RU2266681C1 - Method for production of feed additive from rice meal - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture, feed production.

SUBSTANCE: claimed method includes blending of rice meal with solution containing caustic soda, lime paste and water in ratio of (mass %): rice meal 95-96; caustic soda 0.2-0.3; lime paste 0.6-0.8 and balance: water. Mixture is agitated for 20-30 min; conditioned for 24-36 h and nutrient additive containing glauber salt and tricalcium phosphate in the next ratio (mass %): glauber salt 0.2-0.3; tricalcium phosphate 0.5-0.7 and balance: composition is introduced. Then microorganism probiotic culture in concentration of 0.18-0.22 and santochin in concentration of 0.02 % are introduced and mixture is granulated.

EFFECT: mineral salt- and probiotic culture-enriched feed additive with increased digestive properties for animals and poultry due to destruction of cellulose-lignin complex.

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Description

The invention relates to agriculture, in particular to technologies for obtaining feed from plant materials.

A known method of processing straw for feed in order to produce feed for farm animals. The method includes processing straw with sulfur dioxide, followed by steaming in an autoclave at a pressure of 3-4 atm and a temperature of 130-140 ° C (RF patent No. 2133098, class A 23 K 1/12, 1999, bull. No. 20).

However, this method involves autoclaving under hard conditions, which not only leads to hydrolysis of the coarse components, but also caramelization of already hydrolyzed carbohydrates. The addition of sulfur dioxide and subsequent autoclaving ensures the formation of inorganic acid vapor, which has a negative effect on the health of personnel and causes a deterioration in the nutritional value and taste of the product.

A known method of preparation of feed from plant materials for use in agriculture, including grinding straw in a dispersant, squeezing the solid phase and introducing into its composition beer grains and a nutrient mixture consisting of brewer's yeast, residual protein, beer hopped wort, followed by sterilization with at a temperature of 120 ° C in two stages, initial for 60-65 min, secondary for 40-45 min and inoculating the mass of the fungus Pleuretus osteatuu (Fr) Kummer, culturing for 7-9 days (RF patent No. 2127065, class A 23 K 1/12, 1999 Bulletin No. 7).

However, in the known method, it is required to add valuable substrates to the cellulose-lignin raw material, which provide a significant increase in the cost of the final product. In addition, autoclaving as in the previous analogue can lead to partial caramelization of hydrolyzed sugars. The cultivation of the fungus Pleuretus osteatuu (Fr) Kummer, within 7-9 days increases the time spent on obtaining the final product.

A known method of using cellulose-containing raw materials — wheat or rye bran — in animal and poultry feed composition. The value of their input for chicken of egg breeds is up to 10% of the diet, and for broiler chickens, turkeys, quails and pheasants they are not recommended to be introduced (Recommendations for feeding poultry, Sergiev Posad: VNIITIP publishing house, 2000. P. 42.) .

However, in the known method, the introduction of untreated bran is very limited, or they are not recommended to be introduced, which is associated with a high fiber content in the raw material. The bran itself contains few minerals, and when used in the feed, mineral salts must also be added. In addition, they do not contain beneficial microorganisms that animals need for proper nutrition (good fiber absorption and resistance to pathogens). Bran is a substance rich in vitamins, and therefore they have a high contamination of toxin-forming microorganisms and primarily fungi. Therefore, bran needs additional processing to improve their nutritional properties.

A known method of processing straw, in which a straw weighing 100 kg is wetted with a solution of the following composition: 4.5-6.0 kg of lime dough; 2.0 kg of caustic soda; 100-120 liters of water. Then, the straw thus treated is laid in trenches, compacted, aged for several days and used as necessary. Sometimes, urea of 1.5-2.0 kg is additionally introduced into the solution. (Zafren S.Ya. How to increase the nutritional value of straw. M: Kolos, 1982. S. 62-63).

However, in the known method, straw is used in which the fiber content is higher than in the rice flour, therefore, even after pretreatment, it cannot be used for monogastric animals and poultry. In addition, to obtain an additive on the prototype requires several days. The resulting additive does not contain probiotic microorganisms, which impairs its quality characteristics.

