RU2266469C1 - Device for flameless combustion of flush gases - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: technologies for combustion of flush gases, including those under high pressure, during extraction and processing of natural gas and oil.

SUBSTANCE: body of burner, mounted on gas inlet pipe, is made conical with widened portion at upper portion, in the body additionally mounted are two catalyst elements, at lower portion on inlet section first catalyst element is positioned, and above on outlet section - second catalyst element, rotary shutters are mounted on base of conical body in additional way, so that in closed position they are in contact with first catalyst element, and open position between first catalyst element and body gap is formed, also, device is additionally provided with one or more main torches, mounted in gas inlet pipeline below rotary shutters and first catalyst element. Relation of diameters of first and second catalyst elements matches relation of debits of hydrocarbon gas, fed in normal mode and during salvo exhaust. Catalyst elements are manufactured either in form of cell-like structured blocks with direction of channels in parallel to direction of feeding of flush gases, or in form of block sections with granulated catalyst, for example, Rachig rings, or in forms of block sections with active-catalyst metallic shavings, or in form of blocks with active-catalyst metallic meshes.

EFFECT: higher ecological safety and fullness of combustion of flush gases in broad flow range, simplified construction and comfort of maintenance.

6 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to gas-burning equipment and can be used to burn waste gases, including high pressure, in the process of extraction and processing of natural gas and oil.

Mainly for this use flare installations, flare burners and other devices for flaring. During flaring, the amount of harmful substances: carbon monoxide, products of incomplete oxidation (benz-α-pyrene, aldehydes), nitrogen oxides, soot is 25-50 kg per ton of emissions. With volley emissions carried out during a planned or emergency shutdown of reactors, the amount of emissions increases to 100 kg per ton of fuel. In order to disperse harmful combustion products in the atmosphere both in the normal mode and especially with volley emissions, there is a need to create high (up to 100 meters) flare structures, which makes maintenance and operational repair of flare devices difficult.

Known devices for the complete combustion of hydrocarbons in the atmosphere and non-waste utilization of associated gases in oil fields and industries. Known (patent application of the Russian Federation No. 98116483, F 17 D 1/08, 2000.08.27) a system for receiving and burning flare oil gases, consisting of a flare column, flare separators, drainage pumps, flare pit, hydraulic lock, fire arresters, pilot ignition system, flare head, propane tank, utilities, gas tank, equalizing the unevenness of the incoming hydrocarbon stream, adsorption purification or drying units, extracting part of the heavy hydrocarbons, compressor unit for compressing the utilized part scratch. Such a system increases the efficiency of oilfield production and improves the environmental situation of the oil and gas production region.

Known tip of the flare unit (US Pat. RF 2046255, F 23 L 17/02, 1995.10.20) for burning emergency gas emissions in the oil, oil refining, chemical industries related to emergency gas burning. The tip of the flare unit contains a cylindrical pipe, in which a shutter is installed in the form of a package of diaphragms hermetically attached to the pipe. The diaphragm has annular passage openings, the dimensions of which are reduced in the direction of gas flow. The invention reduces the flow of purge gas by reducing its speed.

Closest to the claimed invention is a burner device for a flare installation (AS USSR No. 1455129, F 23 D 14/38, 01/30/89), comprising a flare burner mounted on a gas supply barrel, the casing of which is divided by a shell around the external and internal channels, and additionally equipped with rotary shutters installed in the external channel, which open during emergency discharge of large volumes of gas. The invention is aimed at improving the reliability and quality of the combustion of waste gases in a wide range of flow rates.

The disadvantages of the known devices include:

- low environmental reliability, which is associated with the use of flare emissions (the amount of harmful substances emitted into the atmosphere when burning volley emissions is up to 100 kg per ton of emissions);

- low efficiency of combustion, especially in the mode of burning volley emissions, which is associated with a sharp increase in linear velocity in the gas supply trunk;

- the complexity and high metal construction.

