RU2255435C2 - Device for building up irritating electric field in aqueous medium - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: electrical engineering for fish industry; fish protection devices or fish barriers.

SUBSTANCE: proposed device designed to build up irritating electric field in water media provides for distribution of discharge capacities throughout entire stub being protected thereby making it possible to equalize electrical potential and to avoid shorting out of entire stub by single faulty electrode or its part. Entire electrical energy consumed by device, including both capacitor pumping energy and capacitor discharge energy, is passed through interelectrode space to generate in the process numerically repetitive current pulse shaped by control units through interelectrode space.

EFFECT: enhanced reliability and operating efficiency, reduced cost and power requirement.

4 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to fisheries, in particular to devices for the directed movement of fish, and can be used as a fish protection or fish-holding device.

A sufficient number of fish protection or fish-holding devices are known in which the effect of fish retention is achieved by creating an electric field in water in the interelectrode space.

The most famous device in Russia is the RZU-1 device, in which fish retention is carried out by applying a protective loop of industrial-frequency current to the electrodes. This device is not effective for small fish and is a danger to large fish.

There are also devices with pulse power electrodes.

Closest to the claimed is a device for influencing fish with a pulsed electric field, which includes a power source, capacitive storage, control circuit, thyristor switch and electrodes (SU 327908, A 01 K 79/02, 02.02.72), in which energy is accumulated in the capacitive storage and through the thyristor switch controlled by the control circuit is supplied to the electrodes of the protective loop. Such a method, with all its simplicity, is uneconomical in terms of energy consumption (loss during recharging of capacities), it allows only a parametric pulse shape to be obtained in the load, and it does not have sufficient reliability, because a capacitive drive operates at high discharge currents, and is susceptible to loss of efficiency in the event of random irregularities in the conductivity of the loop sections.

The technical problems to which this invention is directed are to increase the reliability and efficiency of the fish-retaining effect, reduce energy consumption and the cost of the device.

The essence of the invention is as follows.

An electric field impassable for fish is created in the interelectrode space of the protective loop. The field has a varying directional vector and a constant nature of the current consumption during pulsed load switching. The interelectrode space of the loop is additionally used as a ballast device when pumping discharge capacities, and all movements of electrical energy inside the device occur through the interelectrode space of the protective loop.

In the block diagram of the device shown in the drawing, the power supply unit 6 supplies power to the entire device through the current consumption regulator 7, which eliminates the inrush of the current consumption during system operation and makes it possible to use power from limited power sources.

The thyristor switch triggering control unit 9 sets the pulse mode for the thyristor pump key 8 and the thyristor keys of the current packages 14. The thyristor keys of the current packages 14 are launched through the load switch 10 and the “Discharge bus” remote start device 11, 12.

The discharge capacitances 19 are pumped through a thyristor pump key 8, a low-current control and pump connection cable 2, a high current lead 4, a common potential bus 0, passive electrodes 17, an electrode space 16, active electrodes 18, charging capacitors 19 and one of the conductors of the protective loop sections A and B.

Current sending to the interelectrode is as follows.

The discharge capacitance 19, according to the signal from the control unit 9 through the switch 10, which controls the devices for remote triggering of thyristor switches “discharge bus” 11, 12, according to a given program, dumps the electric energy stored in the discharge capacitors 19 into the interelectrode space 16 through the thyristor switches of the current packages 14. Resonance the voltage boost circuit 15 parametrically increases the voltage in the interelectrode space 16, while locking the thyristor switches of the current packages 14, and maintains the interelectrode space current determined by the recharge current of the capacitance of the LC circuit and discharge capacitors. After the signal from the control unit 9 and the thyristor pump key 8 is turned on, the process of pumping (charging) the discharge capacitors 19 is repeated and after its completion or program termination, the system is ready for the next current transmission.

When the conductors of the protective loop sections A and B are alternately turned on, the directional vector of the electric field in the interelectrode space 16 changes during system operation.

The installation of discharge capacitances of the loop 19 directly on the active electrodes of the loop 18 allows you to refuse to install orienting synchronous sound emitters, because in the process of discharging the discharge capacitances of the loop 19, their lining create an acoustic click sufficient for tracking in water, synchronous with the electrical signal. In addition, the distribution of the discharge capacitances of the loop 19 over the entire protected diameter allows you to completely equalize the electric potential and interelectrode currents in the protection zone, to avoid shunting the entire loop with a single faulty electrode or part thereof.

All the electrical energy consumed by the device, both the pump energy and the discharge energy, is passed through the interelectrode space 16, thereby creating a programmatically repeating pulse current supply generated by the control unit 9 and switch 10, starting from the discharge current of the discharge capacitances of the loop 19 through the interelectrode space 16, increased by the current LC circuit 15 and ending with decaying parametric pulses of charging discharge capacitances of the loop 19 of the reverse polarity through the same intere electrode space 16.

The device consists of a control unit 1, a low-current control cable and pump 2 connecting the control unit 1 and the drive 3 high current leads 4, connecting the drive 3 and the design of the protective cable 5. Drive 3 to eliminate electrical losses removed from the control unit at a distance of up to 2000 m and installed in close proximity to the protective loop structures.

The control unit 1 consists of internal functional elements: a power supply unit 6, a current regulator 7, a thyristor pump key 8, a control unit 9, a load switch 10 and discharge buses A and B 11, 12, respectively.

The drive 3 consists of internal functional elements: isolation diodes 13, thyristor keys of the current packages 14 and the resonant circuit of the voltage boost 15.

Designs of the protective loop 5 consist of internal functional elements: a bus of general potential 0, equipped with passive electrodes 17, conductors of sections of the protective loop A and B, equipped with active electrodes 18, on which the discharge capacitances 19 are installed.

The invention with minimal energy and financial costs allows to achieve the maximum deterrent effect, which is a determining factor in the operation of any fish protection system.

Claims (4)

1. A device for creating an annoying electric field in an aqueous medium, comprising a control unit with a power supply, a load switch, devices for remote triggering of thyristor switches “discharge bus”, a thyristor key for pumping discharge capacitances of a loop operating in the mode set by the control unit and connected by a low-current a pump and control cable with a drive having dividing diodes, a voltage boost resonant circuit and thyristor switches of current packages connected by high-current conductors to the design a protective loop containing a common potential bus -O, equipped with passive electrodes, and conductors of protective loop sections A and B, equipped with active electrodes on which discharge capacitors are installed, while the discharge capacitances are pumped through a thyristor pump key of the control unit, a pump cable and control, common potential bus, passive electrodes, interelectrode space, the corresponding conductors of sections A or B, after which the discharge capacitances are given a signal from the control unit through a switch, pack The “discharge bus”, which controls the devices for remote triggering of thyristor switches, alternately dumps the electric energy accumulated in the discharge capacitance into the interelectrode space of the loop through the thyristor keys of the current supply, and the resonant circuit of the voltage boost parametrically increases the voltage in the interelectrode space, while simultaneously locking the keys of the current supply, the conductors of the protective loop A and B changes the directional vector of the electric field between electrode space. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the interelectrode space of the protective loop is divided into separate sections, included according to a given program. 3. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that each of the discharge containers is mounted directly on the corresponding electrode and has its own discharge gap in the interelectrode space of the corresponding section. 4. The device according to claim 3, characterized in that the high-current conductor is installed directly at the protective cable and is connected by conductors of maximum cross section, which are controlled from a remote control unit via a low-current cable.