RU2259781C1 - Feedstuff for calves - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: combined feedstuff industry, feedstuffs for calves.

SUBSTANCE: the suggested feedstuff includes, weight%: barley 50-62, sunflower oil cake 20-21, brewery mash 3-6, premix PKR-1 0.5-2, common salt - the rest, wheat bran 3-4, dry skimmed milk 3-5, fodder phosphates 0.5-1 and chalk 0.3-0.5, moreover, brewery mash - at moisture content being 15% and particles' size of 0.5-0.8 mm. The innovation enables to obtain feedstuff balanced by amino acid composition, carbohydrates, lipids, macro- and micro-elements and vitamins to provide stability of gastro-intestinal tract, high performance in animals to keep their health successfully. This feedstuff has got prolonged storage terms, its composition provides widened assortment of feedstuffs. Moreover, it enables to intensify growth gain in calves in earlier age at great content of muscular tissue and minimal content of low-valuable parts for the purpose to grow high-performance breeding stock of preset exterior.

EFFECT: higher efficiency of application.

3 ex, 2 tbl

Description

The invention relates to the feed industry, namely to feed for calves.

Known calf feed containing barley, wheat, wheat bran, grass flour, common salt and premix (see USSR copyright certificate 1785424, A 23 K 1/16, 1990).

Known feed additive for farm animals, including beer pellets, meat and bone meal and / or bone meal and blood of slaughtered animals or products of its processing (RF patent 2115330 A 23 K 1/06, 1998).

The supplement is universal for all types of feed and fed animals.

Known feed for young cattle containing beer grains, coffee slurry and sugar production waste (see USSR author's certificate 1722390, A 23 K 1/16, 1990).

Known calf feed containing barley, sunflower meal, beer pellet, premix PKR-1, table salt (see RF patent 2140166 A 23 K 1/16, 1998).

Known feeds have a high cost, are not balanced in terms of protein composition.

The technical task of the claimed invention is the creation of feed, balanced in amino acid composition, carbohydrates, lipids, micro and macro elements and vitamins, ensuring the formation of the gastrointestinal tract, high productivity of animals, maintaining their health, as well as feed with a long shelf life, which allows to expand assortment of feed. In addition, the feed allows you to intensify the growth of calves at an earlier age, with a high content of muscle tissue and a minimum content of low-value parts and for growing highly productive broodstock and a given exterior.

The problem is solved by creating feed for calves, including barley, sunflower meal, beer pellet, premix PKR-1, table salt, while additionally containing wheat bran, skimmed milk powder, feed phosphates and chalk, and beer pellet with a moisture content of 15% and a particle size of 0.5-0.8 mm, with the following ratio of components, wt.%:

barley 50-62 sunflower meal 20-21 beer grains 3-6 premix PKR-1 0.5-2 wheat bran 3-4 skimmed milk powder 3-5 feed phosphates 0.5-1 a piece of chalk 0.3-0.5 table salt rest

Premix contains vitamins A, D ₃ , E, group B, PP, biomycin, manganese, iron, magnesium, copper, cobalt, sulfur, Santokhin, grisin.

The inclusion of beer pellets in the feed composition with a moisture content of 15% and a particle size of 0.5-0.8 mm is predetermined by the properties of this component with such organoleptic characteristics.

Beer pellet, not subjected to drying, quickly acidifies, molds. Increases feed toxicity in general. However, the digestibility of wet grains is lower than dry.

In the claimed feed, a dry beer pellet with a moisture content of 15% is taken, since it is in such a pellet that the protein substances are in a digestible form. In addition, in this form, beer pellet and with a particle size of 0.5-0.8 mm is evenly mixed with other components of the feed, stabilizes the mass. The quantitative ratio of beer grains (3-6%) with other components structures the feed mass and is optimal in terms of the water absorption capacity of the latter.

In a known feed, a beer pellet is dried together with one of the feed components, in this case a dry mixture is obtained during processing, which does not provide structural, stabilizing properties of the feed as a whole. The quantitative values of beer grains in known feeds significantly exceed it in the declared feed, which leads to an unjustified increase in the cost of feed.

The chemical and amino acid composition of beer grains with a moisture content of 15 and 76% is given in table 1 (%).

