RU2262990C2 - Pressure-tight separator for separating emulsions - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: centrifugal apparatus or machines for carrying out physical or chemical processes.

SUBSTANCE: separator comprises pressure-tight means for supplying initial emulsion and discharging light and heavy fractions and drum mounted on the vertical shaft and provided with the base having the hub and lid interconnected with a nut, stack of conical plates mounted on the plate holder with the lid, bearing cone, bottom, and protecting casing, separating plate, chambers for preliminary separation defined by the vertical radial baffles and additional baffles, and zones for receiving light fraction interposed between them and bounded by sloping bottoms and streamlined walls connected with the pairs of additional baffles. The passages for flowing light fraction from the receiving zones to the zone for discharging from the chamber of preliminary separation are provided between the baffles. The passages are bounded from bellow by additional sloping bottoms and from above with the lid of the plate holder to define passages for discharging light fraction and washing agents when washing the separator. The bottom sections of the chambers for preliminary separation are covered with a protection casing and provided with the bottom to reduce turbulization of emulsion when it enters the chamber, and piston moves during the discharge of sediment.

EFFECT: enhanced efficiency.

2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to equipment for separating emulsions into fractions in a centrifugal force field and can be used in food and other industries.

Known hermetic separator model MRPX-714 company "Alfa Laval" (see company brochures). This separator includes devices for the pressurized supply of the initial emulsion and the withdrawal of light and heavy fractions, a drum mounted on a vertical shaft, containing a base and a cover fastened with a nut, a separating plate, a package of conical plates, a plate holder with a support cone, in which channels for passage of the emulsion into a package of conical plates through holes made on their conical parts.

The disadvantage of this separator is the technical contradiction inherent in the design of the conical plates, namely, upward through the cone, the total flow area of the inter-plate spaces decreases, and the concentration of the light fraction increases, which prevents its free exit from the separation zone, due to which the separation efficiency decreases. In addition, for separators of this design, which has become traditional, the package of plates is unevenly loaded on the height of the useful separation work, which also reduces the efficiency of the separator, and the central axial part of the drum is occupied by the body of the tray holder and does not take part in the useful work of separating the emulsion into fractions.

Also known is a separator for separating emulsions, mainly milk, including a drum containing a base plate cover plate, a plate holder, the conical supporting part of which has openings for supplying the original emulsion to the plate package, pressure chambers with discharge discs of light and heavy fractions and a device for preliminary isolation from an emulsion of large particles of a light fraction, consisting of separating chambers, which simultaneously serve to supply the emulsion to the package of plates formed by the inner surface of the package and plates and vertical radial partitions, rigidly connected with the plate holder along its height, while the separation chambers are located between the zones of removal of the light fraction from the package of plates and communicated with the pressure chamber of the light fraction. SU 1076148 A, B 04 V 1/08, 11/02.

In an additional invention to this separator, SU 1214214 A, B 04 B 1/08, to uniformly load a plate pack and increase productivity, an additional partition is installed at the bottom of each separation chamber between vertical radial partitions, the height of which is 1 / 3-1 / 2 of the height the inner cylindrical surface of the package of plates, while for self-unloading separators, each additional partition has a V-shape in cross section and openings for passage of particles into the inter-gap gaps.

The disadvantages of this separator are: irrational use of the internal released volume of the drum, because of which the pre-separation chambers have a limited volume, which reduces the efficiency of emulsion separation in these chambers: additional baffles installed at an angle to the axis of the drum cut off a significant amount of pre-separation chambers that are not involved in separation, narrow the bore in the lower part, which increases the speed of the ascending flows of the emulsion, reducing the efficiency of allocation of hours egg light fraction.