The known method does not allow to effectively obtain an additive from rice flour with high nutritional value due to the destruction of the cellulose-lignin complex of raw materials in a short time, containing beneficial microorganisms, and to be a source of sulfur and calcium.

The technical solution to the problem is to intensify the destruction of the cellulose-lignin complex of rice flour due to more complete hydrolysis and increase the nutritional value of the feed when it is enriched with mineral salts and probiotic cultures.

This object is achieved in that in a method for producing a feed additive from rice flour, including mixing rice flour with a solution containing caustic soda, lime dough and water, with the following ratios of components wt.%:

rice flour 95-96 caustic soda 0.2-0.3 lime dough 0.6-0.8 water rest

while the composition is stirred for 20-30 minutes, then incubated for 24-36 hours and add a nutritional supplement containing glauber's salt and tricalcium phosphate, in the following ratios of components, wt.%:

Glauber's salt 0.2-0.3 tricalcium phosphate 0.5-0.7 composition rest

Next, a probiotic culture of microorganisms is introduced at a concentration of 0.18-0.22%, Santokhin at a concentration of 0.02% and granulated.

The claimed method for producing a feed additive from rice flour differs in the type of raw material, other processing conditions and the introduced mineral composition, providing an intensification of the process of hydrolysis of the raw material, as well as the additional introduction of beneficial microorganisms and antioxidant.

These differences allow us to conclude that the claimed technical solutions meet the criterion of "novelty."

Signs that distinguish the claimed technical solution from analogues, are aimed at achieving the task, and were not identified in the study of this and related fields of science and technology, and, therefore, meet the criterion of "inventive step".

A method of obtaining a feed additive from rice flour was carried out at the Novo-Myshastovskaya poultry farm in the Krasnoarmeysky district of the Krasnodar Territory.

Rice flour weighing 1,500 kg is placed in a screw mixer, filled with a solution of 70 liters containing 3.9 kg of caustic soda and 11.0 kg of lime dough. The resulting chemical composition is stirred on a mixer for 25 minutes, and then incubated for further hydrolysis of the rice flour cellulose-lignin complex for 30 hours. As a result of this operation, part of the cellulose decomposes to form available sugars. After the specified time, a nutritional composition containing Glauber's salt and tricalcium phosphate weighing 4.0 and 9.5 kg, respectively, is added to the resulting mass. It is necessary to saturate the resulting additives with mineral salts. Then, to give it antimicrobial, immunostimulating and cellulose-depleting properties, the Bacell probiotic culture containing bacteria belonging to the species Lactobacillus acidophilus Suav is introduced into it. B-4625, Rhuminococcus albus KR and Bacillus subtilus B-8130 in the amount of 3.2 kg of dry preparation. Due to the presence of a significant amount of fat in the composition of rice flour, the antioxidant Santokhin weighing 320 g is added to the product, and after thoroughly mixing the mixture on the mixer, the additive is dried, followed by granulation. The result was an additive weighing 1590 kg.

The industrial effectiveness of the proposed rice flour feed additive is an illustrative example.

Scientific and economic experience on laying hens of the UK-Kuban 123 cross was carried out at the Novo-Myshastovskaya poultry farm in the Krasnoarmeysky district and the Krasnodar Territory. The diet of the control and experimental groups consist of feed of plant origin, the basis of which was wheat, barley, corn, sunflower meal, mineral and vitamin supplements. In the experimental group, 15% of wheat was replaced with the proposed rice flour supplement. The experimental design is presented in table 1.

The main results of evaluating the effectiveness of the proposed feed additives in the diets of laying hens are presented in table 2.

Table 1
Scheme of experience on laying hens of the cross UK-Kuban 123 Group Number of goals Feeding characteristics The control 120 The main feed mixture (OK) is compiled according to the standards of VNITIP Experienced 120 OK + 15% wheat replaced with the proposed rice flour supplement table 2
Experience data on feeding laying hens of the proposed supplement Indicator Group control experienced Live weight at the beginning of the experiment, g 1802 1818 Live weight at the end of the experiment, g 1960 1870 The safety of the livestock,% 98 100 Egg production, pcs.,% 70.5 76,2 Feed costs per 1 goal / g 123.5 121 Feed costs in kg per 10 pcs. eggs 1.75 1,59 Eggs received (total) 2444 2669 Shell thickness 34.87 34.9 Egg weight (average), g 59.4 59.2 Feed costs, rub 1262 1187 Cost 10 pcs. eggs, rub 9.06 7.80

The data shown in table 2 indicate that the proposed feed additive increases the safety of the bird, its egg production, reducing feed costs by 10 eggs and without compromising the quality of the eggs, which reduces the cost of production of marketable products.

