RU2254095C2 - Device for forming physiologic relations of dentoalveolar arches in the cases of early stage removal of temporary incisors - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medical engineering.

SUBSTANCE: device has partial removable palatine plate prosthesis bearing artificial temporary. The palatine plate has an anterior and two lateral segments connected to each other by means of screw in the anterior palatine fornix region allowing autonomous displacement. Cramp iron members are set on the fangs and on the boundary separating the anterior and lateral segments and on the second temporary molars. Shield for moving upper lip aside is placed in the area of dental arch defect along alveolar process with anterior segment. The shield forms slit between shield surface and gingiva. The shield is stretched to contact point of fang to the first permanent molar. Shield edge is made oval and congruent to transit fold contour.

EFFECT: cosmetically full-valued substitution of upper dental arch defect.

3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to medicine, namely to dentistry, and can be applied in orthodontics.

Removable prostheses are known for replacing a defect in the front row in children with a milk bite (A.I. Betelman, A.I. Pozdnyakova, A.D. Mukhina, Yu.M. Aleksandrova Pediatric orthopedic dentistry. Kiev: Zdorovya , 1972, pp. 188-191, Fig. 165c, 167), consisting of a plastic plate that does not overlap the deep alveolar process from the vestibular side, with the obligatory covering of the lower teeth.

The disadvantages of these devices are:

- a significant deterioration in the fixation of the denture at rest and its stabilization during the functions of chewing, swallowing and speech due to the absence of clasps;

- deterioration in the fixation of the denture due to the constancy of its shape and size under conditions of changing the shape and size of the upper jaw of a growing child;

- the emergence and, in the future, the consolidation of "bad habits" due to the need to maintain the denture with the tongue and suction to the sky due to its insufficiently effective fixation at rest and stabilization during function;

- growth retardation of the anterior upper alveolar arch under conditions of constant pressure on the alveolar process of the upper lip, which stinks when a poorly fixed denture is sucked in;

- additional work of the dentist and dental technician, material costs and re-addiction of the child to a new denture with its regular replacement, recommended by the authors.

Known devices for the formation of physiological ratios of dentoalveolar arches, including in their designs various elements made in the form of shields (F.Ya. Khoroshilkina. Functional methods of treatment in orthodontics. - M .: Medicine, 1972, p. 28-36), pushing lips , cheeks and tongue from the alveolar arches and thus protecting the dentition from pressure of the lips, cheeks and tongue, which creates favorable conditions for the location and closing of the lips, the growth and development of the dentition and alveolar processes in the areas of their underdevelopment.

The disadvantages of the vestibular shields are:

- reducing the effect of treatment in connection with the use of the vestibular shield at a limited time of the day, namely when performing gymnastics for the lips, cheeks and tongue;

- the exclusion of the ability to perform the functions of chewing and speech when using the vestibular shield.

The essence of the claimed invention lies in the fact that the device for the formation of physiological ratios of dentoalveolar arches with the early removal of temporary incisors, including a partial removable palatal plate prosthesis with artificial temporary incisors, is characterized in that the palatine plate of the prosthesis is made in the form of three segments: the front and two lateral, interconnected in the region of the anterior part of the palatine arch using a screw with the possibility of autonomous displacement, moreover, on fangs, namely the border of the anterior and clamp segments, and on the second temporary molars, clasps are installed, and in the area of the dentition defect along the crest of the alveolar ridge, the shield is connected to the anterior segment of the palatine plate with a condition for the formation of a gap between the surface of the shield and gum, extending to the contact point of the canine and the first temporary molar, the edge of the shield is covalent and congruent to the contours of the transitional fold.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, which depict:

figure 1 is a front view; figure 2 is a bottom view; figure 3 is a view in section along the median line; where 1 is the anterior segment of the palatine plate, 2 is the artificial incisor, 3 is the right lateral segment of the palatine plate, 4 is the left side segment of the palatine plate, 5 is the expansion screw, 6 is the holding clasp on the fangs, 7 is the holding clasp on the molars, 8 is shield, 9 - upper lip, 10 - lower lip, 11 - alveolar bone, 12 - the beginnings of permanent incisors, 13 - lower incisors.

The device operates as follows: holding clasps (6 and 7) fit snugly on the mesial surfaces of the abutment teeth, providing reliable support and fixation of the anterior (1) and lateral (3, 4) palatal plate segments when the screw is untwisted (5) and effective elongation and expansion upper dentition; while the artificial incisors (2) rest on the vestibular surface of the lower incisors (13), the shield (8) moves the upper lip (9) away from the surface of the alveolar ridge (11), eliminating the pressure of the upper lip (9) on the alveolar ridge (11) promotes movement erupting rudiments of permanent incisors (12) in the vestibular direction; tension of soft tissues and periosteum, which occurs when the upper (9) and lower (10) lips are closed, stimulates the appositional growth of bone tissue in the region of the base of the alveolar process (11).

The device cosmetically fully replaces the defect of the upper dentition, restores occlusion and, therefore, the lost function of biting off food, provides the possibility of correct articulation of the tongue when swallowing and the formation of sounds. In turn, the normalization of the myodynamic balance of the muscles surrounding the dentoalveolar arches creates the conditions for the formation of physiological relationships of the dentoalveolar arches. The device is of individual manufacture, removable, easy to clean with oral hygiene, convenient to use, undergoes cold sterilization. The possibility of loosening the screw by the patient himself reduces the number of visits.

Claims (1)

A device for the formation of physiological relationships of dental alveolar arches with the early removal of temporary incisors, including a partial removable palatal plate prosthesis with artificial temporary incisors, characterized in that the prosthesis palatine plate is made in the form of front and two lateral segments interconnected by a screw in the anterior region palatine vault with the possibility of autonomous displacement, and on the fangs at the border of the anterior and lateral segments and on the second temporary molars, clasps are installed, and a defect area of the dentition along the crest of the alveolar ridge with the anterior segment is a shield made to move the upper lip and placed with the formation of a gap between the surface of the shield and gum, with the shield extending to the contact point of the canine and the first temporary molar, and the edge of the shield is worn and congruent contours of transition folds.

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