RU2261577C1 - Sieve-free combine - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agricultural engineering, in particular, equipment for threshing and separating of grain heap.

SUBSTANCE: combine has header, threshing drum, grain hopper, straw walkers and tossing board. Air chamber positioned below straw walkers is divided into two sections. First section for collecting of first-grade grain is communicating with grain hopper through elevator. Second section of air chamber is connected through air ducts with dust fan and with pull-type hopper.

EFFECT: simplified construction and high-quality sorting of grain heap.

3 dwg

Description

The device relates to the field of agricultural production, to combine harvesters for harvesting and threshing grain crops.

BACKGROUND

An existing analogue to the claimed technical solution is the SK-5M-1 Niva combine (the basic model of the SK-5 combine), which is mass-produced by the Rostselmash plant. The thresher of the SK-5M-1 Niva combine has a classic design (drum threshing, grating-wind cleaning, straw walker). The cleaning of the heap is carried out in a sieve mill, consisting of two sieves with a heap blowing air stream.

It has the following disadvantages:

1. Quality of cleaning: grain losses according to the passport - 2-3%, actual losses of up to 10% of the grain from the crop, depending on the weediness, moisture of the heap and the quality of adjustment of the sieve cleaning.

2. The difficulty of adjusting the separation device requires highly qualified staff.

3. Sieve cleaning inhibits the performance of the threshing device.

The essence of the invention, a sieve-free harvester is: 1. To eliminate completely the loss of grain in cleaning in any condition of the grain mass. 2. Simplify the adjustment of the separator. 3. Increase the performance of the separation device. 4. Separate the first grade grain from the heap by air flow and send it with an elevator to the grain tank, and send the second grade grain with seed and spikelets by pneumatic transport to the trailed hopper and then to the current.

The sieveless harvester, including the header, threshing drum, straw walker, shaking board, grain hopper, two fans and air ducts, differs from the analogue in that it has an air chamber located under the straw walker and an additional trailed hopper, while the dust fan is mounted on the right the side of the thresher, and the air chamber is divided into two compartments, with the first compartment for collecting only grain of the first grade connected to the grain silo by the elevator, and the second compartment of the air chamber for collecting grain of the second grade with Gloss and coupled with sexual pulverized fan which is connected to ducts with a trailing hopper.

This scheme of the combine without sieves allows you to:

1. Qualitatively sort the heap of bread.

2. Select and collect grain of the first grade and send it to the grain tank.

3. Direct the second-grade grain with spikelets and genitalia into the trailed hopper and then to the current, which reduces the total grain loss during harvesting.

The claimed technical solution is illustrated by drawings, where Fig. 1 shows an aggregate, side view, Fig. 2 shows a fragment of a thresher with an air chamber and fans, Fig. 3 shows a section I-I.

Description

The combine unit consists of a combine without sieves with a header pos. 1 and the trailed hopper pos. 2 The combine without sieves consists of a header, a classic threshing device with one threshing drum, a shaking board, a straw walker, two fans pos. 3-4, with the fan pos. 3 discharge (standard), the second fan is a dusty suction pos. 4 with air ducts mounted on the right side of the thresher in the zone of the air chamber located under the straw walker, the air chamber is divided into two compartments, the first compartment (I) for collecting only grain of the first grade is connected by an elevator to the grain hopper, and the second compartment (II) of the air chamber for collecting grain with spikelets and the floor is connected by ducts with a fan pos. 4 with trailed hopper pos. 2.

The grain falling from the last trellised section of the shaker board into the air chamber is blown by the air flow of the fan pos. 3 at a speed of 5-6 m / s. Heavy grain in this stream precipitates in the area of the first compartment of the air chamber, is collected and transported by the elevator to the grain tank, and second-class grain with spikelets and sex comes into the second compartment of the air chamber, is sucked by a dusty fan pos. 4 and is transported through air ducts to the trailed hopper pos. 2.

The air chamber has aerial windows pos. 5 of variable section, the windows are located on the sides of the thresher under the straw walker, which provide the necessary air balance of the second compartment of the air chamber.

To ensure complete suction of the heap with a dusty fan from the second compartment, the latter has a cantilever screw pos. 6. At the end of the straw walker, a straw chopper pos. 7, the straw is chopped and scattered across the field.

Claims (1)

A sieveless harvester including a header, threshing drum, straw walker, grain hopper, shaking board, two fans and air ducts, characterized in that it is equipped with a trailed hopper and an air chamber located under the straw walker, with a dusty fan mounted on the side of the thresher, and an air the chamber is divided into two compartments, the first compartment for collecting only grain of the first grade is connected by an elevator to the grain hopper, and the second compartment for collecting grain of the second grade with spikelets and the floor is equipped with a screw, connected by air oestriasis pulverized with a fan with a trailing hopper.

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