For the efficient hydrolysis of the cellulose-lignin complex of rice flour, it is treated with a solution of the following composition (per 1 ton of mixture): caustic soda 2-3 kg; lime dough 6-8 kg; tap water up to 45 kg. If the composition is caustic soda less than 2 kg; lime dough less than 6 kg; tap water up to 20 kg, then the hydrolysis efficiency will be low and the destruction of cellulose will be negligible. If the composition will be caustic soda more than 3 kg; lime dough over 8 kg; tap water is more than 45 kg, then the hydrolysis efficiency will not increase, and the additive will be alkaline, which will make it impossible to use it in animal and bird feeding. Therefore, the optimal composition for the additive is as follows: caustic soda 2.5 kg; lime dough 7.0 kg; tap water up to 45 kg, the rest is rice flour up to a total weight of 1000 kg. Mixing the resulting mixture is carried out for 20-30 minutes If mixing will occur for less than 20 minutes, then uniform mixing will not occur. If mixing will take more than 30 minutes, uniform mixing will occur earlier, and an increase in the process will increase the cost of this operation without increasing efficiency. The optimum mixing time is 25 minutes. The resulting mixture was incubated for 24-36 hours. If the aging time is less than 24 hours, then the hydrolysis of the cellulose-lignin complex will not take place significantly, and this will degrade the quality of the additive, reducing its nutritional value. If the aging time is more than 36 hours, this will degrade the quality of the additive due to the beginning of the development of extraneous microflora, which will utilize the sugars available to it. The optimum holding time is 30 hours. To obtain a feed additive from rice flour in the resulting mixture make: Glauber's salt 2-3 kg; tricalcium phosphate 5-7 kg, and the rest of the composition to a mass of 1000 kg. If the composition contains less than 2 kg of glauber's salt and less than 5 kg of tricalcium phosphate, the mineral component of the additive will be insufficient and this will require additional introduction into the feed. If the composition contains more than 3 kg of glauber's salt and more than 7 kg of tricalcium phosphate, then the mineral component of the additive will be much and balancing the feed additive will be difficult. Therefore, the optimal composition of the additive is the following weighing 1000 kg (at natural humidity): Glauber's salt 2.5 kg; tricalcium phosphate 6.0 kg, and the rest is a preliminarily obtained composition. To give the additive probiotic properties, beneficial microorganisms with probiotic properties are added to it at a concentration of 0.18-0.22% by weight of the additive. If the concentration of probiotics is less than 0.18%, then the probiotic properties of the additive will be weakly expressed. If the concentration of probiotics is more than 0.22%, then the increase in the probiotic effect of the supplement does not occur, its cost increases. The optimal concentration of the probiotic culture of microorganisms should be 0.2% by weight of the additive. To prevent the oxidation of lipids contained in rice flour, Santokhin at a concentration of 0.018-0.022% is added to the feed. If the concentration of Santokhin is less than 0.018%, the lipids of the feed will be oxidized, since the concentration of the antioxidant will be low. If the concentration of Santokhin is more than 0.02%, this will increase the cost of the supplement without improving its quality. The optimal concentration of Santokhin should be 0.02% by weight of the additive.

Claims (1)

A method of obtaining a feed additive from rice flour, including mixing rice flour with a solution containing caustic soda, lime dough and water, in the following ratios of components, wt.%: Rice flour 95-96 Caustic soda 0.2-0.3 Lime dough 0.6-0.8 Water Rest while the composition is stirred for 20-30 minutes, then incubated for 24-36 hours and add a nutritional supplement containing Glauber's salt and tricalcium phosphate, in the following ratios of components, wt.%: Glauber's salt 0.2-0.3 Tricalcium phosphate 0.5-0.7 Composition Rest Next, a probiotic culture of microorganisms is introduced at a concentration of 0.18-0.22%, Santokhin at a concentration of 0.02% and granulated.