RU2259534C1 - Armored vest - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: development of means of individual protection, in particular, universal armored vests of various protection classes.

SUBSTANCE: the armored vest has a chest and back sections, fastening-adjusting components, shock-absorbing supports and outer covers, the sections are made in the form of sets of protective elements consisting of multi-layer packages ballistic fabric with junctions and armored plates positioned between the layers of the ballistic fabric the armored plates with provision of overlapping between the adjacent armored plates. At least 5 layers of fabric are placed in the protective elements before the armored plate, and the junction for placement for placement of the upper armored plate is positioned in the side part of the section, the fastening-adjusting components are made in the form of shoulder elements of fabric attached to the chest and back sections and interconnected textile fasteners and belts with buckles, and a belt attachment including a side catch for connection of the chest and back sections and an inner and outer belts with buckles, and the shock-absorbing support is made in the form of springing longitudinal rollers with a coating of fabric. The packages of ballistic fabric of the protective elements are connected on the rear wall by an additional stitch. Overlapping of 10-20 mm is provided between the adjacent armored-plates.

EFFECT: enhanced service life of the armored vest, enhanced reliability of protection, improved ergonomic characteristics, provided more uniform distribution of the weight load.

7 cl, 2 dwg, 1 tbl, 1 ex

Description

The invention relates to the development of personal protective equipment, in particular to universal body armor, which can be used to provide various classes of protection.

Known body armor containing the chest and dorsal sections located in the covers, connected by fastening and adjusting devices containing packages of ballistic fabric with rigid armor elements and cushioning pads (described in patent RU No. 2121644 C1, F 41 H 1/02, published 10.11.98) .

Side fixing and adjusting devices of the specified vest are fixed only on the outside of the back section, which does not provide the necessary density of the vest on the user's body. The remaining gaps reduce the protective performance, and the perforated cushioning pads do not provide the necessary ventilation level for the vest space, which does not provide the comfort of using the vest during intense physical exertion, and especially in hot climates.

A similar design has a bulletproof vest described in patent RU No. 2075720 C 1, F 41 H 1/02, published on 03.20.97.

The closest analogue of the claimed body armor is the vest described in patent RU No. 2090826 C1, F 41 H 1/02, published on 09/20/97.

The specified bulletproof vest contains chest and back sections, fastening and adjusting means, depreciation support and outer covers, the sections being made in the form of sets of protective elements consisting of multilayer packages of ballistic fabric with connectors and with armored plates placed between the layers of ballistic fabric. Between adjacent armor plates provide overlap of 0.7-2 thickness of the tissue section. The number of tissue layers located on the outside of the section in front of the armor plates is 0.1 - 0.3 of the total number of tissue layers in the section. This coefficient corresponds to 1 to 3 layers of tissue in front of the armor plate. During operation, there is a rapid abrasion of layers of fabric located on the outside of the section. In addition, this number of tissue layers is not enough to capture high-energy fragments formed during the dismantling of bullets with heat-strengthened cores.

Another disadvantage of the known design is that the connector through which the entrance to the pocket of the upper armor plate is located is located in the upper part of the section, so that the entrance to the pocket is through the neck. This does not allow fastening the section packs along the neck, and fixation occurs only along the line of one shoulder. For this reason, the suspension of two elements in the chest and dorsal sections on the shoulder girdle occurs unevenly. During operation, the warp (weft) of the fabric experiences different stresses. The load, for example, from the lower armored element is distributed only on one shoulder, which creates an unstable amount of overlap along the entire length of the overlap of the armored elements. This reduces the protective properties of the vest as a whole.

The fastening and adjusting device in the known body armor is a strap made of elastic braid, which is attached with a machine line to the shoulder of the chest and dorsal sections. Adjustment is achieved only by fractional stretching of the braid, which is not enough. The second disadvantage of an elastic strap is the loss of elastic properties of the braid, the dimensions of which cannot be restored after stretching due to constant weight loads on the braid.

In the region of the belt in the known vest, the chest and dorsal sections are connected using an elastic belt fastened with a Velcro-style textile fastener. The disadvantage of this fastening and adjusting device is that with its use only the second level of protection can be provided. With heavier vests with a protection level above the fifth, the elastic fastening and adjusting device becomes unusable in a very short time.

In the well-known vest between adjacent armor plates, they provide an overlap of 0.7-2 thicknesses of the fabric section, which is 2-8 mm, however, such an overlap is not enough to provide the necessary level of safety. In addition, when a bullet ricochet from the lower armored element, it is possible to overcome its overlap. The likelihood of such a combination of circumstances is small, but it is necessary to reduce its level.

The depreciation support of the known vest is made in the form of transverse (horizontally located) elastic elements, however, this arrangement of the depreciation elements prevents the natural ventilation of the vest space by convection, when warm air from under the clothes rises up, and the cold enters from below to its place, i.e. air flows have a vertical (longitudinal) direction under the body armor. The cushioning elements are not covered by a fabric and often come off the base of the body armor cover. They are rigidly fixed on the cover and are quickly pressed during wear, which does not provide reliability and ergonomic properties of the shock absorbing backing.

