RU2250970C2 - Ventilation system for sloping roof - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: building, particularly ventilation system for sloping roof of building having a roof space with under-roofing material laid above rafters, for erection and repair of buildings with above roofs.

SUBSTANCE: ventilation system is provided with additional vertical exhaust ducts connected from outside to exhaust ducts located in roof space. Exhaust ducts of roof space have inlet orifices connected with outlets of sloping channels. Additional exhaust duct width is equal to that of slopping channel and venting furring bar height. Outlet orifices of additional vertical exhaust ducts are under orifices of exhaust ducts located in roof space and spaced a distance from them. The distance is equal to sloping channel width. Inlet orifices of sloping channels are arranged in eaves cave. Inlet orifices of roof space are in lower surface of eaves cave.

EFFECT: prevention of moisture condensing and, as a result, increased service life and prevention of snow thawing, ice and icicles forming on outer roof side, improved performance.

1 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of construction, in particular to the construction of a pitched roof ventilation system in buildings with attic volumes in which roofing material is located above the rafters. The proposed solution can be used both in the construction of buildings with pitched roofs, and in the repair of buildings with such roofs.

A roof ventilation system is known (see the description of Pat. RF No. 174696, 1990), having vertical exhaust ducts, the supply openings of which are connected to the air duct insulation, the exhaust openings are connected to the atmosphere, and a network of additional vertical channels made in the form of through openings in screed. These through holes in the screed, as the second stage of the ventilation system, act as a “window” and intensify the removal of the vapor-air mixture through the vertical exhaust channels.

Such two-stage ventilation systems are applicable only to a flat roof and are not intended for a pitched roof, where ice forms on the outer surface of the roof, and icy growths and icicles form on the eaves overhangs.

Known ventilation system of a pitched roof (see Japan application No. 63-578, publ. 88.01.07, No. 4-15, stated 61-297587, 83.11.16.) Containing attic vertical exhaust ducts, the outlet openings of which are located under the roof ridge and connected to the atmosphere, and the inlet openings are connected to the attic volume, and the inclined pitched channels formed by the roofing and roofing material and the counter grill, the inlet openings of which are located in the eaves and the inlet openings are located under the overhangs.

The disadvantage of such a ventilation system for a pitched roof is the low ventilation efficiency during weather changes and, as a result, a large difference in the temperature of the outside air and attic air, and therefore condensation forms on the inner surface of the roofing material, and ice and ice growths on the outer surface on the eaves overhangs of icicles.

The task was: to create a design for the ventilation system of the pitched roof, the work of which should reduce or eliminate the formation of condensate on the inner surface of the roof covering, and on the outer surface of the roof ice and ice growths, on the eaves overhangs of icicles by reducing the temperature difference between the outside and the attic air volume.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the efficiency of the ventilation system of the pitched roof.

This goal is achieved by the fact that the ventilation system of the pitched roof, containing attic vertical exhaust ducts, the outlet openings of which are connected to the atmosphere and are located under the ridge of the roof, the inlet openings of which are connected to the attic volume, and the inclined ramp channels formed by the roofing and roofing material and the counter battens, the inlet openings of which are located in the eaves overhangs, and the inlet openings of the attic volume are located under the overhangs, characterized in that it is equipped with additional vert with steel exhaust channels attached externally to the attic vertical exhaust channels, the inlet openings of which are connected to the exits of the inclined ramp channels, the width of the additional vertical exhaust duct is equal to the width of the inclined ramp channel and equal to the height of the counter grill, the outlet openings of the additional vertical exhaust ducts are located below the level of the outlet openings of the vertical exhaust channels by an amount equal to the width of the inclined ramp channel, while the supply nd pitched channels are located at the ends of the eaves overhangs, and the supply air openings of the attic volume are located in the lower plane of the eaves overhang.

The essence of the proposed technical solution is illustrated by the following.

The ventilation volume under the pitched roof is divided into two independent, one above the other, ventilation volumes: lower and upper.

The lower ventilation attic volume is formed by the walls and the floor of the attic and is limited by the subroofing material. In this volume, the ventilation flow circulates, created by air inlets located in the lower plane of the eaves overhang and attic vertical exhaust channels.

The upper ventilation volume of the subroofing space is formed by the roofing and subroofing material and the counter-lattice. In this volume, the air flow created by the supply air openings in the ends of the eaves overhangs, inclined ramp channels and additional vertical exhaust channels circulates.

Each ventilation volume circulates its own flow. Each stream will have its own draft, which provides a temperature difference of outside air and air in the ventilated volume of not more than 4 ° C according to the requirements of SNiP II-3-79. Construction heat engineering. / Ministry of Construction of Russia. M .: GP TsPP, 1995. p.3-4 and recommendations; Maintenance of roofs of residential buildings: Reference book / A.A. Nikitin, V. B. Nikolayev, N. N. Seldin, V. K. Sokolov. M .: Stroyizdat, 1990.S. 233-234.

