RU2246401C1 - Automatic drilling machine - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mechanical engineering.

SUBSTANCE: automatic drilling machine comprises housing, two spindle units with drills, mechanism for clamping article, cam for machine feeding mechanism, feeder, and chute for receiving the finished articles. The two spindle units with drills and mechanism for clamping article are made of single kinematic chain. The chain is arranged along the axis of drilling for permitting co-operation with the cam. The spindle units are built in the bushings spring-loaded with respect to the housing. The mechanism for clamping blanks is made of a guide and clamping bushing spring-loaded with respect to the housing. The feeder is made of a pipe with hole for feeding and removing article under its own weight. The feeder is interposed between the guiding and clamping bushings and is secured to the latter one. The first spindle unit is provided with the stop. The second spindle unit has rod which allows the drills to be spaced. The rigidity of the spring which spring-loads the guiding bushing is lower than that of the spring which spring-loads the bushing which receives the second spindle unit and is higher than that of the spring which spring-loads the pressing bushing.

EFFECT: simplified design.

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Description

The present invention relates to the field of engineering, in particular, to devices for drilling products from soft, non-metallic materials, semiprecious stones.

A well-known machine (see. Prospects for increasing the efficiency of operations for drilling amber products. Collection of abstracts and reports of the International scientific and technical conference: "BALTTEHMASH-2000", Kaliningrad, part 1, 2000, p.81-83), including a base, a feed unit, engine and product-based assembly. The product is placed in the home base on the machine and continues to be held during manual processing.

The productivity of such equipment is low, technological modes vary from product to product.

A well-known machine (see. Prospects for increasing the efficiency of operations for drilling amber products. Collection of abstracts and reports of the International scientific and technical conference: "BALTTEHMASH-2000", Kaliningrad, part 1, 2000, p.81-83), including the base unit and mounting products , feed unit, part rotation unit 180 ° and drive. Loading and unloading the product, feeding the drill and turning the product is carried out manually.

The productivity of such equipment is low, technological modes vary from product to product.

A known machine for the production of amber products, for example, a bead containing a bed, a mechanism carrying amber rods, a circular knife, two spindles, a drive motor of the machine mechanisms, a gearbox, a camshaft, a drill feed mechanism, feed and clamp mechanisms of the product (A.S. No. 160095, IPC B 28 D 05/02, B 26 D 01/40, published on January 14, 1964 in BI No. 2).

The disadvantage of the machine: narrow specialization, difficult reconfiguration to another standard size, massiveness, complexity of design, large dimensions. In addition, the machine requires calibrated products, which significantly reduces the product range. The use of uncalibrated products leads to the appearance of marriage due to mismatch between the axes of the hole and the product.

The proposed technical solution is aimed at simplifying the design of the machine, reducing its dimensions and weight, as well as expanding the range of processed products through the use of small products.

To solve this problem, it is proposed to connect all auxiliary movements and feed movements of the machine with one kinematic chain located along the drilling axis and driven by one cam. The sequence of auxiliary motions and feed motions is provided by different intensities of spring compression. It is proposed to clamp the product with a guide and clamping bushings. A feeder made with a cutter and a cutout for clamping the product is attached to the clamping sleeve. The product is fed and removed under its own weight. To ensure a guaranteed gap between the drills, one spindle block is proposed to be made with a rod, and the second with a stop.

The combination of auxiliary motions and feed motions into one kinematic chain can significantly simplify the design of the machine, in addition, it can reduce the number of machine parts by an order of magnitude and, therefore, reduce the dimensions and weight of the machine. Because Since the machine has a short processing cycle and simple design, it is economically justified to process even very small parts (no more than 3 mm in size).

The drawing shows the main view of the proposed machine.

In the drawing, the following notation:

Drill 1, clamping device 2, spindle block 3, housing 4, guide (base) sleeve 5, spring 6, pressure sleeve 7, spring 8, feeder 9, product 10, cut-out 11, funnel 12, screw 13, tray 14, cam the feed mechanism of the machine 15, the motor 16, the sleeve 17, the spring 18, the spindle unit 19, the sleeve 20, the spring 21, the clamping device 22, the drill 23, the rod 24, the stop 25.