Table 1

Nutrients Beer pellet (humidity not more than 15%) Beer pellet (humidity 76%) dry matter 90.8 40,2 exchange energy, kcal per 100 g 205 112 crude protein 24.7 6.6 crude fat 7.7 1.7 crude ash 4.1 9.7 phosphorus 0.61 0.9 affordable phosphorus 0.31 0.36 linoleic acid 3.0 1,5 Amino acids arginine 1.21 1.3 glycine 0.89 0.6 serine 0.85 0.9 histidine 0.68 0.73 isoleucine 0.89 0.85 leucine 1.65 0.96 lysine 0.9 0.9 methionine 0.50 0.4 cystine 0.39 0.11 phenylalanine 1,5 1,0 tyrosine 0.81 0.83 threonine 0.79 0.6 valine 1.26 0.9

Any function of the body’s vital activity is associated with mineral metabolism, the most important elements of which are chalk and feed phosphates (monocalcium phosphate, dicalcium phosphate, tricalcium phosphate). The feed phosphates in the declared feed (0.5-1%) in terms of phosphorus content meet the requirement for complete feeds for agricultural animals, for example calves. Calve digestive enzymes have maximum activity in an acidic environment, feed phosphates, in particular monocalcium phosphate, increase the acidity of the feed, thereby activating the digestion process.

Chalk is a source of calcium, the introduction of 0.3-0.5% in the feed is sufficient for the physiological norm of animals and this amount does not affect the structure of the feed as a whole.

The quantitative indicators of each ingredient are selected taking into account their biological value and taking into account the synergism of such components as beer pellets, with a moisture content of 15%, and plant components.

The clinical manifestations of nutrient deficiency are associated with a violation of the usual biological processes, which have individual characteristics for each nutrient.

The combination of feed ingredients, their quantitative values allow us to consider the proposed feed is balanced in amino acid composition.

The food is prepared by mixing the ingredients, and it can be prepared in advance, since the shelf life is up to 30 days.

Examples are presented in table 2, experiments were carried out on calves aged 1-4 months.

table 2 Nutritional Components and Indicators Examples 1 2 3 barley fifty 55 61 sunflower meal 21 twenty twenty beer grains 6 4 3 wheat bran 4 5 6 skimmed milk powder 5 4 3 feed phosphates 1 1 0.5 a piece of chalk 0.5 0.4 0.3 premix 2 1 0.5 table salt rest 1 kg contains: ECE (energy feed unit) 1.23 1.23 1.23 OE, MJ (exchange energy) 10.32 11.35 12.35 dry matter, kg 0.86 0.86 0.86 crude protein, g 188.2 180 195 digestible protein, g 166.3 163 183 crude fat, g 38 36 38 crude fiber, g 71.9 72.5 73.5 calcium, g 7.5 7.4 7.4 phosphorus, g 6.8 7.0 7.0 iron mg 117.9 129.5 129.5 copper mg 8.25 8.4 8.4 zinc mg 42,2 44,4 44,4 manganese, mg 21.0 25,4 25,4 vitamins A, thousand IU 5 5 5 D thousand ME 2.9 2.9 2.9 E mg 32.9 32,5 32,5 B ₁ mg 4.26 4.2 4.2 B ₂ , MG 3,55 3,5 3,5 B ₃ mg 15.34 14.9 14.9 ₄ mg 12.77 12.51 12.51 ₅ mg 83.5 80.5 80.5 B ₁₂ , mcg 31.6 31.6 31.6

The organization of proper breeding corresponded to the standards of calf needs to obtain a gain in live weight at the level of 750-800 g per day.

The cost of feed per unit of growth in calves is lower than feed for the prototype by 4.7%, for dry matter by 5.2%, and feed consumption is lower by 2.7%.

The claimed feed corresponds to the biological characteristics of the growth and development of calves, being a complete feed, balanced in nutrients and biologically active substances in accordance with detailed feeding standards.

Claims (1)

Calf feed containing barley, sunflower meal, beer pellet, PKR-1 premix and common salt, characterized in that it additionally contains wheat bran, skimmed milk powder, feed phosphates and chalk, while the beer pellet is taken with a moisture content of 15% and a particle size of 0.5-0.8 mm in the following ratio of components, wt.%: Barley 50-62 Sunflower meal 20-21 Beer grains 3-6 Premix PKR-1 0.5-2 Wheat bran 3-4 Skimmed milk powder 3-5 Feed phosphates 0.5-1 a piece of chalk 0.3-0.5 Common salt Rest