In this case, the outlet openings of the additional vertical exhaust ducts should be located below the level of the outlet openings of the attic vertical exhaust ducts by an amount equal to the width of the inclined ramp channel, and the width of the additional exhaust duct should be equal to the width of the inclined ramp channel and equal to the height of the counter-grill. It is these structural relationships that ensure the maintenance of air temperature in the upper ventilation volume of the subroofing space, which differs by only 1-2 ° C from the temperature of the outside air.

Under such conditions, condensation will not form on the inner surface of the roofing, and there will be no melting snow and ice and icicles on the outer surface of the roofing.

Figure 1 shows a pitched roof ventilation system in section, figure 2 shows a pitched roof ventilation system in a perspective view.

The attic volume of the building has inlet openings 1 located in the lower plane of the eaves overhang between the wall of the building 2 and the filing of the eaves overhang 3, and vertical ventilation exhaust channels 4 with walls 5 interacting with the roof ridge from above 6. The attic of the building is covered with rafters 7, on which the crate is installed 8. Above the rafters 7, the under-roofing material 9 is fixed with the help of the counter-crate 10. As the under-roofing material, polyethylene and PVC films, roofing material, glassine, etc. are used. materials, as well as old roofing during repair work. Inclined pitched channels 11 are limited by underroofing material 9, counter-lattice 10, lathing 8 with roofing material 12, which are used as galvanized steel, metal tile, asbestos-cement corrugated sheets, natural tiles, etc. materials form a slotted upper ventilation space along the entire sloping surface of the roof, the height of which is equal to the height of the counter-lattice 10, for example, 50 mm. The inlet holes 13 of the inclined ramp channels 11 are made in the form of a slit in the end part of the eaves overhangs, the height of the slit is equal to the height of the counter-lattice 10, for example, 50 mm. The outlet openings of the inclined ramp channels 11 are connected to the inlets of the additional vertical exhaust channels 14. The additional vertical exhaust channel 14 is formed by the wall 5 of the attic vertical exhaust channel 4 and the wall 15. The height of the wall 15 of the additional vertical exhaust channel 14 is lower than the height of the wall 5 of the attic vertical exhaust channel 4 by a value equal to the height of the counter-lattice 10, for example 50 mm Such a height of the wall 15 of the additional channel is necessary to exclude the mutual influence of the output speeds of the upper and lower ventilation flows, providing a decrease in temperature and humidity in the roof and attic volumes.

The ventilation system of the pitched roof with an attic volume, in which the under-roofing material is located above the rafters, works as follows.

The air flow enters the lower ventilation attic volume through the supply openings 1 located in the lower plane of the eaves and leaves through the attic vertical exhaust channels 4, taking with it the heat of the attic ventilation volume entering through the attic floor of the building. The area of the supply and exhaust openings is calculated from the condition of complete heat removal and cooling of the attic volume to a temperature that is not more than 2-4 ° C higher than the outdoor temperature based on SNiP 2.04.05-86. Heating, ventilation and air conditioning / Gosstroy USSR. - M.: TsITP Gosstroy of the USSR, 1987, p. 54-58, taking into account the above sources.

At the same time, the air flow enters the upper ventilation volume of the subroofing space through the supply holes 13 at the ends of the eaves and, passing through the inclined ramp channels 11, removes heat from this volume through additional vertical exhaust channels 14. However, most of the heat is removed by the lower ventilation flow; therefore, the air temperature in the upper ventilation volume of the subroofing space is only 1-2 ° C higher than the temperature of the outside air. Thus, the upper ventilation flow provides thermostatic control of the under-roof space.

The proposed design of the ventilation system of a pitched roof with an attic volume, in which the under-roofing material is located above the rafters, ensures the effective operation of the ventilation system, in which the difference between the outdoor temperature and the air temperatures in the under-roof and attic spaces is stable.

Under such ventilation conditions, there is no condensation on the inner surface of the roofing, which increases the service life of the roofing, and on the outer surface of the roofing there is no melting snow and ice and icicles, which ensures high performance of pitched roofs.

Claims (1)

A pitched roof ventilation system containing attic vertical exhaust ducts, the outlet openings of which are connected to the atmosphere and located under the roof ridge, the inlet openings of which are connected to the attic volume, and the inclined ramp channels formed by the roofing and subroofing material and the counter-grill, the inlet openings of which are located in the cornice overhangs, and the inlet openings of the attic volume are located under the overhangs, characterized in that the ventilation system is equipped with additional vertical exhaust with channels attached externally to the attic vertical exhaust ducts, the inlet openings of which are connected to the exits of the inclined ramp channels, the width of the additional vertical exhaust duct is equal to the width of the inclined ramp channel and equal to the height of the counter grill, the outlet openings of the additional vertical exhaust ducts are located below the level of the outlet openings of the vertical attic exhaust ducts channels by an amount equal to the width of the inclined ramp channel, while the supply holes of the inclined ramp channel in located at the ends of the eaves overhangs, and the supply air openings of the attic volume are located in the lower plane of the eaves overhang.

Images