RU2258782C1 - Fish-passing facility - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: hydraulic structures, particularly fish passing facilities to permit brood fishes to pass through retaining structures to spawning and meadow areas.

SUBSTANCE: fish-passing facility includes power supply unit, the main fish accumulating fume, stimulating device mounted on horizontal guide members parallel to side fish accumulating fume walls, ichthyological area arranged between upper and lower gates of lock chamber and additional fish accumulating fume installed coaxially with the main one and performing movement relative side walls thereof by drive. Initial part of additional fish accumulating fume has netted gate. Side walls thereof adjoin that of the main fish accumulating fume. Upper edges of additional fish accumulating fume are installed on additional guiding members by means of rollers.

EFFECT: provision of effective conditions in lower hydrosystem pool to attract fish directly from search zone due to reciprocal moving additional fish accumulating fume relative the main one.

6 cl, 12 dwg

Description

The invention relates to hydraulic engineering, and in particular to methods and structures intended for passing fish producers through retaining structures to spawning and feeding grounds.

Known fish passage structure [1], including a power supply, two tray-fish storage, combined with each other.

The disadvantage of this structure is the uneven planned velocity plot created inside the fish storage trays, as well as the low efficiency of attracting fish from the downstream.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved result is a fish passage structure [2], including a power supply unit, a fish storage tray, an incentive device mounted on horizontal rails parallel to the side walls of the fish storage tray, an ichthyological platform located between the bottom and top gates of the lock chamber , and an additional fish tray, made coaxially with the main fish tray.

The disadvantage of this layout of the trays, fish fishery is the low efficiency of attracting fish from the downstream.

The aim of the invention is the creation of effective hydraulic conditions in the downstream of the waterworks, providing the ability to attract fish directly from the search zone.

The invention consists in the following.

According to claim 1 of the claims. Due to the implementation of the telescopic fish-storage tray (the additional tray has the ability to move relative to the main tray), it becomes possible to attract fish against the background of lower downstream speeds - directly in the search area. This moment makes it possible to increase the efficiency of attracting fish at distant approaches to the spillway dam. In addition, the fish-bearing capacity of the structure increases by 1.5-1.8 times, that is, the total number of fish accumulated in the tray. Installing an additional tray with rollers on additional guides allows you to freely move it along the longitudinal axis of the structure.

According to claim 2 of the claims. The implementation of the initial part of the additional tray with a ballast compartment attached to its bottom, provides additional stability of the tray when it is pulled into the lower tail.

According to claim 3 of the claims. The execution of the bottom of the additional tray hollow from the sealed frame provides even greater stability against the background of the hydraulic conditions of the downstream.

According to claim 4 of the claims. The execution of the bottom of the additional tray with rollers allows to reduce friction-grip when moving the tray in the guides and to increase the reliability of moving the additional tray relative to the main tray-fish storage.

According to claim 5, the claims. The execution of the side walls of the additional fish-carrier tray is perforated, and the diameter of the perforation holes is smaller than the minimum mid-section of the attracted fish, which ensures better conditions for the stability of the tray relative to the river flow and ensures the guaranteed location of the accumulated fish inside the fish-carrier. In this case, in the case of increased flow rates in the tray, an additional flow of water from the water surrounding the tray is ejected into the perforation holes. In addition, when the additional fish tray is pulled into the main tray, the fish grill installed at the beginning of the additional tray experiences less hydrodynamic pressure from the flow, since most of the water volume is filtered through the perforation holes.

According to claim 6, claims. The implementation of additional guides, carried out towards the downstream, beyond the range of the entrance to the main fish-storage tray allows for more reliable operation of the additional fish-storage tray. At the same time, additional guides are fixed on bearing farms installed at the entrance to the main fish storage tray.

The authors presented in sufficient detail the constructive part of the application, illustrated by extensive graphic material, and tried to describe in detail the principle of the device, and also revealed the essence of the invention, which leaves the examination with a minimum of opportunity to request additional materials. For their part, the authors hope for a constructive dialogue with expertise, which will be fruitful for both interested parties.

