RU2252304C2 - Panel block assembling device - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: building, particularly for erecting low buildings of precast panels, for instance in suburban territories.

SUBSTANCE: device for connecting panels in blocks and for blocks assembling during building erection may be used as scaffold for block fastening and finishing. Device has jig frame with panel fixing members for assembling panels in blocks in horizontal position. Jig frame is connected to three-dimensional girder. At least part of girder members may be used as scaffold during device movement to horizontal position. Device members are provided with openings located at joints thereof and adapted for panel connection and joint sealing from below when jig frame is located in the horizontal position.

EFFECT: reduced labor inputs.

4 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the construction, more specifically to devices for the construction of buildings and structures, and can be used mainly for the construction of low-rise panel, for example, rural, buildings.

A device for mounting panel buildings and structures containing a spatial conductor frame with elements for fixing the panels in the design position, mounted on the movement mechanism and other power and auxiliary elements, in particular bins for mortars [1]. The device has significant technical complexity. With it, you can install panels only one at a time, fastening them and repairing the seams only after installing another panel, at a height. Therefore, labor productivity when using such a device is small, which is its main drawback.

A more productive known method of mounting enlarged metal blocks of a wall enclosure is that the frame shields are stacked on leveling spacers at ground level in a horizontal position, connected to each other in enlarged blocks and pulled together with cable ties, and then installed in a vertical position [2]. The disadvantage of this method is that the device used in the form of cable ties is not rigid. This does not allow for the sealing and sealing of the joints of the panels, while they are in a horizontal position at ground level. These works have to be performed after moving the block into a vertical position already at a height, which increases labor costs and construction time.

A house-building harvester is also known, containing vertical scaffolds with grips for prefabricated panels, pivotally mounted on the supporting platforms of the formwork platform for forming the outer walls to the entire height of the building in a horizontal position, equipped with rotary systems for turning them into a vertical position [3]. The disadvantages of the device are its high technical complexity and cost.

A device for mounting panels is also known, comprising a formwork for forming wall panels in a horizontal position, made in the form of a continuous flat table connected to a three-dimensional truss, equipped with a basement fixed formwork connected to the formwork by means of a hinge [4]. Essentially, this table, together with a side formwork for forming wall panels, plays the role of a conductor frame with panel fixing elements used in the first of the described analogues. A disadvantage of the known device is that it must be rigidly attached to the base of the building, which limits the possibility of its use in the installation of buildings of various projects. The device should be at the installation site of the building all the time until the concrete base and panel acquires sufficient strength. It also requires certain costs during dismantling and does not allow to finish the wall until it is removed. The known device is equally suitable for mounting both panels and panel units. Since the installation of enlarged panel blocks is more progressive, the proposed device will be described as a device for mounting panel blocks, implying its suitability for single panels.

The closest analogue of the claimed invention is a device for mounting walling [5], which solves the problem of ensuring the installation of structures in enlarged blocks. The device comprises a housing with fixing devices fixed in it in the form of hinged brackets, and also contains additional fixing devices, each of which is made in the form of a flexible rod with a tension device and with supporting elements placed along its length with protrusions interacting with the mounted enclosing structure. The body of the device is made in the form of two lattice racks, rigidly connected by spatial struts and girders and equipped with mounting ladders with work platforms. Moving the device to a new object is carried out by means of a crane.

The advantage of the closest analogue is that when implementing the invention described therein, it is possible to reduce labor costs and time for installation and decoration of the building, as well as reduce capital costs (metal consumption) for inventory. However, the known device has limited functionality. This is due to the fact that the device is intended exclusively for the installation of flat three-layer panels with enclosing structures. Performed for a specific purpose (assembly and docking of three-layer panels with the installation of building envelope elements), the known device does not allow the installation of large panel blocks, the front of which does not lie in one plane. The installation of such blocks requires when they dock the access both from above and from below. In addition, the known device allows for installation only in the immediate vicinity of the building, which limits operational capabilities. In addition, working in the open air in our climatic conditions is not always possible, often weather conditions adversely affect the quality of the work performed.

