RU2273526C1 - Straight-flow cyclone - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: dedusting of dust-and-gas emissions in various fields of industries.

SUBSTANCE: proposed cyclone has cylindrical housing with flanges for securing the swirler of flow to be dedusted which is connected to inlet hole of cyclone housing. Dedusting slot made in lower part of cyclone housing wall over entire length is provided with dust cutoff knife whose cylindrical ends are received by holes in flanges of housing and are provided with threads and retaining nuts for control and locking of cutoff knife plane, as well as for setting the required height of slot between blade of cutoff knife and inner wall of cyclone housing used for evacuation of entrapped dust to dust receiver.

EFFECT: simplified construction; reduced usage of metals; enhanced efficiency and operational stability.

4 dwg

Description

The device is designed for dust removal of dust and gas emissions from enterprises of all industries polluting the air.

Known direct-flow battery cyclone (see Waldberg A.Yu. and others. "Dust collection technology." L .: Engineering, Leningrad branch, 1985, p. 34, Fig. 3.11, pos. "G"), including a cylindrical body, in the inlet part of which there is a swirling device, and at the outlet of the case, which is placed inside the dust bin, there is a washer with an outer diameter equal to the diameter of the cyclone body D, which is fixed to a pipe with a diameter of 0.7D that removes dust from the air so that it forms an end face cyclone body annular clearance w Irina 0.04D, which is designed for circular radial ejection of dust trapped in a cyclone inside a dust bin. In this regard, turbulization is created inside the bunker at an overpressure, as a result of which the dusty gas is squeezed out of the bunker, enters the exhaust pipe, and from it into the atmospheric air. This dust removal device is characterized by increased metal consumption (battery cyclones) and dimensions, it does not ensure the stability of the dust cleaning process and a high degree of gas dedusting.

Direct-flow battery cyclone is also known (patent No. 2135300, IPC B 04 C 3/06, B 04 C 5/081). In said patent, a cyclone for dust removal of gases includes a cylindrical body, a cover, a spiral inlet pipe, an exhaust pipe, and a dust collector. During the operation of the cyclone, the feed gas is twisted in a spiral inlet pipe and passes inside the cylindrical body, while under the action of centrifugal forces a dust film forms on the inner walls of the body, which, rotating, passes into the conical part of the cyclone and enters through the dust gap along with part of the dust-free gas inside the dust bin, intensively turbulizing at the same time all the space free from dust in it, as a result of which the dust coming in together with the gas displaces the dusty gas, which AET in the exhaust tube and contaminates originating from the cyclone dust-free stream of gas therein, thereby reducing the efficiency of the cyclone.

The prototype of the invention is a straight-through battery cyclone (Efremov G.I., Lukachevsky B.P. Dust cleaning. M: Chemistry, 1990, p.29, Fig. “C” (rightmost), including vertically or steeply inclined housing with tangential a coiled supply of gas to be purified, an inlet pipe, a cone with a dust bin, a central axial pipe, the lower part of which ends with a cone that completely covers its lower hole at the mid-level of the height of the cyclone cone, and a curved air outlet pipe, upper I whose inlet is located inside the lower part of the cone height, and the exhaust through the piping system with an aspirator fan.

During operation, the dusty air supplied to the cyclone is twisted inside the cyclone, the dust film formed in this case is discharged along the inner wall of the cone into the hopper, and dust-free air enters the bent pipeline and, passing through the hopper, is not contaminated with dust, is ejected from it using an aspirator fan in atmosphere.

The disadvantages of the prototype are the following:

1. The design of the battery cyclone is significantly complicated and its large overall dimensions are preserved;

2. increases the intensity of the structure;

3. the stability of the functioning of the entire gas treatment system is not ensured.

The invention is aimed at creating a simple in design, low metal consumption, small-sized device that improves the efficiency of the process of dedusting gas in once-through cyclones and the stability of their work, which is achieved due to the fact that the cyclone is straight-through, consisting of a cylindrical body with flanges for fastening a swirl of dust-free flow, connected to the inlet of the cyclone body, while in the lower part of the wall of the cyclone body there is a dust extraction gap along its entire length, provided a dust-cutting knife, the end cylindrical ends of which are placed in the holes made in the flanges of the cyclone body, are equipped with threads and fixing nuts that serve to adjust and lock the plane of the cutter knife, as well as fixing the required height of the gap between the cutter blade and the inner the wall of the cyclone body, which serves to divert the dust trapped in the cyclone into the dust bin.