In general, the design features of the independent and dependent claims meet the criterion of "significant differences" and are so interconnected that they form a single creative concept.

The solution to this problem is achieved by implementing the new design of the fish passage structure, which allows to increase the efficiency of attracting fish from the search zone. Graphic material that explains the essence of the invention is presented in the following figures:

figure 1 - fish passage structure, plan;

figure 2 is the same, a fragment of the plan of the input part;

figure 3 - fish passage structure, inlet, longitudinal section, the operation of attraction;

figure 4 - fish passage structure, inlet, longitudinal section, the operation of the start of the transfer of fish;

figure 5 - the same, an additional tray fish collector combined with the main tray fish collector;

6 is the same, the mesh fabric of the incentive device is omitted;

Fig.7 is the same, the transfer of accumulated fish in the upper pool;

Fig. 8 is a variant of an additional tray with sealed cavities made in its bottom;

Fig.9 is the same, an option with rollers fixed from the bottom of the additional tray-fish storage;

figure 10 is a fragment of an additional tray-fish tank, the walls of which are perforated, isometry;

11 is a variant of the structure with additional guides extended to the downstream installed on the supporting farms;

12 is a cross-sectional view of a fish passage tray.

The fish passage structure includes a power supply unit, a fish storage tray 1, an induction device 2 mounted on horizontal guides 3 made parallel to the side walls 4 of the fish storage tray 1, an ichthyological platform 5 located between the bottom 6 and top 7 shutters of the airlock 8, and an additional tray -fishery tank 9, made coaxially to the main fish-tray 1. The additional fish-tank 9 is made with the possibility of movement relative to the side walls 4 of the main fish-tray 1 by means of a drive 10, wherein the initial part of the additional fish tray 9 is provided with a mesh shutter 11, while the side walls of the additional fish tank 9 are adjacent to the side walls 4 of the main fish tank 1, and the upper edges of the additional fish tank 9 are mounted by rollers 12 on additional horizontal guides 13.

In addition, the initial part of the additional tray-fish tank 9 can be made with a ballast compartment 14 attached to its bottom.

In addition, the bottom of the additional tray-fish tank 9 can be made hollow from a sealed frame 15.

In addition, an additional tray fish collector 9, from the bottom, can be made with rollers 16 attached to its bottom.

In addition, the side walls of the additional fish tank 9 can be perforated, while the diameter of the perforation holes 17 is less than the minimum size of the mid-section of the fish involved in the construction.

In addition, additional guides 13 can be moved towards the downstream 18 beyond the range of the entrance to the main tray-fish storage 1 and are made on bearing farms 19.

The output of the accumulated fish is carried out in the upper tray 20, and then it enters the upper pool of the hydraulic system.

Fish passage works as follows. The operation service, through the power supply unit, supplies the working water flow rate to the fish storage tray 1, which creates favorable hydraulic conditions for attracting fish to the entrance to the structure. To increase the efficiency of attracting fish from the search zone by means of drive 10, an additional fish storage tray 9 is put forward in the direction of the downstream 18. In this case, against the background of the hydraulic conditions of the search zone, stable conditions are created for the allocation of the “plume” of speeds that attract the fish, which allows attracting fish at an early stage and prevent its passage to the spillway dam. At the end of the attracting process, the power supply’s clinches are closed, the mesh shutter 11 is lowered (FIG. 4), and the service department returns the additional fish storage tray 9 to its original state (FIG. 5). The movement of the tray 9 is provided by the drive 10, while the rollers 12 are moved in additional guides 13. Then the mesh web of the induction device 2 is lowered (6) and cuts off the accumulated fish from the mesh shutter 11, the cart of the induction device 2 begins its movement towards the lock chamber 8 (Fig.7). Further fish transfer technology is as follows. The fish is transferred to the lock chamber 8, where the induction device 2 stops. The lower shutter 6 is lowered, the clinkets of the high shutter 7 open, the airlock 8 is filled with water to the level of the upstream. The induction device 2 moves to the alignment location of the ichthyological site 5, where it again stops. The ichthyological site 5 is lifted, the fish is examined and recorded, then the platform 5 is lowered to its original position, the shutter 7 is raised, the trolley of the induction device 2 is moved to the upper tray 20, where it stops again, allowing the fish to adapt to the conditions of the upper pool and exit to the reservoir . After 10-20 minutes (time of fish release to the upper pool), the mesh cloth of the induction device 2 rises, the cart returns to the lock chamber 8, the top shutter 7 is lowered, the bottom shutter 6 clinkets open and the water level in the lock chamber 8 is stabilized to the water level in the lower biefe 18. After that, the bottom shutter 7 rises, the clinkets of the top shutter 7 open and the flow starts to attract the fish. An additional fish storage tray 9 with a raised mesh web 11, by means of the drive 10, extends a predetermined distance towards the lower pool 18 and a full cycle of attracting fish from the search zone begins.