The task of the claimed invention is to eliminate the above disadvantages of the known body armor selected for the prototype.

The technical result of the invention is to increase the service life of the bulletproof vest, increase the reliability of protection, improve ergonomic indicators, ensure a more uniform distribution of the weight load.

To solve this problem, a bulletproof vest is proposed, containing the chest and dorsal sections, fastening and adjusting means, depreciation support and external covers, the sections being made in the form of sets of protective elements consisting of multilayer packages of ballistic fabric with connectors and armored plates placed between layers of ballistic fabric with providing overlap between adjacent armor plates. In the protective elements in front of the armored plate there is a package comprising at least 5 layers of fabric, and the connector for placing the upper armored plate is located in the side of the section, while the fastening and adjusting means are made in the form of shoulder elements made of fabric attached to the chest and back sections and connected between textile fasteners and belts with buckles, and a waist fastener, including a lateral retainer for connecting the chest and back sections and the inner and outer belts with buckles, and the suspension strut is made He is in the form of spring-loaded longitudinal rollers coated with fabric.

The invention is illustrated in figures 1 and 2.

Figure 1 shows the bulletproof vest containing the chest 1 and dorsal 2 sections, fastening and adjusting means 3. In figure 2 shows the depreciation support 4 and the outer covers 5.

Sections 1 and 2 are made in the form of sets of protective elements 6, consisting of multilayer packages of ballistic fabric with connectors and placed between the layers of ballistic fabric with armor plates 7. In the protective elements 6 in front of the armor plate there is a package comprising at least 5 layers of fabric, and a connector for the placement of the upper armor plate is located in the lateral part of the sections, while the fastening and adjusting means 3 are made in the form of shoulder elements (straps) attached to the chest and dorsal sections and interconnected textiles fastened by clasps 8 and belts 9 with buckles 10, and a waist fastener, including a lateral latch 11 for connecting the chest 1 and dorsal 2 sections and the inner 18 and outer 12 belts with buckles, and the shock absorbing 4 is made in the form of spring-loaded longitudinal rollers 13, coated from fabric.

Packages of ballistic fabric of protective elements, to increase anti-ricochet protection, are connected at the top of the sections by an additional line 14.

Between the upper and lower armor plates provide an overlap of 15 with a value of at least 10-20 mm.

The latch 11 of the back section is connected to the chest section of the body armor using a textile fastener 16 sewn onto the chest section cover.

The protective elements of the 6 sections are equipped with connectors 19 of a size of 0.3-1.5 with a maximum size of 17 armor plates for free entry of the armored plate into a pocket located between the layers of ballistic fabric. Connector 19 is shown in section AA.

The protective elements 6 can be made so that the main package of ballistic fabric is located at a distance of 20 from the armor plate. The distance 20 is chosen equal to the value of 2-5 thickness of the armor plate. To fix the distance 20, use an additional pad of lightweight porous material, for example, polyethylene foam.

Distinctive features of the claimed invention perform the following functions.

The fact that in the protective elements in front of the armored plate there is a package that includes at least 5 layers of fabric allows you to increase the life of the body armor, since they do not wear off so quickly. In addition, an increase in the number of tissue layers located in front of the armor plate to 5 layers or higher in the protective element provides a more reliable capture of secondary fragments from the cores and other products of bullet defragmentation resulting from shelling of bulletproof vests of all protection classes.

Placing the connector for the upper armored plate in the side of the section allows you to suspend the protective elements evenly with the distribution of the same load on the right and left shoulder and allows you to observe a clearly defined overlap between the armor elements. It also enhances the protective properties of the structure as a whole.

The implementation of fastening and adjusting means in the form of shoulder elements 3, for example, from a cover fabric attached to the chest 1 and dorsal 2 sections and interconnected by textile fasteners 8 when duplicating it with belts 9 with buckles 10, allows the body armor to withstand the load, which increases in proportion to the increase the mass of armor plates while increasing the level of protection of body armor.

The implementation of the belt fastening, including a lateral latch 11 for connecting the chest 1 and dorsal 2 sections and the inner 18 and outer 12 belts with buckles, allows the latch to quickly connect the sections to each other using a textile fastener, and the inner belt 18 additionally tightly draw it to the user's body, which makes it possible to improve ergonomic indicators due to the tight fit of the body armor on the human body, more evenly distribute the weight of the body armor and increase the protective indicators, as the element, together with a fabric bag without cracks, is fixed on the back. External belt 12 finally fixes the necessary connection and landing of parts of the body armor on the torso of a person, which is necessary at the third, fourth, fifth and higher levels of protection according to GOST R 50744-95.

The implementation of depreciation support in the form of spring-loaded longitudinal rollers 13, with a coating of fabric increases the durability of the structure and improves the ventilation of the vest space.

The invention is illustrated by examples 1 and 2.