The basis of the present invention is the solution to the problem of eliminating the disadvantages of the closest analogue, that is, expanding the functional and operational capabilities of the device.

These disadvantages are eliminated due to the fact that in the device for mounting panel blocks containing a conductor frame with fixing elements of the panel blocks for assembling them in a horizontal position, the conductor frame is connected to a spatial truss, at least some of the elements of which can be used in the quality of the scaffolding when moving the device to a vertical position, while in places where the elements of the device are located opposite the joints of the panels, openings are arranged to allow connectivity eniya panels and sealing joints from below when the frame of conductor in the horizontal position.

In addition, the device is additionally equipped with wheels.

In addition, the device is additionally equipped with elements for positioning it relative to the base of the building.

In addition, the distance from the supporting surface of the conductor frame when it is horizontal to the surface of the earth is set sufficient for convenient work on connecting the panels and sealing the joints from below, for example, is 1.2 ... 2 meters.

The technical result from the application of the proposed device is to provide the possibility of a two-way approach (top and bottom) to the joints of the mounted panel blocks, including those in which the front surfaces of the panels do not lie in the same plane. The fact that in places where the elements of the device are located opposite the joints of the panels, openings are arranged to allow the panels to be connected and the joints between the panels to be sealed from below when the conductor frame is in a horizontal position, which leads to a reduction in time and labor costs for installation and decoration of the building, as it allows sealing, sealing and finishing of panel joints from the bottom side of the joint immediately throughout its entirety continuously. The installation of wheels ensures the mobility of the device, as a result of which the movement of assembled large blocks is simplified, which allows them to be assembled in the most favorable place, for example, under a canopy, and the conditions and quality of work at the installation site of the building are improved. The use of farm elements at the same time as elements of forests facilitates the device and reduces material consumption.

An additional technical result from supplying the device with elements for positioning it relative to the base of the building consists in reducing labor costs and time for reconciling the elements of the building being mounted.

An additional technical result from the fact that the distance from the supporting surface of the conductor frame when it is horizontally located to the ground surface is sufficient to perform the joining of the panels and sealing the joints from the bottom, consists in reducing the construction time, reducing labor costs and crane time.

The essence of the proposal is illustrated by drawings.

Figure 1 presents a side view of a mounted in a horizontal position device with a panel unit.

Figure 2 presents a view from the outside of the building on a device installed in a vertical position with a panel unit.

The proposed device (Figs. 1 and 2) consists of a rigid conductor frame 1 equipped with positioning elements 2 and fixation elements 3 of panels 4 assembled into a block of surfaces. The surface of the conductor frame 1 is verified in accordance with the configuration of the assembled block of panels 4 and determines the relative position of the panels in one from measurements. In two other measurements, the relative position of the panels laid on the conductive frame is determined by positioning elements made, for example, in the form of stops 2 protruding above the plane of the conductive frame. Thus, the conductor frame 1 with elements 2 serves as a conductor for accurate assembly of the panel unit. To prevent displacement of the assembled panel unit when moving the device into a vertical position, there are elements 3 for fixing the panels, made, for example, in the form of screw clamps.

To give rigidity to the conductor frame 1, it is connected to a spatial truss formed by longitudinal 5, transverse 6 (figure 2) and inclined 7 connections. Part of the transverse and inclined links of the farm are made in the form of working platforms (scaffolds) 8 and stairs 9.

In places where the elements of the device are located opposite the joints 10 of the panels 4 assembled in the block, openings 11 are arranged, the size of which is sufficient to access the joints when they are sealed and the panels are connected.

The wheels 12 connected to the spatial truss are designed to move the device in a horizontal position so that it is possible, without cluttering the construction site, to assemble panel blocks at a distance and in more convenient conditions, for example, under a canopy. At the same time, the height of the plane of the conductor frame 1 from the surface of the earth, equal to the sum of the thickness of the spatial truss and the height of the wheels 12, is set sufficient so that the panel block can be assembled from the bottom side. The optimal value for this height ranges from 1.2 meters (the collector works while sitting) to 2 meters (the collector works while standing).