The invention is illustrated by diagrams, in which Fig. 1 shows a general view of a direct-flow cyclone with a knife-cutter, Fig. 2 is a general view of a slotted air-dust feeder with a dust-air swirl, in Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a dust separator, in Fig. 4 is a longitudinal section dust separator.

In-line cyclone includes:

- dust and air supply pipe 1;

- flange 2;

- flange 3;

- adapter 4;

- flange 5;

- flange 6;

- dust and air feeder slot 7;

- flange 8;

- the cover of the dust air intake slot 9;

- flange 10;

- flange 11;

- a swirl of dusty air stream 12;

- core axial 13;

- the cover of the swirl of the dusty air stream 14;

- flange 15;

- flange 16;

- flange 17;

- knee 18;

- flange 19;

- flange 20;

- straight-through cyclone body 21;

- rod 22;

- cutter knife 23;

- blade knife-cutter 24;

- dust extraction gap 25;

- nut-clamp height of the slit dust outlet 26;

- the entrance slit of the dust bin 27;

- flange 28;

- flange 29;

- hopper dust collector 30;

- flange 31;

- flange 32;

- knee 33;

- flange 34;

- flange 35;

- dust-free air duct 36.

The diameters of the dust-air duct of the supply 1, the cyclone body of the direct-flow 21 and the dust-free air duct 36 are equal. The dust supply duct 1 is connected by means of flanges 2 and 3 to the adapter 4. The adapter 4 is connected to the slot air intake 7, flanges 5 and 6. The cover of the slot air intake 9 is fixed to the flange 8. The slot air intake 7 is connected by means of flanges 10 and 11 with a dust-air swirl 12. The cover of the swirl of the dusty air stream 14 is mounted on the flange 15. To the swirl of the dusty air stream 12 is connected an elbow 18 using the flanges 16 and 17. The elbow 18 using the flanges 19 and 20 is connected to the body of the cyclone direct-flow 21. To the straight-through cyclone pus 21 in the lower part along the entire length has a dust extraction slot 25, inside of which a cut-off knife 23 is located. The cut-off knife 23 consists of a rod 22 and a blade of the cut-off knife 24 and is mounted on the flanges of the direct-flow cyclone casing 21 using fixing nuts the height of the dust extraction slit 26. Both ends of the shaft 22 have threads for fastening nuts and are placed in the holes of the housing flanges. Using the flanges 28 and 29, the direct-flow cyclone body 21 is connected to the dust collector 30. The dust collector 30 has an inlet slot 27 in its upper part. An axial core 13 is installed in the bodies of the dust-air flow swirl 12 and the direct-flow cyclone 21. The elbow 33 is connected to the body direct-flow cyclone 21 using flanges 31 and 32, and using flanges 34 and 35 with a dust-free air duct 36.

The process of dust removal of air in a once-through cyclone proceeds in the following sequence. The air stream to be cleaned through the adapter 4 enters the slot air dust feeder 7, from which it is tangentially supplied to the dust-air flow swirler 12 connected to the inlet of the direct-flow cyclone body 21, in which, under the action of centrifugal forces arising in the swirling flow, dust particles are discarded to the internal the wall of the straight-through cyclone body 21, forming a dust film, which, rotating with the flow, moves along the flow and sliding along the inner wall of the cyclone body of winding 21 is cut off (off) knife-shut 23 housed inside gap 25 and pyleotvodyaschey through the entrance slit-dust collecting hopper 27 enters the dust collecting hopper 30, where it accumulates. Dusty in the cyclone air enters the air duct dust-free air 36.

During operation of the cyclone, checking the state of the dust extraction slit 25 and adjusting the height “h” of the blade-cutter blade 23 position over the inner wall of the direct-flow cyclone body 21 (FIG. 3) is carried out using knees 18 and 33. Removing knee 18 and knee 33 provides access to the inner part of the cyclone and makes it possible to monitor the state of the dust extraction gap 25 and the knife-cutter 23, allows you to clean them of clogging elements and set the desired height value "h" (see figure 3), which is carried out by turning the knife-cutter 23 n desired value «h» and locking nuts via latches pyleotvodyaschey height of the slit 26.

Claims (1)

Direct-flow cyclone, including a dust supply air duct, adapter, slotted dust and air feeder, dust-air flow swirl, direct-flow cyclone body, axial core, dust collector hopper, dust-free air duct, characterized in that the direct-flow cyclone body wall in the lower part has a dust collector along the entire length which contains a round steel rod with a dust cutter attached to it, while both ends of the rod have a thread for fastening the nut-clamps of the dust gap flowing and placed in the holes of the flanges of the cyclone body, and the dust extraction gap itself communicates with the entrance slot of the dust bin.

Images