RU2249146C1 - Polymer panel-type anchoring device - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction engineering; laying pipe lines in frozen and rocky soils.

SUBSTANCE: proposed device has pair of symmetrical (relative to pipe line) reservoirs filled with ballasting soil which are connected with load-bearing band and flexible load-bearing strips secured to outer longitudinal sides of rigid rectangular frames forming the framework of reservoirs; they are engageable with pipe line below its center generatrices. Device is provided with cover plate located above load-bearing band; edges of this cover plate are laid on pipe line and are connected above upper generatrix of pipe line at overlap. Transversal sizes of reservoir exceed width of trench; reservoirs are located in pits without transfer of weight of ballast to their bottom ; reservoir are made in form of boxes. Bottoms of reservoirs and load-bearing band are made from single cloth of flexible material passed under inner longitudinal sides of flat frames and secured on their outer longitudinal sides. Cover plate, load-bearing band and flexible load-bearing strips are secured in center part; angle between planes of rigid frames of reservoirs does not exceed 180 deg.

EFFECT: enhanced reliability of securing pipe line at design marks.

7 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the construction and can be used in the construction of pipelines in frozen and rocky soils.

The main pipelines run in different geographical areas, which differ in relief, climatic features, and the presence of natural and artificial obstacles. All this requires absolute reliability of the structures of such critical structures as main pipelines, ensuring their long-term and trouble-free operation. Reliability issues are associated with the operating conditions of trunk pipelines arising from the nature of the terrain, the presence of natural and artificial barriers, and technological features of the work.

This task is aggravated by the conditions for the construction of pipelines in the North, as well as with increasing diameters of pipelines and working pressures in them. So during the work on opening the gas pipeline, thawed soil from the trench is removed to the dump, where in the North it freezes for several hours. It is known that frozen soils are equal in hardness to rocky soils. After performing repair work, filling the soil from the dump into the trench becomes difficult. The most common method of loosening under these conditions is the mechanized method: a wedge of a diesel hammer mounted on an excavator, tractor or tractor loader, as well as tractors equipped with bars with cutters or a canine, digging and milling machines, through multiple passage through frozen ground with tracked bulldozers.

With insignificant amounts of work, frozen soil is loosened manually - with crowbars, sledgehammers using wedges. All of these methods have a common drawback - frozen soil contains a large number of large pieces that exceed the maximum allowable size for backfilling of the pipeline trench due to the risk of damage to its insulation.

Practice has shown that the use of frozen lumpy soil when filling it in a tank of ballasting weighting compounds, especially of the polymer-container type, leads to damage to their bottoms and walls made of polymer material.

A weighting material for laying an underground pipeline is known from the prior art, comprising a pair of containers symmetrically hung on the pipeline and filled with soil, each of which is composed of a rigid frame and a semi-cylindrical container made of flexible material suspended from it (SU 769178 A, 1978, F 16 L 1/06).

Known weighting agents are used for group ballasting of pipelines, while the weighting agents in the group are fastened to the end cross members of the frames. A disadvantage of the known solution is the increased consumption of material on the end walls of the containers, since both adjacent walls of the containers perform one function - they are separators for the backfill soil, as well as the insufficient mechanical strength of the containers.

An analogue of the claimed invention is a pipeline weighting agent known from patent RU 2164636 C1, 03/27/2001, F 16 L 1/06.

The weighting agent contains a pair of containers composed of a rigid flat frame and a semi-cylindrical frame made of a flexible material of a container suspended from it. The tanks are multisectional along the axis of the pipeline, the sections are separated from the neighboring ones by intermediate transverse walls and frame spacers. The containers of the weighting compound are interconnected by a bond imposed on the pipeline - power belts made of flexible material and fixed by the ends on the external runs of the frames. When weighting agents are installed under the influence of the soil, bedding cloths forming containers are deformed and wedge-shaped gaps arise in the group of weighting agents adjacent to which the ballasting soil of the bedding wakes up, as well as the insufficient mechanical strength of the containers when loading frozen crushed soil.

