells of the scanned image and the samples are compared with each other and the maximum coincidence of the indicated parameters determines the identity of the obtained image and the sample.

To implement one of the above comparison algorithms, a frame of a papillary finger pattern recorded in the current memory of the image registration unit 3 is supplied to one of the inputs of the comparison unit 5, the other input of which receives frames of samples stored in the corresponding memory cells of the unit 4 for storing samples.

Recording of these samples is carried out previously using the block 6 registration of samples, which is connected to the training device 7, for example to a personal computer (laptop) using a USB cable. A special training program installed in a personal computer implements a predetermined algorithm for registering samples of a finger papillary pattern. The indicated algorithm, hereinafter, for brevity, will be called "prescribing" the fingers. An algorithm for deleting “registered” fingers from memory by the same analogy will be called “erasing” of fingers.

The work of the considered biometric device for controlling the security and anti-theft system is divided into two stages:

- training;

- identification.

At the training stage, when the sample registration unit 6 is connected to the training device 7, the required parameters of the training program that implements the specified learning algorithm for this security and anti-theft system are set using the keyboard or trackball, and fingers are entered into the sample storage unit 4.

As an example, we consider the main parameters of a training program implemented in a prototype of a biometric device for controlling the BLACK BUG BT-71S security and anti-theft system developed by the applicant enterprise.

In block 1 of the biometric identification, up to four fingers of the main user of the vehicle, for example, the owner of the vehicle, and up to six fingers of users of the vehicle, which are considered non-primary, for example, relatives of the owner of the vehicle, can be “registered”. In this case, the following options for prescribing fingers are possible:

- the fingerprint of the “working” finger (F1) of the vehicle owner - for ordinary trips;

- second fingerprint (F2) of the vehicle owner - for a trip with sending an alarm message via the GSM channel in case of robbery of the vehicle and forcing the vehicle owner to identify;

- third fingerprint (F3) of the vehicle owner - to turn off the security and anti-theft system (VALET mode), for example, to repair the vehicle at the vehicle maintenance station, as well as to re-enable the security and anti-theft system upon completion of vehicle repair;

- fourth fingerprint (F4) of the vehicle owner - for “prescribing" and "erasing" the fingerprints of vehicle users.

In the prototype of a biometric device for controlling an anti-theft alarm system performed at the applicant enterprise, in addition to the vehicle owner, two fingers of each of the three vehicle users can be “registered”. At the same time, for each vehicle user, a “working” finger corresponding to a normal trip (D11, D21, D31) and a second finger corresponding to a trip with the transmission of an alarm message via GSM channel (D12, D22, D32) can be “registered”.

Accordingly, ten memory cells corresponding to the following fingerprint entries are provided in the memory of the sample storage unit 4:

- the owner of the vehicle, the first finger of F1 - "working";

- vehicle owner, second finger F2 - for trips with the sending of an alarm message;

- vehicle owner, third finger F3 - to switch to VALET mode and to exit this mode;

- the owner of the vehicle, the fourth finger F4 - for "prescribing" and "erasing" the fingerprints of users of the vehicle;

- the first user of the vehicle, the first finger D11 - "working";

- the first user of the vehicle, the second finger D12 - for trips with the sending of an alarm message;

- the second user of the vehicle, the first finger D21 - "working";

- the second user of the vehicle, the second finger D22 - for trips with the sending of an alarm message;

- the third user of the vehicle, the first finger D31 - "working";

- third user of the vehicle, second finger D32 - for trips with the sending of an alarm message.

In total, up to ten fingers can be “registered” (four fingers of the vehicle owner - in training mode - and two fingers of three users of the vehicle - in identification mode).

In the considered embodiment of constructing a biometric device for controlling an anti-theft alarm system, the following possibilities are also provided for “erasing” fingerprints of vehicle users.

