RU2267729C2 - Vertical eddy-type nozzle-draft cooling tower - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: cooling of circulating water.

SUBSTANCE: the vertical eddy-type nozzle-draft cooling tower has an axial-flow fan with profiled blades twisting the air flow, housing in the form of a tube, water drops separator, tray for collection of water, filter, circulating pump, comb and nozzles for spraying of water inside the tube bulk. The tube is made vertical with a diameter equal to 400-1200 mm, and the air flow twisted by the fan at an angle equal to 30-60 deg to the tube generating line is fed to it from the bottom upwards, and water is injected to the counter-flow through the nozzles. The cooling tower is provided with a trap for collection of water film draining over the tube inner surface, in the bottom of the tube the fan body is positioned with a clearance in the trap.

EFFECT: enhanced heat exchange and mass transfer, improved compactness.

2 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to refrigeration and can be used in refrigerators and commercial enterprises.

Known cooling towers that are used in industry and include fans, irrigation devices, circulation pumps, nozzle, droplet separator (see. Refrigeration equipment. Design of refrigeration facilities. Reference book. M: Food industry, 1978).

Analysis of the designs of cooling towers shows that these are quite massive and complex structures that require significant material costs. The prototype is a fan film cooling tower (see ibid., P. 179, Fig. V-6), which includes a casing, an irrigated nozzle, an irrigation device, a water droplet separator, and a fan. The fan, which is located at the bottom of the tower, draws air from the environment and delivers it deep into the casing, where an irrigated nozzle is placed, on the surface of which a film of water flows. A stream of air moves towards the film. As a result of the contact of water and air, heat and mass transfer occurs, as a result of which the water is cooled and partially evaporated, and the air is heated and moistened. Chilled water is collected in a pan and fed to a condenser. The air rising up the cooling tower passes through a separator, where the droplets of water taken out by the stream separate and escape into the environment. The disadvantage of such a cooling tower is that it is impossible to intensify heat and mass transfer in it due to a significant increase in the air flow velocity in a live section (above 4.0 m / s), as this can lead to its "choking". In countercurrent, the air flow can stop the movement of the film of water on the surface of the irrigation nozzle and, with a further increase in air speed, change its direction and direct the flow from the bottom up, that is, there will be "flooding".

In this case, the cooling tower will stop working. In addition, in such cooling towers, the irrigation nozzle occupies a large part of the volume and makes up a significant part of its cost. It is known from practice that such cooling towers occupy a significant area.

The basis of the invention is the task of improving the "Vertical vortex nozzle cooling tower" by reducing the occupied area, equipping it with devices that make heat and mass transfer more intense, reduce its volume and cost by eliminating the irrigation nozzle.

The problem is solved in that in the "Vertical vortex nozzle cooling tower" containing an axial fan with profiled blades that swirl the air flow, a casing in the form of a pipe, a separator, a tray for collecting water, a filter, a circulation pump, a comb and nozzles for spraying water inside the volume pipes, according to the invention, in a vertical pipe with a diameter equal to 400 ÷ 1200 mm, the air flow swirled by the fan is supplied from bottom to top at an angle equal to 30 ° ÷ 60 ° to the tube forming, which promotes the formation of a centrifugal field forces that cause droplets of water to penetrate at high relative speeds the air flow, which contributes to intense heat and mass transfer within the volume of the pipe.

At the bottom of the pipe, the fan casing is integrated with a gap in the trap to collect a film of water flowing down the inner surface of the pipe.

In addition, the water sprayed by nozzles in the form of drops creates a large surface, which makes it possible to abandon the irrigated nozzle.

Figure 1 shows a vertical vortex nozzle cooling tower.

Figure 2 shows a cross section of a separator with zigzag vertical plates and a water trap.

Figure 3 shows a cross section at the level of the fan and water trap. The vertical vortex nozzle cooling tower includes a separator 1 with vertical zigzag vertical plates 13 and a water trap 2, a pipe 3, a nozzle comb 4, nozzles 5, drain pipes 6, a circulation pump 7, a filter 8, a pan 9, an axial fan 10, a swirling air stream, water trap 11, displacement cone 12.

The vertical vortex nozzle cooling tower operates as follows.

The axial fan 12 takes air from the environment, twists and feeds into the pipe 3 at an angle to the generatrix equal to 30 ° ÷ 60 °. Swirling air flow forms in the pipe 3 the action of the field of centrifugal forces.

Water is injected into the counter-flow of air through the nozzles. Numerous drops of water, due to the action of centrifugal forces, penetrate the air flow at a high relative speed and fall on the inner surface of the pipe 3, where it flows down and captured by a trap 11. From the trap 11, through the drain pipes 6, the water is drained into a sump 9 .

Cooled water from the pan 9, through the filter 8, is taken by the circulation pump 7 and fed to the condenser of the chiller, where it is heated and flows through the nozzle comb 4 to the nozzles 5.

Numerous water droplets, flying out of the nozzles, form a large surface for heat and mass transfer, and relatively high droplet velocities with respect to the air flow increase the heat and mass transfer coefficients. Swirling air flow moves in the pipe 3 from the bottom up and enters the separator 1.

In the separator, water droplets carried away by the air flow are separated as a result of a drop in the flow velocity and a change in its direction of movement through the zigzag channels formed by the vertical plates 13. Drops on the surface of the plates flow down into the separator 2 of the separator 1. The cone 12 installed in the separator promotes the formation of a uniform air flow along the height of the separator.

The warmed and humidified air stream, through a separator, leaves to the environment.

The variation in the angle of air flow supply equal to 30 ° ÷ 60 ° depends on the need to intensify the processes of heat and mass transfer and, in each case, is determined by technical and economic indicators. These improvements make it possible to create highly efficient cooling towers for cooling circulating water.

Claims (2)

1. A vertical vortex nozzle cooling tower containing an axial fan with profiled blades that swirl the air flow, a casing in the form of a pipe, a water droplet separator, a water collection pan, a filter, a circulation pump, a comb and nozzles for spraying water inside the pipe volume, characterized in that the pipe is made vertical with a diameter of 400-1200 mm, and air flow swirled by the fan from an upward angle at an angle equal to 30-60 ° is supplied to it, and water is injected into the counter-flow through nozzles. 2. The cooling tower according to claim 1, characterized in that it is equipped with a trap for collecting a film of water flowing down the inner surface of the pipe, and at the bottom of the pipe the fan casing is placed with a gap in the trap.

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