Closest to the claimed invention is a pipeline weighting agent known from SU 1067284 A, 01/15/1984, F 16 L 1/06. Known weighting material contains placed symmetrically relative to the longitudinal axis of the pipeline tanks with rigid rectangular frames from a bar. The walls of the containers are suspended from the frames and are made of a single strip of flexible material. The weighting agent is equipped with a pair of flexible jumpers attached by their ends to the outer corners of the frames. The flexible jumpers and the container wall forming a strip of flexible material are connected in the middle part superimposed on the upper pipe generatrix. A disadvantage of the known solution is the lack of reliability of the bottom of the tanks, increased metal consumption, the possibility of pouring soil backfill through the sides of the tanks. The inclined position of the tank frames when using frozen lumpy soil as ballasting material does not allow the full use of the tank capacity as cargo for the pipeline.

Thus, there is the task of creating a ballasting device that has increased reliability in the North when using frozen lumpy soil as ballasting material and allows you to fully use the useful volume of the weighting tanks to secure the main pipeline in the design position, as well as ensuring full involvement in the work soil backfilling trenches and improving the manufacturability of pipeline ballasting.

This problem is solved by the fact that in the polymer-panel anchoring device (PAP) Mukhametdinov containing a pair of tanks symmetrical about the longitudinal axis of the pipeline filled with ballasting soil and made of containers of flexible material containers connected by a power belt imposed on the pipeline and flexible power jumpers attached to the outer longitudinal the sides of the rigid flat rectangular frames forming the frame of the containers and in contact with the pipeline below its average forming internal products According to the invention, the PPA is equipped with an additional side located above the power belt and enveloping the inner longitudinal sides of the flat frames with an overlay, the edges of which are re-laid on the pipeline and connected with an overlap over the upper generatrix of the pipeline, and the dimensions of the containers transverse to the pipeline exceed the standard width of the trench, are located in open pits with a calculated pitch in the trench without transferring the weight of the ballasting soil in the tanks to their bottom, and the tanks are equipped with are box-shaped and made of box-shaped, for which the sidewalls are fastened with lower edges with a bottom, and upper edges by means of eyes - with the transverse sides of a flat rectangular frame of containers, while the bottom of the containers and the power belt are made of a single flexible material imposed on the pipeline passing under the inner the longitudinal sides of the flat frames and the edges fixed on their outer longitudinal sides by eyes, flexible power jumpers are made in the form of multilayer ribbons, the ends of which are equipped with lugs, and dual lining cloth, a power belt and external jumpers are attached power imposed on a conduit of the middle portion, wherein the angle between the planes of the flat rigid rectangular frames tanks does not exceed 180 degrees. In addition, additional end walls are attached to the sides of the containers.

In the particular case of PAP execution, flexible power jumpers are equipped with additional end walls fastened with them with the possibility of introducing them into containers. In particular cases of PAP execution, rigid flat rectangular frames are made collapsible from tubular elements, as well as doubled in a direction longitudinal relative to the pipeline.

In the indicated particular case of PAP execution, the overlay, power belt, flexible power jumpers are made double in the direction relative to the pipeline and are connected by eyelets respectively to each of the double rigid flat rectangular frames.

In the latter case of PAP, the adjacent edges of the longitudinally doubled and forming the bottom of the capacitance panels of the power belt panels are fastened together.

Tubular frame elements of rigid flat frames provide the convenience of transportation and assembly when securing the pipeline at design elevations.

Performing an additional lining from a double panel, fixing its ends on the inner (lower) longitudinal sides of the flat frames, and making flexible power jumpers in the form of a multilayer tape with eyes fixed on the outer (upper) longitudinal sides of the flat frames, increases the reliability of fixing the device to the pipeline, relieves the longitudinal sides of rigid flat rectangular frames from bending loads that occur when filling containers with ballasting soil.

The presence of the end walls of the tanks and additional end walls fastened with flexible power jumpers increases the reliability of the pipeline fastening due to a more complete filling of the device volume with soil and eliminates the filling of the filling soil through the ends of the weighting agent.