So, to "erase" the fingers of the first user of the vehicle, the owner of the vehicle first "prescribes" his fourth finger F4, then the "working" finger F1 and, finally, again the fourth finger F4 (combination F4-F1-F4). To "erase" the fingers of the second user of the vehicle, the owner of the vehicle first "prescribes" his fourth finger F4, then the second finger F2 and, finally, again the fourth finger (combination F4-F2-F4). Accordingly, the combination F4-F3-F4 corresponds to "erasing" the fingers of the third user of the vehicle.

The procedure for scanning the surface of a finger in the training mode is implemented as follows. To switch to training mode, the vehicle owner must:

- turn off the ignition (if it is turned on);

- attach one of your fingers to the scanner 2 and in the future do not shift or change the position of this finger;

- turn on the ignition for the first time. The signal about the ignition on comes from the control output of the controller 8 of the anti-theft alarm system to the control unit 9 and is then transmitted and fixed in the block 6 for registering samples. At the same time, the control unit 9 and the sample registration unit 6 are part of the biometric identification unit 1;

- turn off the ignition;

- Turn on the ignition a second time. The signal about the second ignition on also through the control unit 9 enters the unit 6 registration of samples;

- turn off the ignition;

- turn on the ignition a third time (and then do not turn it off). The signal about the third ignition on is also sent through the control unit 9 to the sample registration unit 6. At the same time, a period of time is recorded in the block 6 for registering samples, starting from the first ignition on until the third ignition on. If this period of time is less than ten seconds, and the same finger is constantly connected to the scanner 2 during all this time, then the sample registration unit 6 switches to the operation mode controlled by the training device 7. In this case, the sample registration unit 6 generates a special sound signal “training mode”, warning the vehicle owner that the transition to training mode is completed and the vehicle owner must remove his finger from the surface of the scanner 2.

The operation of block 1 of the biometric identification in training mode when recording a sample of the first finger F1 - "working" - occurs as follows:

- after the owner of the vehicle removes a finger from the surface of the scanner 2, the image registration unit 3 fixes that the surface of the scanner 2 is free and transmits a signal about this to the sample registration unit 6;

- block 6 registration of samples generates an audio signal informing the owner of the vehicle that he should for the first time "show finger F1";

- the owner of the vehicle after this signal applies to the surface of the scanner 2 the finger that is selected in order to play the role of the first finger F1 - "working";

- the fingerprint signal is transmitted from the scanner 2 to the image recording unit 3. The image registration unit 3 conducts a test control of the obtained fingerprint image. If the test results are positive, the image registration unit 3 transfers the received frame to the sample registration unit 6. There is a preliminary fixation of this fingerprint. Block 6 registration of samples gives a sound signal "scan is completed";

- on the signal "scan is completed" the vehicle owner must remove his finger from the scanner 2. The image registration unit 3 detects that the surface of the scanner 2 is free and transmits a signal about this to the sample registration unit 6;

- block 6 registration of samples generates an audio signal informing the owner of the vehicle that he should for the second time "show finger F1";

- the owner of the vehicle after this signal for the second time applies to the surface of the scanner 2 the finger that is selected in order to play the role of the finger F1 - "working";

- the fingerprint signal is transmitted from the scanner 2 to the image recording unit 3. The image registration unit 3 conducts a test control of the obtained fingerprint image frame. If the test control is positive, the image registration unit 3 transmits the received fingerprint image frame to the sample registration unit 6. There, a comparison of this fingerprint with a previously fixed one is carried out. If the same finger is presented, then in the block 6 of the registration of the samples forms the cumulative frame obtained by two fingerprints. This cumulative frame is fixed in block 6 registration of samples. Block 6 registration of samples gives a sound signal "scan is completed";

- on the signal "scan is completed" the vehicle owner must remove his finger from the scanner 2. The image registration unit 3 detects that the surface of the scanner 2 is free and transmits a signal about this to the sample registration unit 6;

