RU2275279C2 - Sheet material electrochemical cutting out method - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: processes for electrochemical cutting out of parts from sheet blanks.

SUBSTANCE: method comprises steps of placing on sheet blank dielectric template whose contour is similar to that of part to be cut out and whose size is increased by widening value of cut profile; at side of trimming off sheet material, placing on sheet blank connected with positive terminal of first electric current source insoluble metallic insulated from blank template connected with positive terminal of second electric current source; placing metallic template in such a way that its contour is shifted relative to contour of dielectric template by value no less that inter-electrode gap; determining quantity of electricity supplied to metallic template according to given relation.

EFFECT: increased vertical profile of cutting.

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Description

The invention relates to mechanical engineering and can be used when cutting parts from metal sheet blanks.

A known method of electrochemical processing by a stationary (during anodic dissolution) electrode-tool ([1] p. 22) using a dielectric template placed on the part.

The disadvantage of this method of localizing the treatment zone is the impossibility of obtaining the verticality of the cut profile, because reverse broadening is formed ([1] p.16), and this leads to a decrease in the accuracy of separation of sheet materials.

There is also a known method of electrochemical processing using metal patterns ([1] p.32).

The disadvantage of this method of localizing the processing zone is the non-receipt of the vertical profile of the cut, because the main disadvantage of the process is the formation of reverse broadening remains, and this leads to a decrease in the accuracy of separation of sheet materials.

A known method of electrochemical processing [2], including the placement on the sheet blank of a dielectric template having a contour identical to the contour of the cut part, and the size increased by the broadening of the profile of the cut.

The disadvantages of this method include changing the profile of the cut along the depth of the anodic dissolution and violation of the accuracy of the contour of the resulting workpieces.

The closest analogue of the claimed invention is the method [2].

The invention is aimed at obtaining a vertical profile of the cut, which increases the accuracy of separation of sheet materials by local anodic dissolution according to the template.

This is achieved by the fact that the amount of electricity supplied to the metal template to obtain a vertical cut profile is determined by the dependence:

Q = γHLΔH / 2α,

where Q is the amount of electricity;

γ is the specific gravity of the workpiece material;

H is the thickness of the workpiece;

L is the length of the contour of the part;

ΔН is the reverse broadening;

α is the electrochemical equivalent of the workpiece material.

The proposed method is illustrated in figures 1-2. Figure 1 shows the formation of a systematic error (reverse broadening) when using a dielectric template. The cathode-tool 1 is installed above the dielectric template 2 at a distance equal to the magnitude of the interelectrode gap. The dielectric template is superimposed on the workpiece 3. The thickness of the workpiece is indicated by H, the size of the cut-out part is 1, the size of the template is l _w , the magnitude of the reverse broadening is ΔН.

Figure 2 shows a diagram of the proposed method for the electrochemical separation of sheet materials, where 1 is an electrode tool, 2 is a metal template, 3 is a dielectric template, 4 is a workpiece, 5 is a cut-out part, 6 is a metal template, 7 is a first current source, 8 - the second current source.

The method is as follows: a dielectric template 2 is applied to the metal sheet material 3. A metal template 6 is applied to the template 2 from the waste material side, for example, from titanium, passivated from the anode dissolution by a.s. 310772, at a distance from the material 3, equal to the interelectrode gap, and with the edge shifted relative to the dielectric template 2 by a value Δl equal to the reverse broadening of the cut profile (ΔH in figure 1). The first current source 7 is connected to the material 3 and the cathode-tool 1, and the second current source 8 is connected to the metal template 6 and the cathode-tool 1. The electrolyte supply along the template is turned on (shown by arrows in Fig. 2), a constant voltage is supplied from the current source 8 and adjustable - from the current source 7 by the amount of electricity, depending on the length of the cut circuit and determined by the dependence;

Q = γ · H · L · ΔH / 2α

where Q is the amount of electricity;

γ is the specific gravity of the workpiece material;

H is the thickness of the workpiece;

L is the length of the contour of the part;

ΔН is the reverse broadening;

α is the electrochemical equivalent of the workpiece material.

An example of the method

From a sheet (material steel 65G) 0.5 mm thick according to the template 2 from fluoroplastic-4 0.2 mm thick and template 6 from sheet titanium OT-4-1 0.1 mm thick make square plates 10 × 10 mm with a tolerance of contour variation along the cutting depth ± 0.3 mm. The shift of the dielectric template 2 relative to the edge of the material 3 is 0.2 mm, the metal template 6 is shifted by the same amount relative to the dielectric template 2. Between the cathode-tool 1 and templates 2 and 6, an electrolyte is pumped through a gap of 0.15 mm - 10% aqueous solution sodium chloride at a speed of 0.2-0.5 m / s, controlled by the pressure at the pump outlet (not shown in Fig. 2).

The voltage from source 7 is 10 V, from source 8 it is at the beginning of 6 V, at the end of 8 V (varies linearly). Processing time 92 seconds. The amount of electricity during processing, supplied from source 7, was 0.6 A sec, i.e. the current changed during the processing time from 0.06 to 0.08 A.

This made it possible to control the electric field in the interelectrode gap in such a way that anodic dissolution occurs without the formation of a reverse broadening of the dimensions of the product, i.e. a vertical cut profile is obtained along the thickness of the part, which increases the accuracy of separation.

Information sources

1. Smolentsev V.P., Smolentsev G.P., Sadykov Z.B. Electrochemical marking of parts. M .: Engineering, 1983.- 72 p., Ill.

2. SU AC 1839126 A1, IPC 7 V 23 N 3/00. The method of electrochemical processing / Z. B. Sadykov, V. P. Smolentsev, R. A. Alfimov. N4823833 / 08. Declared 05/07/1990. Publ. 12/30/1993. Bull. N47-48.

Claims (1)

The method of electrochemical separation of sheet materials, including the placement on the sheet blank of a dielectric template having a contour identical to the contour of the cut part, and a size increased by the broadening of the cut profile, characterized in that from the side of the sheet material on the sheet blank connected to the positive pole of the first a current source, install an insoluble metal template isolated from it, connected to the positive pole of the second current source, while placing m a metal template with a displacement of its contour relative to the contour of the dielectric template by an amount not less than the interelectrode gap, and the amount of electricity supplied to the metal template is determined based on the vertical profile of the cut, according to the formula Q = γ · H · L · ΔH / 2α, where Q is the amount of electricity; γ is the specific gravity of the workpiece material; H is the thickness of the workpiece; L is the length of the contour of the part; ΔН is the reverse broadening; α is the electrochemical equivalent of the workpiece material.

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