The box-shaped shape of the PPA containers prevents damage to the material of the bottoms of the tanks when they are backfilled with soil, creates the initial stabilizing position of the PPA on the pipeline and allows the use of soil with inclusions of large pieces in the future.

Placement of containers filled with soil in the backfill filled with soil with the formation of an angle between the planes of the rigid flat rectangular frames of containers not exceeding 180 degrees turns the PPA into an anchor plate buried in the soil, which receives a pulling force equal to the mass of the PSA filled with soil and the mass of the column of ground filling above the PAP (cone or bulging cylinder). Such anchor plates work on bending from the forces of reactive resistance of the soil during operational movement up the pipeline. In order to reduce the material consumption, PPA is made in the form of membranes stretched on rigid flat rectangular frames, while the main supporting element - membranes (containers) work only in tension. Due to their trough-shaped form, tank anchor membranes provide a symmetrical and central application of loads to PAP.

The invention is illustrated in graphic material, in which figure 1 shows a device in plan; figure 2 is a view of figure 1 (rotated).

Mukhametdinov’s PPA is located in open pits with a design pitch (10–20 m) in a trench of a standard width (1.5 pipeline diameters) and contains a power belt 2 imposed on the pipeline 1 and a pair of flat rigid frames 3 attached to its longitudinal edges relative to the pipeline axis. With the frames are connected 4 containers 5 filled with ballasting soil from flexible material of the power belt.

The longitudinal edges of the flexible panels of the bottom of the 6 containers 5 are fastened to the longitudinal sides 7 (runs) of the flat rigid frames 3 with the eyes 8 that are external relative to the pipeline and have eyelets 8 in which cutouts are made to accommodate the eyes of the flexible power jumpers. In the outer corners of the frames 3, at the distance of 100-300 mm from the side ends, the eyes of the flexible power jumpers 9 are also fixed. The bottom 6 of the containers and the power belt 2 are made of a single flexible material imposed on the pipeline pipeline passing under the inner longitudinal sides 10 of the flat frames 3. PPA is equipped with an additional one located above the power belt 2, envelopeing the inner longitudinal sides 10 of the flat frames 3 with a cover 11. The power belt, the cover and flexible power jumpers are made of technical fabric, for example TBG, with strength tensile strength of at least 300 kg / 5 cm (sample 5 cm wide).

Flexible power jumpers 9 are made in the form of multilayer belts with eyes at the ends, into which the elements of flat frames 3 are inserted - the outer longitudinal sides 7. Power belt 2, a double panel of the additional lining 11 and flexible power jumpers 9 are connected in their middle parts superimposed on the pipeline 1 . The end walls 12 of the containers 5 are sewn to the bottom of the containers 5 and are connected by eyes with transverse elements 13 of the flat frames 3 to form a box-shaped containers 5.

Additional end walls 14 made in the form of kerchiefs made of technical fabric are connected with flexible power jumpers 9, which, when ballasting, are inserted inside the tanks 5 with an abutment to the end walls 12.

Tanks 5 are symmetrically hung on the pipeline 1. Runs - longitudinal sides 7, 10 of flat rigid frames 3, their end elements - cross members 13 (spacers) are made of tubular elements. This embodiment of flat rigid frames simplifies their transportation and installation. Flat rigid frames are power bearing elements of PPA containers. The stability of the PAP in the pipeline is ensured by the size of the lower panel - the power belt imposed on the pipeline, when the flat rigid frames contact their lower longitudinal sides with the surface of the pipeline below its horizontal diameter. The ratio of the lengths of the power belt, the additional lining and flexible power jumpers ensures the placement of the frames, in which their outer longitudinal sides - runs do not protrude above the upper generatrix of the pipeline, and the bottoms of the PAP tanks are located in a close horizontal position. Weighting tanks are filled with soil sequentially, preferably symmetrically, which prevents the skewing of the tanks. Bending in the plane of flat rigid frames, the load is perceived by their metal frame. The volume of soil contained by one device, depending on the diameter of the pipeline, is from 1.0 to 4 cubic meters.