- block 6 registration of samples generates an audio signal informing the owner of the vehicle that he should "present finger F1" for the third time;

- the owner of the vehicle after this signal for the third time applies to the surface of the scanner 2 the finger that is selected in order to play the role of the finger F1 - "working";

- the fingerprint signal is transmitted from the scanner 2 to the image recording unit 3. The image registration unit 3 conducts a test control of the obtained fingerprint image frame. If the test control is positive, the image registration unit 3 transmits the received fingerprint image frame to the sample registration unit 6. Next, the block 6 registration of samples compares the obtained frame image of the fingerprint with a previously recorded cumulative frame. If the same finger is presented, then in the block 6 of registration of samples a complete frame is formed, obtained by three fingerprints. The full frame of the fingerprint image is transmitted from the sample registration unit 6 to the cell of the sample storage unit 4 allocated for storing the full frame of the fingerprint image F1 - “working”. Block 6 registration of samples gives a sound signal "scan is completed";

- the owner of the vehicle removes a finger from the surface of the scanner 2, and then using the training device 7 transfers through the block 6 registration of samples in the same memory cell of block 4 of storage of samples of service (service) information. After that, in the cell of the block 4 for storing samples, it will be recorded in which positions after the presentation of the finger F1 - “working” - the steering column, driver's seat, rear-view mirror, glass windows and other equipment should be installed.

At this stage, scanning and memorizing the first finger of F1 - the "working" - ends. However, it should be noted that if after any generation of the sound signal “show finger F1” for twenty seconds, the sample registration unit 6 is not able to give the sound signal “scan is completed” (for example, due to the fact that the owner of the vehicle mixed up the first time I applied one finger to the surface of the scanner 2, and the second time the other), then the sample registration unit 6 gives an “error” sound signal, and the biometric identification unit 1 emergencyly exits the training mode.

After filling the cell in block 4 of the storage of samples, designed to record information about the finger F1, work in the training mode continues. A sequential recording of samples is performed:

- the second finger of the owner of the vehicle F2 - for trips with the sending of an alarm message;

- the third finger of the owner of the vehicle F3 - to switch to VALET mode and to exit this mode;

- the fourth finger of the owner of the vehicle F4 - to "prescribe" or "erase" the fingerprints of users of the vehicle.

Each recording of the sample of the corresponding finger is carried out similarly to the recording of the sample of the first finger F1, the “working”, described above. The difference is that the contents of the service information when recording a sample of the second finger of the owner of the vehicle F2 - for trips with sending an alarm message - is an alarm message, and when recording samples of the third F3 and fourth F4 fingers, service information is not recorded at all. Upon completion of recording samples of all the fingers of the owner of the vehicle (F1, F2, F3, F4), the biometric identification unit 1 leaves the learning mode in the identification mode. In this case, the block 6 registration of samples gives a sound signal "work in training mode is completed."

The owner of the vehicle can disconnect the training device 7 from the block 6 registration of samples. The presence of a training device 7 connected to the sample registration block 6 is necessary in the identification mode only if the vehicle owner "prescribes" fingerprints from vehicle users.

This operation is carried out after the ignition is turned on by the owner of the vehicle (a signal about this comes from the ignition system to the start input of controller 8 of the anti-theft alarm system). When the ignition is turned on, the owner of the vehicle must “show” finger F4 (that is, put finger F4 on the surface of the scanner 2). The scanner 2 transmits a frame with a scanned fingerprint F4 to the image recording unit 3. The image registration unit 3 verifies that the frame of the scanned fingerprint is suitable for identification and transmits a signal thereof to the sample registration unit 6. In addition, the frame of the scanned fingerprint is fed to one of the inputs of the comparison unit 5. Block 6 registration of samples after receiving a signal about the suitability for comparing the frame of the scanned fingerprint gives a sound signal "scan is finished", according to which the owner of the vehicle must remove his finger from the surface of the scanner 2. In addition, block 6 registration of samples sends a command to block 4 storing samples serial connection of samples of frames of fingerprints from cells of block 4 of storage of samples to block 5 comparison.

