RU2263862C2 - Grain drying apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agricultural engineering, in particular grain drying equipment.

SUBSTANCE: apparatus has cylindrical housing covered with layer of heat-insulating material, charging hopper, discharge window, perforated sleeve concentrically fixed in housing on the side of discharge window, and spring-type transportation device having rectangular section and positioned for rotation within space between housing and sleeve. Sleeve perforations are extending from charging window to discharge window, with perforation sizes gradually increasing toward discharge window. Heating members are provided on housing outer surface between charging hopper and discharge window under heat-insulating material layer, said heating members running along helical paths. End surface of housing adjoining charging hopper is provided with perforation. Apparatus is further provided with fan and air duct connected with sleeve internal cavity downstream from discharge window. Apparatus may be used both as independent apparatus and as part of process lines for drying of grain or for pest controlling.

EFFECT: reduced heat loss and enhanced reliability in operation.

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Description

The invention relates to agricultural machinery, and in particular to devices for drying grain.

A device for drying grain [1] is known, comprising a cylindrical perforated casing, a loading hopper, an unloading window, a perforated glass concentrically mounted in the casing from the side of the unloading window, coaxially mounted inside the casing and rotatably transporting a spring-type working body, as well as a cooling device, consisting of a fan and duct. The perforation of the casing and the glass has the form of slots located between the feed hopper and the discharge window along helical lines offset from each other. On the surfaces of the casing and the glass not in contact with the grain, heating elements are installed along the slots. The transporting working body of the device is located in the gap between the casing and the glass, and the duct is connected to the internal cavity of the glass behind the discharge window.

The known device has disadvantages, which include design complexity, increased heat loss and personal injury arising from possible contact of maintenance personnel with the outer surface of the device heated to a high temperature. In addition, it is not sufficiently reliable and versatile due to jamming of the transporting working body when working with grain, the thickness of which is less than the radius of the spring, since such grain is pinched between the working body and the surfaces of the casing and the glass in contact with it.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the reliability and versatility of the device, its simplification, as well as reducing heat loss, preventing thermal burns to maintenance personnel.

This goal is achieved by the fact that the outer surface of the casing is covered with a layer of heat-insulating material, under which heating elements are placed between the loading hopper and the unloading window, the transporting working element is made of rectangular cross-section, the end surface of the casing from the side of the loading hopper is perforated, and the glass punching is performed with gradually increasing from loading hopper to discharge window with hole sizes.

The drawing shows a General view of the device.

The device for drying grain consists of a cylindrical casing 1, covered with a layer of heat-insulating material 2, a loading hopper 3, an unloading window 4, concentrically fixed from the side of the unloading window 4 of the cup 5 with perforations 6 located between the loading hopper 3 and the unloading window 4, coaxially mounted inside the casing with the possibility of rotation in the gap between the casing 1 and the cup 5 of the transporting working body of the spring type 7 having a rectangular cross section, as well as a cooling device, including a fan 8 and zduhovod 9 connected to the interior of the cup 5 over the unloading window 4. Openings 6 cups 5 are arranged from the feed hopper 3 to the unloading window 4 and are adapted to increase gradually from the hopper 3 to the unloading window 4 in size.

The transporting working body 7 receives a drive from the electric motor 10 through transmission 11. The end surface of the casing 1 from the side of the loading hopper 3 has holes 12. On the outer surface of the casing 1 under the layer of heat-insulating material 2 between the loading hopper 3 and the discharge window 4 there are heating elements 13.

The device operates as follows. Turn on the heating elements 13. After reaching the required temperature of the casing 1, the material is fed into the loading hopper 3, from where it enters the annular gap between the casing 1 and the glass 5, is captured by the transporting working body 7 and moves to the discharge window 4 on the outer surface of the glass 5. with the heated surface of the casing 1, the grain also heats up, loses excess moisture, which are sucked off through openings 6 in the form of steam and then through the air duct 9 with a stream of air blown by the fan 8 through openings 12 in casing 1. Dry grain is removed from the device through the discharge window 4.

Coating the outer surface of the casing with a layer of insulating material makes it possible to reduce heat loss, most of which is spent on heating the grain in the annular gap between the casing and the glass, and also accelerate the process of achieving the required temperature of the casing. In addition, it eliminates the possibility of burns for maintenance personnel in contact with the outer surface of the casing. Due to the relatively small size of the annular gap due to heat radiation from the inner surface of the casing and convection during operation, the transporting working body and the cup are also heated, which further increases the contact area of the heated surfaces with the grain.

When performing a transporting working body with a rectangular cross-section, the versatility and reliability of the device increases, since it can work with grain of any crops, the maximum size of which does not exceed the size of the annular gap between the casing and the glass.

The presence of holes in the end surface of the casing from the side of the hopper improves the conditions for the passage of air flow through the grain layer in the gap between the casing and the glass, as a result of which the amount of evaporated moisture increases. The dimensions of the cup openings gradually increasing from the loading hopper to the unloading window make it possible to evenly distribute the air flow over the grain layer.

In addition, the proposed device for drying grain is simpler in design and operation compared to the prototype.

The device can be used both independently and as part of technological lines for drying grain or heating in order to destroy its pests. When using the device as part of production and technological lines, its duct can be connected to the general aspiration network of the room.

Sourse of information

1. Patent RU No. 2179067. - Publ. Bull. No 4, 02/10/02

Claims (1)

A device for drying grain containing a cylindrical casing, a loading hopper, an unloading window, a perforated cup concentrically mounted in the casing from the side of the unloading window, located between the loading bunker and the unloading window, coaxially mounted inside the casing for rotation and transporting a spring-type working body located in the gap between the casing and the glass, heating elements and a cooling device consisting of a fan and an air duct connected to the internal cavity of the glass for unloading window, characterized in that the outer surface of the casing is covered with a layer of heat-insulating material, the transporting working element is made of rectangular cross-section, the heating elements are placed on the outer surface of the casing under the layer of heat-insulating material between the loading hopper and the discharge window along helical lines, the end surface of the casing from the side of the loading hopper made perforated, and the perforation of the Cup is made with gradually increasing from the hopper to the discharge window dimensions holes.