The closest technical solution to the proposed one is a separator for separating emulsions, mainly milk, including means for introducing the initial emulsion and outputting light and heavy fractions, a drum containing a base with a hub and a cover, a plate package, a plate holder having a housing and a support cone for a plate package, separating-feeding chambers, separated by partitions, and receiving zones of a light fraction located between them, in which the body of the plate holder is equipped with an additional cone forming with a hub channel for the passage of the emulsion, and with the support cone - the zone of primary separation of the emulsion, divided by partitions into sectors that are in communication with the separating-feeding chambers, the receiving zones of the light fraction are limited to the inclined bottoms attached to the support cone of the plate holder and the streamlined walls rigidly connected to the body and a support cone of the plate holder with additional partitions, doubling the number of separation-feeding chambers. RU 2195370 C2 7, 04 V 1/08.

The disadvantages of this separator include the lack of tools to ensure uniform loading of the package of plates, because the use of known means for this in this design is very difficult. This reduces the performance of the separator, in addition, the output of the light fraction is carried out from the receiving zones to the high pressure zone in comparison with the output from the preliminary separation chambers, which reduces the separation efficiency of the emulsion in the plate package, as well as a semi-closed design allowing the separation products to come into contact with air.

The technical result of the invention is to increase the performance of the separator.

To achieve this result, a hermetic separator is proposed for separating an emulsion, mainly milk, including means for introducing the initial emulsion and outputting light and heavy fractions and a drum mounted on a vertical shaft, containing a base with a hub and a cover fastened with a nut, a package of conical plates, a separating plate, a piston for centrifugal unloading of sediment, preliminary separation chambers separated by partitions, and light fraction receiving zones located between them, limited by attached tilted bottoms and streamlined walls to the support cone of the plate holder, rigidly connected to the support cone of the plate holder by additional partitions doubling the number of pre-separation chambers, according to the invention, the walls of the receiving zones are connected to paired additional partitions forming channels for passing the light fraction from the receiving zones into each other the area of its output and the additional inclined bottoms closed from below, and from the top by the cover of the plate holder, forming channels for exit easily fractions and channels for the exit of detergents during CIP washing, while the preliminary separation chambers in their lower part are closed with a protective casing and bottom to reduce emulsion turbulization at the entrance to these chambers and when the piston moves during centrifugal discharge of sediment, and to ensure uniform loading of a package of plates on the vertical radial partitions of the plate holder fixed variable cross-section of the lining, the length or height of which exceeds half the height of the inner cylinder nical parts of the disc stack and the edge pads, lapped by the emulsion, are streamlined.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where in Fig.1 schematically shows a separator in longitudinal partial section, in Fig.2 - section aa in figure 1, figure 3 - section bB in figure 1, figure 4 - view In figure 2, figure 5 is a cross section GG in figure 4.

The hermetic separator for separating the emulsion, mainly milk, includes means for introducing the initial emulsion and withdrawing light and heavy fractions and a drum 1 mounted on a vertical shaft, comprising a base 2 with a hub 3 and a cover 4 fastened with a nut 5, a package of conical plates 6, assembled on plate holder 7 with a cover 8 and a support cone 9 for a package of plates, a separating plate 10, pre-separation chambers 11 formed by vertical radial partitions 12 and additional partitions 13, located nye therebetween receiving area 14 of the light fraction, limited sloping bottoms 15 and bullet-shaped walls 16, rigidly associated with paired additional baffles 17, define between them channels 18 for the passage of the light fraction of the receiving zones in the lead-out area 19 of the light fraction from the preliminary separation chamber. The channels 18 from below are limited by additional inclined bottoms 20, and from above by a plate holder lid forming channels 21 for separating detergents with a separating plate during in-line washing of the separator, and in the axial central part of the drum, channels 22 are in communication with preliminary separation chambers and with additional channels 18. The preliminary separation chambers from below are closed by the bottom 23 with the formation of channels 24 for the sediment to enter the collection zone, and with the formation of the channel 25 with the hub of the base, a protective casing 26 is installed to prevent yuschy emulsion turbulence at the inlet into the separation zone. The bottom 23 prevents turbulence of the emulsion during centrifugal discharge of sediment. To ensure uniform loading of the package of plates on the vertical radial partitions 12 are fixed, for example, with glue of variable cross section, pads 27, which in the lower part overlap a part of the interstitial slots, larger at the inlet of the emulsion into the package than in the upper part of the plate package, the length (height) of these linings, which can be made of various materials, including plastic, exceeds half the height of the inner cylindrical part of the plate package. Figures 4 and 5 show these pads, where the chord C is selected by calculation, and the angle "α" depends on the separated product and should ensure good washability of the emulsion particles from the faces of the pads, R is the radius of the landing surface of the package plates. Figure 3 shows the node convergence of the partitions, and above this node partitions 12 and 13 form channels 28 for the exit of the light fraction into the zone of its output. In addition to the main purpose, the support cone 9, the cover 8, the protective casing 26 and the convergence unit of the partitions provide structural rigidity to the plate holder. To ensure centrifugal discharge of sediment in the drum, the piston 29 is conventionally shown. The base 2 is fixed on the vertical shaft with a nut 30.