A body armor 4 of a conditional size (height) of the 5th protection class according to GOST R 50744-95 was made, containing the chest 1 and dorsal 2 sections located in the cover 5. The cover is made of wear-resistant Terlon fabric with hydrophobic impregnation. The fastening and adjusting means 3 is made in the form of shoulder elements (straps) attached to the chest 1 and dorsal 2 sections. Shoulder straps are fastened with 8 velcro-type textile fasteners. Belts 9 are made of textile braid with buckles 10. Side clips 11 connect the chest 1 and dorsal 2 sections of the body armor using a velcro-type textile fastener 16. Depreciation support 4 body armor is placed on the cover 5 and is made in accordance with figure 2. It contains spring-loaded longitudinal vertically arranged rollers 13 coated with fabric. The rollers 13 are made of polyethylene foam grade PPE-RL and sheathed with nylon fabric. The protective elements are made in the form of a package of ballistic fabric art.56319 with a total number of layers of ballistic fabric (in front of and behind the armor plate) equal to 25, and can be equipped with an additional line 14 in the upper part of the section. Armor plates are made of armor steel 6 mm thick with the amount of overlap 10-20 mm. The size of the pocket connector for the lower armor plate is 190 mm, for the upper armor plate - 270 mm. The maximum size of the armor plates is: lower - 310 mm, upper - 265 mm. The properties of bulletproof vest 5 protection class according to the invention, presented in accordance with example 1 and the prototype, are shown in table 1.

Table 1 Body Armor Specifications Body armor according to patent RU№2090826 Body armor according to the invention Life time No more than 5 years Not less than 10 years Body armor protection class 3-4 Up to 6 Bulletproof vest penetration when bullets hit the joint between the upper and lower armor plates Breaking through is possible Penetration excluded Penetration with fragments formed as a result of defragmentation of bullets, tissue layers located in front of the armor plate. Multiple penetrations No penetration Tight fit body armor on the human body Not provided Provided by The amount of overlap between the lower and upper armored elements 2-8 mm 10-20 mm Bulk vest weight distribution Distributed on one shoulder Distributed evenly on both shoulders Reliability of the fastening and adjusting device of straps Stretched during operation Provides reliability during operation Ensuring natural ventilation of the vest Not provided Provided by Reliability of depreciation elements during operation Detachment and compression (crushing) during operation Backwater elements provide strength and reliability during operation

Example 2

A bulletproof vest was made in accordance with Example 1 with a 16 mm thick polyethylene foam PPE-RL placed between the armor plates and packages, including the remaining inner layers of ballistic fabric art.56319 of the protective element. This placement of polyethylene foam allows you to reduce the dynamic effect of bullets on the human body when they enter the body armor plate. For the purpose of technological simplification in the manufacture of body armor, it is possible to place a porous material (or to provide a gap) between other subsequent layers of ballistic fabric of the main package of the protective element.

The proposed body armor in accordance with table 1 provides, in comparison with the known increase in service life, improved ergonomic indicators and increase the level of protective properties.

Claims (7)

1. A bulletproof vest containing chest and back sections, fastening and adjusting means, depreciation support and external covers, the sections being made in the form of sets of protective elements consisting of multilayer packages of ballistic fabric with connectors and with armored plates placed between layers of ballistic fabric, providing overlap between adjacent armor plates, characterized in that the protective element in front of the armor plate contains a package comprising at least 5 layers of ballistic fabric, and a connector for placing the upper br one plates are located in the lateral part of the sections, while the fastening and adjusting means are made in the form of shoulder elements made of fabric attached to the chest and dorsal sections and interconnected by textile fasteners and belts with buckles, and a waist fastener including a lateral fastener for connecting the chest and dorsal sections and internal and external belts with buckles, and depreciation support is made in the form of spring-loaded longitudinal rollers, coated with fabric. 2. Bulletproof vest according to claim 1, characterized in that the packages of ballistic fabric of the protective elements are connected in the upper part of the sections with an additional line. 3. Body armor according to claim 1, characterized in that between the adjacent armor plates the overlap is 10-20 mm. 4. The bulletproof vest according to claim 1, characterized in that the protective elements in the sections are equipped with connectors with a value of 0.3-1.5 of the maximum value of the armor plate. 5. A bulletproof vest containing chest and dorsal sections, fastening and adjusting means, depreciation support and outer covers, the sections being made in the form of sets of protective elements consisting of multilayer packages of ballistic fabric with connectors and with armor plates placed between layers of ballistic fabric, ensuring overlap between adjacent armor plates, characterized in that the protective element in front of the armor plate contains a package comprising at least 5 layers of ballistic fabric, and a package including the remaining layers the ballistic tissue of the protective element is located at a distance from the armor plate equal to 2-5 the thickness of the armor plate, while the connector for placing the upper armor plate is located in the side of the sections, while the fastening and adjusting means are made in the form of shoulder elements made of fabric attached to the chest and the back sections and interconnected by textile fasteners and belts with buckles, and a waist fastener, including a lateral retainer for connecting the chest and back sections and internal and external belts with yazhkami and cushioning backwater is made in the form of a resilient longitudinal ridges, with fabric coating. 6. Body armor according to claim 5, characterized in that the distance between the armor plate and the package, including the remaining layers of ballistic tissue of the protective element, is filled with porous material. 7. Bulletproof vest according to claim 6, characterized in that between the armored plate and the porous material, one or more layers of ballistic fabric are additionally located.

Images