The comparison unit 5 sequentially compares the frame of the scanned fingerprint recorded in the image registration unit 3 with the fingerprint frame samples. When comparing with the sample frame, the fourth F4 finger should be a match. The signal about this coincidence is recorded in the coincidence circuit 10 and then goes to the block 11 for setting the operating modes of the anti-theft alarm system. This unit generates a command to switch to the correction mode of the users of the vehicle and transfers it through the controller 8 of the anti-theft alarm system to the control unit 9 (which is part of the biometric identification unit 1). The control unit 9 generates a control signal to the sample registration unit 6.

After the owner of the vehicle removes a finger from the surface of the scanner 2, the image registration unit 3 fixes that the surface of the scanner 2 is free, and transmits a signal about this to the sample registration unit 6.

With the simultaneous presence at the inputs of the unit 6 for registering samples of a control signal from the control unit 9 and a signal for clearing the surface of the scanner 2 from the image unit 3, the unit for registering samples 6 generates an audio signal for the correction mode of the vehicle users. At this signal, the owner of the vehicle must "present" another finger.

If the owner of the vehicle shows finger F1, then the correction mode of the first user of the vehicle is performed, if finger F2 is the correction mode of the second user of the vehicle, and if F3 is the third user of the vehicle. According to the circuit, the coincidence scheme 10 - unit 11 for specifying the operating modes of the anti-theft alarm system - controller 8 of the anti-theft alarm system - control unit 9, information on which of the TS users should be corrected, enters the block 6 for registering samples and is recorded there. In this case, the signal from the control unit 9 resets the image recording unit 3.

After that, the block 6 registration of samples checks the contents of the cell block 4 of the storage of samples corresponding to the user of the vehicle, the information about which must be adjusted. If this cell is empty, then the comparison unit 5 should give a match signal. Otherwise, there will be no match signal. According to the circuit, a coincidence circuit 10 — a block 11 for specifying the operating modes of the anti-theft alarm system — a controller 8 of the anti-theft alarm system — a signal of coincidence or absence of coincidence is sent to the control unit 9. In this case, the control unit 9 stops the zeroing of the image registration unit 3 and transmits a signal of coincidence or absence of coincidence to the sample registration unit 6. According to the received signal, the block 6 for registering samples generates either an audio signal “correction of a free cell” or an audio signal “correction of a filled cell”.

After a beep, the following actions are possible:

- record of user i (for i from 1 to 3). To do this, user i presents finger Di1 three times, then with the help of training device 7 records service information, then three times shows finger Di2, then with training device 7 records service information about the alarm message, after which the biometric identification unit 1 exits the user correction mode TS;

- erasing user i (for i from 1 to 3). To do this, the owner of the vehicle must present finger F4. Then, the sample registration unit 6 resets all cells related to user i in the sample storage unit 4. After that, the block 1 biometric identification exits the correction mode of the user of the vehicle;

- refusal to correct the user of the vehicle. This is possible if the owner of the vehicle is mistaken, considering the cell of user i free. The sound signal of the block 6 registration of samples indicates to him an error, and he does not show any finger. Then, after twenty seconds, the biometric identification unit 1 leaves the correction mode of the vehicle user without changes in the memory of the sample storage unit 4. Work on the correction of the user of the vehicle must be started again, taking into account the mistake made.

In the identification mode, a person who is either one of the users of the vehicle or an attacker puts his finger on the surface of the scanner 2 and turns on the ignition. From the ignition system, the battery voltage of the vehicle is supplied to the start input of the controller 8 of the anti-theft alarm system, which activates the formation by the controller 8 of the anti-theft alarm system of a special command to begin identification. The moment of formation of this command is fixed in the controller 8 of the security and anti-theft system.