Device operation

After a working speed has been set by the drum, an initial emulsion is fed into it through a channel in a vertical shaft, for example, milk, which, passing through channel 25, enters the lower part of the preliminary separation chambers, where it is purified from mechanical impurities and milk protein in a centrifugal field with the simultaneous isolation of mainly the largest fat particles, which are sent to the axial part of the drum and then to the output zone of the light fraction 19, then milk, flowing around the inclined bottoms 15 and 20, enters the upper part of the chambers digestive separation, which serves at the same time to feed the package of plates, in the inter-tray spaces of which the final separation of milk into cream and back takes place, which through the gaps between the lid 4 and the separation plate 10 enters the device for hermetically withdrawing the heavy fraction, and the cream through the channels 18, 22 and 28 enter the exit zone of the light fraction 19, from where the mixture of the light fraction enters the sealed device for its output from the separator. The adjustment of the concentration of the light fraction and the pressure at the outlet of the charge is carried out in a known manner using chokes installed on the outlet pipes (not shown). For the first time, applied overlapping pads of variable cross section smoothly increase the cross-sectional cross-sectional gaps along the height of the packet, ensuring its uniform loading, are fixed outside the working zone of the preliminary separation chambers, releasing a considerable amount of them for useful work, in comparison with the known separator and its strips of similar purpose. Preliminary milk purification with the selection of the largest fat particles before the plate pack opens up the possibility of an additional increase in the performance of the Victoria separators by reducing the inter-plate spaces and lowering the height of each plate, increasing the number of plates in the bag, especially since lining of variable cross section evenly loads any package of plates. On these separators, milk with a reduced temperature can be separated, including cold milk. Experimental developments and calculations show the possibility of obtaining an increase in the performance of separators with a new separation scheme up to 2-2.5 times in comparison with the separators of the traditional separation scheme.

Claims (1)

A hermetic separator for separating emulsions, mainly milk, including means for introducing the initial emulsion and outputting light and heavy fractions and a drum mounted on a vertical shaft, containing a base with a hub and a cover fastened with a nut, a package of conical plates, a plate holder with a support cone for a plate package, a separation a plate, a piston for centrifugal unloading of sediment, pre-separation chambers separated by partitions, and light reception areas located between them, limited attached to the support cone of the plate holder inclined bottoms and streamlined walls, rigidly connected to the support cone of the plate holder by additional partitions, doubling the number of pre-separation chambers, characterized in that the walls of the receiving zones are connected to paired additional partitions, forming channels for passage of light fraction from the receiving zones in the zone of its output and closed at the bottom by additional inclined bottoms, and on top by the cover of the plate holder, forming channels for the exit of the light fraction and the channels for the exit of detergents during CIP washing, while the preliminary separation chambers in their lower part are closed with a protective casing and a bottom to reduce emulsion turbulization at the entrance to these chambers and during piston movements during centrifugal discharge of sediment, to ensure the uniform loading of the plate package on the vertical radial partitions of the plate holder is fixed to a variable cross-section of the lining, the length or height of which exceeds half the height of the inner nney cylindrical part of the disc stack and the edges overlap lapped emulsion are streamlined.

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