The problem solved by the invention is to increase environmental safety and completeness of combustion of exhaust gases in a wide range of flow rates, simplifying the design and ease of maintenance.

The problem is solved in that the burner device for the flare installation mounted on the gas supply barrel and equipped with rotary dampers, the casing is made conical with an expansion at the top, two catalytic elements are additionally installed in the casing, and the first catalytic element is located on the bottom inlet and on top at the exit section, there is a second catalytic element, the rotary shutters are mounted on the base of the conical body in such a way that they are adjacent to the vomu catalytic element, and in the open position between the first catalytic element and the housing gap is formed, moreover, the apparatus is further provided with one or more duty torches mounted in the gas supply trunk below the rotary valves and the first catalytic element.

The list of figures of graphic images. Figure 1 shows a longitudinal section of the inventive device in the normal mode of supply of waste gases, figure 2 - position in the salvo mode, figure 3 - section aa in figure 1.

The inventive device comprises a conical housing 1 mounted on a gas supply barrel 2, duty flares 3 with a feed of hydrocarbon feed (exhaust gas), a first catalytic element 4 located in the lower part of the body, a second catalytic element 5 located at the top on the outlet section of the body, and butterfly valves 6.

The inventive device operates as follows. In the normal mode of supply of waste gases (Fig. 1), the catalytic element 4 is preheated with the help of standby flare devices 3 to a temperature of 450-500 ° C, then the standby flare devices are turned off and flameless combustion of the waste gas supplied in the normal mode occurs on the catalytic element 4. The catalytic element 5 is heated to a working (starting) temperature. The exhaust gases passing through the catalytic element 5 into the atmosphere are completely oxidized and do not contain harmful substances (products of incomplete combustion) at the outlet.

In the burst mode (figure 2), the rotary shutter 6 open, creating a gap for the passage of a high-speed flow of waste gases, flameless combustion of waste gases occurs on the catalytic elements 4 and 5, preheated to operating temperature. After the cessation of volley ejection, the butterfly valves close and transfer the operation of the device to normal mode. When lowering the temperature of the catalytic element 4 to 400 ° C include on-duty flare device 3.

Mostly the ratio of the diameters of the catalytic elements 4 and 5 corresponds to the ratio of the flow rates of waste gases supplied in the normal mode and during volley release.

Mostly the catalytic elements are made in the form of blocks of a honeycomb structure with the direction of the channels parallel to the direction of supply of waste gases. Other catalytic elements suitable for the efficient oxidation of hydrocarbon feeds under conditions of variable consumption of exhaust gases can be used, in particular cassettes with granular catalyst, for example, Raschig rings, or cassettes with catalytically active metal chips, or cassettes with catalytically active metal networks.

Claims (6)

1. A device for flameless combustion of waste gases, comprising a housing mounted on a gas supply barrel and provided with rotary dampers, characterized in that the housing is conical with expansion at the top, two catalytic elements are additionally installed in the housing, and the first catalytic element is located at the bottom of the input section, and on top of the outlet cross section is the second catalytic element, the rotary shutters are mounted on the base of the conical body in such a way that they are adjacent to the closed position to the first catalytic element, and in the open position between the first catalytic element and the housing, a gap is formed, in addition, the device is additionally equipped with one or more duty flares installed in the gas supply shaft below the rotary valves and the first catalytic element. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the ratio of the diameters of the first and second catalytic elements corresponds to the ratio of the rates of hydrocarbon gas supplied in the normal mode and during volley release. 3. The device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the catalytic elements are made in the form of blocks of a honeycomb structure with the direction of the channels parallel to the direction of supply of waste gases. 4. The device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the catalytic elements are made in the form of cassettes with a granular catalyst, for example, Raschig rings. 5. The device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the catalytic elements are made in the form of cassettes with catalytically active metal chips. 6. The device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the catalytic elements are made in the form of cassettes with catalytically active metal grids.

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