The command to start identification comes from the control output of the controller 8 of the anti-theft alarm system to the starting input of the biometric identification unit 1. In block 1 of the biometric identification, the trigger input is the input of the control unit 9. After receiving a command to start identification, the control unit 9 generates a reception start command for the image recording unit 3. At the start of reception command, the image registration unit 3 receives the output signal of the scanner 2. The signal of the scanner 2 must be fixed in the current memory of the image registration unit 3 in the form of a frame suitable for identification, which is a digital form of a fingerprint image. If the received frame is not suitable for identification (for example, due to poor contact of the finger with the scanner 2), then the next frame of the signal of the scanner 2 is recorded in the image recording unit 3 until finally a frame suitable for identification is received.

As soon as a frame suitable for identification is fixed in the image registration unit 3, a search start command is sent from the image registration unit 3 to the sample registration unit 6, and a frame suitable for identification is transmitted to the comparison unit 5.

Upon receipt of the search start command in the sample registration unit 6, the sample registration unit 6 generates a serial connection command to the fingerprint sample frame comparison unit 5 from the memory of the sample storage unit 4. The format of these frames should be suitable for comparison with the image frame of the fingerprint received in the comparison unit 5 from the image registration unit 3.

Block 5 comparison implements one of the above comparison algorithms. The result of this comparison in the case of finding the desired sample is the so-called correlation response. The correlation response parameters are higher, the greater is the degree of correspondence of the fingerprint frame from block 3 of image registration to one of the frames issued to block 5 by block 4 for storing samples. Exceeding the parameters of the correlation response of a certain threshold indicates the correspondence of the scanned fingerprint to a particular fingerprint of the owner of the vehicle or one of the users of the vehicle. Such a correlation response is called normalized, and the normalized correlation response signal is the output signal of unit 1 of the biometric identification.

From the output of the comparison unit 5, the normalized correlation response is fed to the input of the coincidence circuit 10, which converts it into a control signal supplied from one of the outputs of the multichannel output of the coincidence circuit 10 to the corresponding elementary input of the multichannel input of the block 11 for setting the operating modes of the anti-theft alarm system. For this, the coincidence circuit 10 fixes the reference number at which the coincidence occurs, which allows you to set the memory cell number of the sample storage unit 4 corresponding to a specific sample, that is, uniquely establish the identity of the vehicle user and the set control mode of the anti-theft alarm system.

For example, the unit 11 for setting the operating modes of the anti-theft alarm system generates an immobilizer shutdown command when the scanned fingerprint matches any of the following: F1, F2, W11, W12, W21, W22, W31, W32. And the command for sending an alarm message during the movement of the vehicle, the block 11 of setting the operating modes of the anti-theft alarm system generates when the scanned fingerprint matches any of the following: F2, W12, W22, W32.

The coincidence of the scanned fingerprint with one of the “working” fingers (F1, W11, W21, W31) plays a very important role. In each of these cases, the unit 11 for setting the operating modes of the anti-theft alarm system generates a sequence of service commands that is strictly defined for each of the TS users. Service teams have the goal of ensuring that each of the TS users has the most convenient mode of operation. That is, they are designed to install the steering column, driver's seat, rear-view mirror, windows and other equipment of the vehicle in the most convenient position for the vehicle selected by the corresponding user.

The sequence of the generated commands comes from the output of the unit 11 for setting the security and anti-theft system operation modes to the controller 8 of the security and anti-theft system, which directly affects each of the electronic modules of the security and anti-theft system, realizing the commands received at the input of the controller 8 of the security and anti-theft system. For example, after the identification of the fingerprint of the second finger F2, the immobilizer is turned off and at the same time an alarm message about vehicle capture is transmitted via the GSM channel.

For each of the identified fingerprints, there is a strictly defined set of commands executed after identification. However, there is the only exception to this rule: the identification of a fingerprint matching F3.

