RU226828U1 - FLOATING OPEN WATER EVAPORATION METER - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a device for measuring the rate of evaporation in water bodies and is intended for monitoring the level of water evaporation, assessing water resources, predicting changes in hydrological systems and managing water resources, especially in regions with limited access to fresh water. The technical result is achieved by using a floating open water evaporation meter containing an evaporation pan with a bowl-shaped bottom, made in the form of a round body with three floats evenly spaced along the outer surface of its wall, inside of which a bowl-shaped plate with an evaporation chamber equipped with a level sensor is installed by means of bearings water and a valve for filling and draining water, to the bottom of which a spherical weight is attached, and a cylindrical guide attached to one of the floats with a pole for fixing the evaporation pan and a measuring block. The technical result is to increase the accuracy of control of water evaporation from the surface of a reservoir.

Description

The utility model relates to a device for measuring the rate of evaporation in water bodies and is intended for monitoring the level of water evaporation, assessing water resources, predicting changes in hydrological systems and managing water resources, especially in regions with limited access to fresh water.

There are known devices for measuring the rate of evaporation of water in reservoirs. One method developed to solve the problem of obtaining an accurate estimate of evaporation from a water surface is to place an evaporation pan in the actual body of water being measured by placing the pan on a raft secured with ropes tied to the ground or weights placed in the bottom sediment [datasheet description and operating instructions for Evaporometer GGI-3000].

However, there are still accuracy problems with this method. Since the raft is usually made of wood or plastic, these materials absorb heat and transfer it into the pan/water, raising the temperature of the water in the pan above that in the pond. In addition, the raft raises the pan so that the water level in the pan is much higher than in the body of water being assessed, which affects the determination of the evaporation rate. Additionally, attaching a rope to one side of the raft tends to tilt the raft in one direction, causing the pan and water to tilt, which also affects evaporation rate results.

The closest is an adjustable floating pan for evaporating open water [patent US 7162923, IPC G01F15/00, publ. 01/16/2007]. The design of this evaporator contains a floating evaporation pan, which can be adjusted so that the water level in the pan is at the same level as in the measured volume of water.

However, using a floating evaporation pan has its limitations and disadvantages - it is only effective in low wave conditions, such as in wetlands or small ponds. A floating pallet is susceptible to waves generated by wind and humans. The impact of waves can cause vibrations of water inside the evaporation pan, impacts on the inner surface of the pan and splashes and, accordingly, increase the evaporation process and reduce the accuracy of control of the evaporation process from the water surface of the reservoir.

The technical result is to increase the accuracy of control of water evaporation from the surface of a reservoir.

The technical result is achieved by using a floating open water evaporation meter containing an evaporation pan made in the form of a round body with three floats evenly spaced along the outer surface of its wall, with a cylindrical guide attached to one of the floats with a pole for fixing the evaporation pan and a measuring block , while the bottom of the evaporation pan is made of a bowl-shaped shape; inside the evaporation pan, a bowl-shaped plate with an evaporation chamber is installed by means of bearings, equipped with a water level sensor and a valve for filling and draining water, to the bottom of which a spherical weight is attached.

The introduction of a bowl-shaped tray into the device, in which a bowl-shaped plate with an evaporation chamber is installed on bearings, to the bottom of which a load is rigidly attached, ensures stabilization of the horizontal plane of the water in the bowl and eliminates factors affecting the evaporation process due to vibration of the bowl with the evaporator from the wind and waves, which makes it possible to increase the accuracy of monitoring the process of water evaporation from the surface of the reservoir.

The essence of the proposed technical solution is illustrated by a diagram showing a general view of the meter.

A floating open water evaporation meter includes a housing 1 of an evaporation pan with a bowl-shaped bottom, in which a bowl-shaped plate 2 with an evaporation chamber 3 is installed. The bowl-shaped plate 2 with an evaporation chamber 3 is installed with the possibility of angular movement inside the housing 1 on ball bearings 4 relative to the vertical axis. The angular movement of the bowl-shaped plate 2 allows the bowl-shaped plate 2 with the evaporation chamber 3 to be installed in a position in which the plane of the evaporation chamber 3 will occupy a horizontal position. Three floats 5 are attached to the body 1, installed evenly, at an angle of 120° on the outer surface of the wall of the body 1. Each float 5 contains a plug 6, through which balance material is poured to regulate the immersion of the body 1. A guide 7 for communication is attached to one of the floats 5 with an anchor unit 8. A spherical weight 9 is rigidly attached to the evaporation chamber 3, ensuring a horizontal position of the liquid in the evaporation chamber 3. A water level sensor 10 is also installed in the pan, which is connected to the input of the measuring and control unit 11. The output of this unit is connected to the valve filling and draining water 12. The measuring and control unit 11 contains a solar battery 13, which provides power to the cellular information transmission device 14.

The floating open water evaporation meter works as follows.

When installed in a reservoir, valve 12 is opened using the measurement and control circuit 11 and filled with water through the hole in the bottom of housing 1 and cup-shaped plate 2 to the level of the reservoir, then valve 12 is closed and the system operates. During evaporation, the water level decreases and is recorded by the water level sensor 10. As soon as the water level drops below the set level, which is recorded by the water level sensor 10 and by which the amount of evaporation is determined and recorded, then the control unit commands the valve 12 to open, the chamber opens and the chamber is filled again completely liquid. The specified parameters are set by the minimum water level in the chamber at which evaporation occurs; the cycle is repeated using the level sensor. The volume of liquid to be filled in the chamber is determined before the liquid is poured through the chamber.

The valve is powered by a rechargeable solar battery 13. If wind or wave loads appear on the housing 1, then due to the load 9, the evaporation chamber 3 and the water surface remain in a strictly horizontal position. Housing 1 serves as protection from waves. The weight 9 has a spherical shape and in water also serves as a damping device that damps vibrations.

Thus, the use of a floating open water evaporation meter containing an evaporation pan with a bowl-shaped bottom, made in the form of a round body with three floats evenly spaced along the outer surface of its wall, inside of which a bowl-shaped plate with an evaporation chamber equipped with a water level sensor is installed by means of bearings and a valve for filling and draining water, to the bottom of which a spherical weight is attached, and a cylindrical guide attached to one of the floats with a pole for fixing the evaporation pan and a measuring unit, ensures increased accuracy of monitoring the evaporation of water from the surface of the reservoir.

Claims (1)

A floating open water evaporation meter containing an evaporation pan made in the form of a round body with three floats evenly spaced along the outer surface of its wall, with a cylindrical guide attached to one of the floats with a pole for fixing the evaporation pan and a measuring block, characterized in that the bottom of the evaporation pan is made of a bowl-shaped shape; inside the evaporation pan, a bowl-shaped plate with an evaporation chamber is installed by means of bearings, equipped with a water level sensor and a valve for filling and draining water, to the bottom of which a spherical weight is attached.