The presence of the ballast compartment 14 gives the tray 9 additional stability, a similar effect is achieved if the bottom of the tray 9 is made in the form of a hollow frame 15 (Fig. 8), while the friction-grip of the rollers 12 and rollers 16 (Fig. 9) decreases when the tray 9 is moved relative to the fish tank 1.

The execution of the side walls of the tray 9 perforated with the perforation holes 17, the diameter of the perforation holes 17 being smaller than the minimum mid-section of the attracted fish, provides the best conditions for the stability of the tray 9 relative to the downstream stream 18 and ensures the guaranteed location of the accumulated fish inside the fish storage 9 ( the accumulated fish does not slide through holes 17 into the downstream 18). In this case, in case of increased flow rates in the tray 9, an additional flow rate of water from the water surrounding the tray is ejected into the perforation holes 17. In addition, when pulling the additional tray-fish tank 9 into the main tray 1, the fish grill 11 installed at the beginning of the additional tray 9 experiences less hydrodynamic pressure from the flow, since most of the water volume is filtered through the perforation holes 17.

A possible implementation of the fish passage structure, when the additional guides 13 are taken out towards the downstream 18, while they are fixed on the bearing trusses 19 (Fig. 11). In this case, the tray 9 is able to guaranteed movement in the reciprocating direction relative to the tray 1.

The present invention extends the functionality of fish passage facilities in terms of increasing the efficiency of attracting fish from the downstream of the hydroelectric facility.

Sources of information

1. Skin V.N. Fishery facilities: In 2 parts / Novocherkassk State Reclamation Academy. - Novocherkassk, 1998.728 s. (Analog - Part 1, p. 84, Fig. 2.28).

2. A.S. USSR No. 1625942 (USSR). IPC E 02 B 8/08. "Method for passing fish through a retaining structure and device for its implementation." Authors: Shkura V.N., Chistyakov A.A., Cherkasov V.A. and Parulava I.I. Publ. BI No. 5, 1991.

Claims (6)

1. A fish passage structure including a power supply unit, a fish storage tray, an incentive device mounted on horizontal guides made parallel to the side walls of the fish storage tray, an ichthyological platform located between the bottom and top locks of the lock chamber, and an additional fish storage tray, made coaxially with the main fish storage tray, characterized in that the additional fish storage tray is arranged to move relative to the side walls of the main tray onakopitelya by a drive, wherein the initial part of the supplementary tray is provided with a mesh-rybonakopitelya gate, the supplementary side walls of the tray-rybonakopitelya adjacent to the side walls of the main tray-rybonakopitelya, and the upper edge of the optional tray-mounted rollers rybonakopitelya extra horizontal guides. 2. The fish access structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the initial part of the additional fish tray is made with a ballast compartment attached to its bottom. 3. The fish access structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the bottom of the additional fish storage tray is made hollow from an airtight frame. 4. Fish passage structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the additional tray fish collector from the bottom is made with rollers attached to its bottom. 5. The fish passage structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the side walls of the additional fish storage tray are perforated, while the diameter of the perforation holes is smaller than the minimum mid-section size of the fish involved in the construction. 6. The fish passage facility according to claim 1, characterized in that the additional guides are positioned towards the downstream beyond the range of the entrance to the main fish storage tray and are made on bearing farms.

Images