The fact is that the vehicle anti-theft alarm system can be turned off. This shutdown mode is called VALET. The need for such a shutdown can be caused either by the transfer of the vehicle for maintenance, or by injury to the working finger F1. In the controller 8 of the anti-theft alarm system, there is a non-volatile memory node that stores information about whether the anti-theft alarm system is in VALET mode or not. In VALET mode, the controller 8 of the anti-theft alarm system disables all electronic modules blocking the movement of the vehicle, and also prohibits the supply of alarm signals and messages.

If the anti-theft alarm system is in VALET mode, then after identification of the fingerprint F3, the VALET mode is exited. And if the security and anti-theft system is not in VALET mode, then after identification of the fingerprint F3, the transition to VALET mode is carried out.

It was noted above that in the controller 8 of the anti-theft alarm system, the moment of formation of the command to start the identification is recorded. This moment plays an important role in the operation of the security and anti-theft system, since the controller 8 of the security and anti-theft system responds to the receipt of commands from the block 11 for setting the operating modes of the security and anti-theft system only for twenty seconds after a fixed point in time. If no command is received in twenty seconds, the controller 8 of the anti-theft alarm system resets the fixation of the moment in time and stops responding to commands received from the block 11 for setting the operating modes of the anti-theft alarm system. That is, a fingerprint is considered unidentified. All modules of the anti-theft alarm system continue to block the operation of the vehicle.

Thus, the proposed biomechanical device for controlling the security and anti-theft system provides the users of this system with the possibility of an alarm, invisibly from attackers, by presenting one of the fingers F2, D21, D22 or D23.

In this case, the controller 8 of the security and anti-theft system generates a command to send an alarm signal to the GSM channel, but does not impede the movement of the vehicle. Due to this feature of the proposed device, the probability of an attacker taking violent actions damaging the life and health of the vehicle user (for example, cuts off his finger) is significantly reduced.

Thus, due to closer integration of the unit 1 of biometric identification and the components of the anti-theft alarm system, a relatively inexpensive biometric device for controlling the anti-theft alarm system can be created, suitable for installation on both expensive elite class vehicle models and business-class vehicle models , as a rule, not equipped with a common multiplex control bus.

This allows you to use the advantages of the biometric fingerprint identification method to increase the degree of protection of the vehicle and at the same time reduce the threat to the health and life of users of the vehicle in case of robbery.

Claims (5)

1. A biometric device for controlling a security and anti-theft system, comprising a controller of a security and anti-theft system, configured to connect its trigger input to the ignition system and trigger outputs to electronic modules of the security and anti-theft system, and a biometric identification unit, the trigger input of which is connected to the control output of the controller of the anti-theft alarm system, characterized in that a training device, a coincidence circuit, the input of which is connected to the output of the unit, is inserted into it an isometric identification, and a unit for setting the operating modes of the anti-theft alarm system, the multi-channel input of which is connected to the multi-channel output of the coincidence circuit, and the output is connected to the operational input of the anti-theft alarm controller, while the training input of the biometric identification unit is connected to the output of the training device, made with the possibility of introducing one of the special training programs. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the biometric identification unit contains an image registration unit, a scanner, serially connected sample registration unit, a sample storage unit and a comparison unit, the output of which is the output of the biometric identification unit, as well as a control unit, the input of which is the starting input of the biometric identification unit, and the first output is connected to the first input of the sample registration unit, the second input of which is the training input of the biometric identification unit And the third input is connected to the first output image registration unit, the second output of which is connected to a second input of the comparator, a first input connected to the output of the scanner, and the second input - to the second output of the control unit. 3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the biometric identification unit is made with the possibility of covert installation in the passenger compartment. 4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the teaching device is a personal computer equipped with a training program. 5. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that the scanner used in the biometric identification unit is a capacitive-type semiconductor scanner built on high-speed complementary metal-oxide semiconductor integrated circuits forming a CMOS matrix.

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