A special case of laying a pipeline is the implementation in the trench of an increased length of pits, which is typical for icy soils in the north. In this case, it is advisable to use PAP with an increased size of containers for ballasting soil, for which rigid flat frames 3 are of increased length with double cross struts in their middle part. In the indicated particular case of PAP execution, the overlay, power belt, power jumpers are made double in the direction longitudinal relative to the pipeline and are connected by eyes with each of the double rigid flat rectangular frames, and the adjacent edges of the longitudinally doubled and forming bottoms containers of power belts are fastened together .

For a more complete use of the volume of the weighting agent, the flexible power lintels 9 provide the upper additional end walls 14, which prevent the spillage of soil from the PAP. After filling the tanks of the PAP and filling with the soil of the pipeline with the formation of the angle of repose, filling the trenches and pits with soil with any size of pieces. As the containers and trenches are filled with the backfill soil, the PPA textile material is calculated elongated, and the rigid flat rectangular frames of the containers from an inclined position turn into a position close to horizontal, with the formation of an angle between the planes of the rigid flat rectangular frames of the containers that does not exceed 180 degrees, which turns the PPA into the anchor plate buried in the soil, which receives a pulling force equal to the mass of the soil filled with PPA and the mass of the column of soil backfilled above the PSA (cone or tsil ndra bulging).

PAP works on bending from the forces of reactive resistance of the soil during operational upward movement of the pipeline, while made in the form of membranes stretched on rigid flat rectangular frames, containers work only in tension, and rigid flat rectangular frames of containers work in bending. Anchor membranes - tanks due to their trough-shaped form provide a symmetrical central application of loads on the PAP.

The invention is technologically feasible in manufacturing due to its low dead weight and simple assembly, it is convenient for transportation and installation on the pipeline, and also effective in various pipelines laying and operation. Increases the reliability of the ballasting of the pipeline and eliminates the possibility of damage to its insulation during construction and operation.

Claims (7)

1. Polymer-panel anchoring device (PAP), containing a pair of tanks symmetrical with respect to the longitudinal axis of the pipeline and filled with ballasting soil and containers made of panels of flexible material connected by a power belt imposed on the pipeline and flexible power jumpers attached to the outer longitudinal sides of rigid flat rectangular frames, forming a frame of containers and in contact with the pipeline below its middle generators with internal longitudinal sides, characterized in that it is supplied but an additional overlay located above the power belt and enveloping the inner longitudinal sides of the flat frames, the edges of which are re-laid on the pipeline and overlapped with the upper generatrix of the pipeline, while the dimensions of the containers transverse to the pipeline exceed the normative width of the trench and are located in the trench with a calculated step the pits without transferring the weight of the ballasting soil in the tanks to their bottom, and the tanks are provided with sidewalls and are box-shaped, for which the sidewalls are fastened neither with edges with a bottom, and with upper edges through eyes, with the transverse sides of the tank frames, while the bottom of the tanks and the power belt are made of a single flexible material imposed on the pipeline pipeline passing under the inner longitudinal sides of the flat frames and fixed on their outer longitudinal sides by the edges by means of eyes, flexible power jumpers are made in the form of multilayer tapes, the ends of which are equipped with eyes, and the double cover plate, power belt and flexible power jumpers are fastened s in the middle part imposed on the pipeline, and the angle between the planes of the rigid flat rectangular frames of the containers does not exceed 180 °. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the rigid flat rectangular frames are made double in the longitudinal direction relative to the pipeline. 3. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that the pad, power belt, flexible power jumpers are made double in the direction longitudinal relative to the pipeline and are connected by eyelets respectively to each of the double rigid flat rectangular frames. 4. The device according to claim 3, characterized in that the adjacent edges of the panels of the power belts that form the bottoms of the containers, doubled in the longitudinal direction relative to the pipeline, are fastened together. 5. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the rigid flat rectangular frames are made collapsible from tubular elements. 6. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the flexible power jumpers are equipped with additional end walls fastened with them with the possibility of introducing them into containers. 7. The device according to claim 6, characterized in that the additional end walls are attached to the sides of the containers.

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