RU2247012C1 - Tool fastening and releasing apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: machine tool manufacture, namely systems for fastening and releasing tools in spindle of machine tool.

SUBSTANCE: apparatus is driven from rotation drive unit of spindle and it includes spring-loaded ram, limit-torque clutch. One of toothed semi-clutch of limit-torque clutch is fixed to body of spindle unit and it has spring-loaded stop engaging with switch and with groove of other toothed semi-clutch mounted in body of spindle unit with possibility of rotation in both directions at overload. In order to enlarge functional possibilities of apparatus due to using it in machine tools with movable tail spindle and without tail spindle, apparatus is provided with toothed sleeve arranged in limit-torque clutch with possibility of motion and engaging with ram. Apparatus may be provided with motion drive unit, for example in the form of electromagnet joined with toothed sleeve.

EFFECT: enlarged functional possibilities of apparatus.

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Description

The invention relates to the field of machine tools, and in particular to devices for fastening and releasing a tool in a machine spindle.

A device is known for fastening and releasing a tool in a machine spindle driven by a spindle rotation drive, comprising a spring-loaded ramrod, a limit torque clutch, one of the gear half-couplings of which is fixedly connected to the spindle unit housing and contains a spring-loaded stop interacting with a switch and a groove of another gear half-coupling, installed in the housing of the spindle assembly with the possibility of rotation in both directions during overload and interaction with the ramrod when moving the quill to the upper Assumption (see. Author's Certificate USSR №261111, M.kl. B 23 C 5/26).

Such a device can only be used in machines with a moving pinole.

The basis of the invention is the task of changing the structural elements to expand the functionality of the device for fastening and releasing the tool in the spindle of the machine, which will allow it to be used in machines with a movable kick and without a kick.

The problem is solved in that the device for mounting and releasing the tool in the machine spindle driven by a spindle rotation drive, comprising a spring-loaded ramrod, a limit torque clutch, one of the gear half-couplings of which is motionlessly connected to the spindle unit housing and contains a spring-loaded stop interacting with the switch and according to the invention, with a groove of another gear half coupling mounted in the housing of the spindle assembly rotatably in both directions during overload, according to the invention a sleeve installed in the clutch of the limiting moment with the ability to move and interact with the ramrod.

The presence of a gear sleeve installed in the clutch of the limiting moment with the ability to move and interact with the ramrod allows you to mount and release the tool in the spindle of machines with a moving pinole and without a pinole, which extends the functionality of the device.

The essence of the invention is illustrated in the drawing, where figure 1 shows the proposed device in axial section; figure 2 is a section aa in figure 1.

The device comprises a ramrod 2 mounted in the spindle 1, a spring 3 mounted on the ramrod 2, a limit torque clutch comprising a gear half-coupling 4 and a half-coupling 5.

The coupling half 5 is fixedly connected to the housing 6 of the spindle assembly. Stop 7, spring 8, switch 9 are installed in the coupling half 5.

The gear sleeve 10 is installed in the clutch limit torque.

The device operates as follows.

To attach the tool (not shown), the gear sleeve 10 is moved to its lowest position to interact with the ramrod 2.

The tool is screwed onto several threads of the ramrod 2. Then, the spindle 1 is turned on at low speed. The spindle 1 with the tool rotates around the ramrod 2. The limit torque clutch keeps the ramrod 2 from rotation. In this case, the tool is screwed onto the thread of the ramrod 2 and moves along the spindle 1, being tightened in its conical hole.

Upon reaching the maximum clamping force of the tool, the gear coupling 4 begins to rotate relative to the fixed floor of the coupling 5 and pushes the stop 7. Under the action of the stop 7, the switch 9 gives the command to stop the spindle 1.

After stopping the spindle 1, the gear sleeve 10 is moved to its highest position.

To release the tool, the gear sleeve 10 is moved to its lowest position to interact with the ramrod 2.

Spindle 1 is rotated in the opposite direction.

The gear coupling 4 rotates relative to the stationary coupling half 5 until the emphasis 7 under the action of the spring 8 will not enter the gear coupling 4.

In this case, the ramrod 2 stops, and the tool, continuing to rotate with the spindle 1, is screwed from the ramrod 2 and pushed out of the spindle 1.

Figure 3 shows a variant when the gear sleeve 10 is equipped with a displacement drive, for example, an electromagnet 11.

The operation of the device is similar to the above.

Claims (3)

1. A device for mounting and releasing a tool in a machine spindle driven by a spindle rotation drive, comprising a spring-loaded ramrod, a limit torque clutch, one of the gear half-couplings of which is fixedly connected to the spindle unit housing and contains a spring-loaded stop interacting with a switch and a groove of the other gear half-clutch installed in the housing of the spindle assembly with the possibility of rotation in both directions during overload, characterized in that it is equipped with a gear sleeve installed in the coupling of a single moment with the ability to move and interact with the ramrod. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that it is equipped with a displacement drive associated with the gear sleeve. 3. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that the drive movement of the gear sleeve is made in the form of an electromagnet.

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