Wheels 13 connected to the farm are designed to facilitate the alignment and positioning of the assembled and upright panel unit when it is docked with other elements of the building under construction, for example, with the foundation. For accurate positioning of the assembled unit relative to the building, special elements 14 are used, made, for example, in the form of pointed pins that are inserted into the corresponding foundation holes during assembly. Depending on the construction of the foundation, the pins of the elements 14 may be parallel or perpendicular to the plane of the conductor frame 1.

The device is also equipped with elements 15 for insurance and fences 16.

The proposed device is used as follows.

The proposed device is mounted on wheels 12 in a place convenient for assembly, for example, in a heated barn equipped with a crane beam. Wall panels 4 are laid onto the conductor frame 1 installed on the elements of the spatial truss 5, 6, 7 with the help of a beam beam. The panels are aligned on the table plane, positioned on the plates 2 and fixed with screws 3. The panels are positioned relative to each other, so and relative to the elements 14, which ensures accurate binding of the panel unit to the building under construction. If, as an example is shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the conductor frame 1 is flat, and according to the design of the building, the front surfaces of the panels do not all lie in the same plane, use height-calibrated inventory pads. The rigidity of the truss, provided by bonds 5, 6 and 7, the role of which, at least partially, is performed by work platforms 8 and stairs 9, also contributes to the assembly accuracy.

After reconciling the panels, they are interconnected. Due to the sufficient distance from the bottom surface of the panels to the floor (ground), the installers can connect the panels and seal the joints 10 not only from above, but also from below. Openings 11 at the intersection of joints and parts of the device allow you to process the joints of the panels from the bottom without gaps. Therefore, there is no need to turn over the panel unit, just as there is no need to perform the indicated work at height after the unit is installed in a vertical position.

Due to the fact that the work can be carried out in warm conditions, working conditions are improved, and the hardening of materials used for sealing joints is accelerated.

The finished block of panels directly on the proposed device is towed to the construction site. There, with the help of a crane, it is translated into a vertical position and installed on the design site. Wheels 13 facilitate this process. Immediately after fixing the position of the block relative to the building under construction using the elements 14, the installers can take places on the work sites 8 and in convenient and safe conditions proceed to fix the block. After the block is fixed, the proposed device is disconnected from it, moved to a horizontal position and returned to the block assembly area. In this case, the crane time does not exceed 20 minutes for the installation of a wall block measuring 6 × 9 m.

An important advantage of the proposed device is also its relatively small weight - 1.4 tons for mounting blocks of the above size. This allows the use of lightweight cranes for installation, which also reduces the cost of construction. The device can be manufactured in mass production using modern technology.

Sources of information

1. M.I.Eroshevsky. Device for mounting panel buildings and structures. A.S. USSR No. 749999, class E 04 B 1/02, publ. 23.07.80.

2. A.N. Gubsky and others. The method of installation of enlarged metal blocks of the wall fencing. A.S. USSR No. 885485, cl. E 04 C 1/00, publ. 11/30/81.

3. J.F. Finkel. House-building combine. A.S. USSR No. 972021, class E 04 In 1/00, publ. 11/07/82.

4. A. S. Scherbakov and others. Device for mounting panels. USSR patent No. 1813138 A3, class. E 04 In 1/35, publ. 04/30/93.

5. V.I. Merinov et al. Device for mounting walling. USSR author's certificate No. 708042, E 04 G 21/26, publ. 01/05/80.

Claims (4)

1. A device for mounting panel blocks, comprising a conductor frame with fixing elements for panels to be assembled into a block in a horizontal position, characterized in that the device is equipped with a spatial truss, at least some of whose elements are adapted to be used as scaffolding in translation devices in a vertical position, and the conductor frame is connected to the spatial truss, while in the places where the elements of the device are located opposite the joints of the panels, openings are arranged to ensure Moznosti compound panels and sealing joints from below when the frame of conductor in the horizontal position. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that it is additionally equipped with wheels. 3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that it is additionally equipped with elements for positioning it relative to the base of the building. 4. The device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the distance from the supporting surface of the conductor frame when it is horizontal to the surface of the earth is set sufficient for convenient work on connecting the panels and sealing the joints from below, for example, 1.2 .. . 2 m.

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