The drill 1 is mounted in the clamping device 2 on the shaft of the spindle block 3 mounted in the sleeve 17, spring-loaded relative to the housing 4 by the spring 18. The drill is located coaxially with the guide (base) sleeve 5, spring-loaded relative to the housing 4 by the spring 6. On the opposite side, the drill 1 is located a clamping sleeve 7, spring loaded relative to the housing by a spring 8. Between the guide 5 and the pressing 7 bushings there is a tubular feeder 9 having a cutout on the side of the guide sleeve for clamping the product 10 located inside the feeder 9. The feeder 9 also has a cutter 11 designed to cut off the column of products inside the feeder 9 from the products inside the funnel 12. The column of products inside the feeder 9 is supported by a screw 13. In addition, the machine has a tray 14 for receiving finished products , cam feed mechanism of the machine 15 and the motor 16 to drive the movement of the machine mechanism.

The machine has a second spindle unit 19 mounted in the sleeve 20, which is spring loaded relative to the housing 4 by a spring 21. On the shaft of the spindle unit 19, a drill 23 is mounted through the clamping device 23. The machine has a rod 24 mounted in the sleeve 20 and a stop 25 mounted in the sleeve 17. It should be noted that the spring 21 has a stiffness much higher than the spring 6, designed to clamp the product between the bushings 5 and 7. The stiffness of the spring 18 is sufficient to hold the spindle unit 3 in place during drilling. The stiffness of the spring 8 is less than the stiffness of the spring 6. The spring 8 is designed to retract the clamping sleeve 7 and the spindle unit 19 after the drilling process, when the springs 21 and 6 are unclenched.

Description of the machine.

All the movements of the machine (clamping and expanding the product, feeding the product to the drill, feeding and removing the product from the cutting zone), except for the main movements, are combined into one kinematic chain driven by cam 15. Products inside the feeder 9 move simultaneously with the machine itself feeder, guide and pressure bushings.

The springs are designed in such a way that the following cycle of the machine is ensured: (for the convenience of description, we assume that the springs are compressed and unclenched alternately) the spindle unit 19 starts moving toward the product 10, while the springs 8 and 6 begin to compress, which ensures the clamping of the product 10 between the bushings 5 and 7. After a certain distance, the product 10 begins to drill with a drill 1. The stroke of the spring 8 is less than the stroke of the spring 6, therefore, after the spring 8 is fully compressed, the product 10 will stop being between the bushings 5 and 7 under the action of the force of the spring 6. At this point, the rod 24 will abut against the stop 25 and begin to push the sleeve 17 together with the spindle block 3 in the direction from the product 10. At the same time, on the opposite side, the drill 23, continuing to move in the direction of the product 10, will begin to drill it (the beginning of drilling of the product 10 with a drill 23 in principle, it can coincide with the start of drilling with a drill 1). The stroke of the spring 21 is sufficient for supplying the drill 23 to the product 10, drilling through it and overrunning the drill from the product. At the same time, the product located below the product 10 falls into the tray, thereby freeing up space between the product 10 and the screw 13. After drilling the product 10, the whole system returns in the reverse order. In this case, the product 10 first falls down under the action of its own gravity and gravity products from above, and another product falls in its place, in its place, in turn, the product falls from the funnel. After which the whole cycle is repeated. The number of products in the feeder, above product 10, can be any from zero (since, in principle, you can cut off all products above product 10, the kinematics of the machine does not change from this) to several, which depends on the effort that needs to be created in order to so that the product 10 falls down.

Claims (1)

An automatic machine for double-sided drilling of products, comprising a housing, two spindle units with drills , a mechanism for clamping the product with a drive, a cam of the machine feed mechanism, a feeder, a tray for receiving finished products, characterized in that two spindle units with drills and a mechanism for clamping the product are made in the form of one kinematic chain located along the axis of drilling with the possibility of interaction with the cam of the feed mechanism of the machine, and the spindle blocks are mounted in bushings, spring-loaded relative to the housing, and m of the product clamp is made in the form of a guide and the clamping bushings opposite to it, spring-loaded relative to the housing, while the feeder is made tubular with a cut-off and a cutout for feeding and removing the product under its own weight, is located between the guide and clamping bushings and attached to the latter, the first spindle the block is made with a stop, and the second with a rod to ensure a guaranteed gap between the drills, while the stiffness of the spring, spring-loaded guide sleeve, is lower than the stiffness of the spring, p spring-loaded sleeve, in which the second spindle unit is mounted, and exceeds the stiffness of the spring, spring-loaded clamping sleeve.