RU2245244C1 - Antiseptic for protection of cellulose-containing materials - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: organic chemistry, antiseptics.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to antiseptic preparations designated for biochemical protection of cellulose-containing materials, in particular, wood against fungi blue rot and mold during transportation and drying and for temporal protection against wood-decomposing fungi under conditions of periodically passing wetting. Antiseptic based on compounds of quaternary nitrogen comprises as an active component 1,1-dimethyl-1-alkylhydrazinium chlorides of the formula (I)

. Antiseptic working solution contains 0.5 wt.-% of active component, not less. Antiseptic elicits high degree of activity and effective against fungi blue rot, mold and wood-decomposing fungi simultaneously.

EFFECT: enhanced effectiveness and valuable properties of antiseptic.

2 cl, 1 tbl, 3 ex

Description

The invention relates to antiseptic preparations intended for the biochemical protection of cellulose-containing materials, in particular wood, against blue stain and mold fungi during transport and drying, as well as for temporary protection against wood-destroying fungi under conditions of periodically wetting.

Famous salts of hydrofluoric acid (NaF, NH ₄ F, etc.) are widely used for temporary protection of wood from wood-destroying fungi [1, 2]. However, they are very toxic (hazard class I) and not effective against wood-staining fungi.

Numerous antiseptic compositions are also known containing quaternary nitrogen (ammonium) salts of the general formula [R ¹ R ² NR ³ R ⁴ ] X (HOUR) [2]. In them, HOURs are active against wood-staining fungi, and the accompanying components either enhance these properties or improve the absorption of HOURs by wood. However, these compositions are not used for temporary protection of wood from wood-destroying fungi. In addition, they, as a rule, have a pronounced skin-irritating effect.

Closest to the technical nature of the proposed solution is a composition containing% wt .: Na ₂ CO ₃ 54,0-57,0; Na ₃ PO ₄ 12.0-14.0; H ₃ BO ₃ 5.0-6.0, alkyl (C ₈ -C ₁₈ ) benzylammonium chloride - 24.0-26.0 [3]. This antiseptic is proposed to protect against blue stain and mold. The main active ingredient in it is HOUR “Biomin” of structural formula (I)

,

,

where R = n-alkyls (C ₈ -C ₁₈ ).

The composition belongs to hazard class III.

The disadvantage of this antiseptic is multicomponent. In addition, it is not used for temporary protection of wood from wood-destroying fungi, and its activity against blue stain and mold fungi is relatively low (1.2-1.8% of the mass by the main component of Biomin).

An object of the present invention is to provide an antiseptic suitable for protecting cellulose-containing materials simultaneously from blue stain and mold during transport and drying and wood-destroying mushrooms under conditions of periodically wetting, with higher activity and simple composition.

To solve this problem, an antiseptic is proposed for the protection of cellulose-containing materials based on quaternary nitrogen compounds, which contains 1,1-dimethyl-1-alkylhydrazinium chlorides of structural formula (II) as an active component

,

,

where R = n-aliphatic radical (C ₁₂ -C ₁₄ )

The antiseptic contains at least 0.5% of the mass. active component in the working solution.

Common to the claimed solution and prototype is that the active components are onium compounds containing a quaternary nitrogen salt. A distinctive feature of the prototype is that as compounds containing a quaternary nitrogen salt, 1,1-dimethyl-1-alkyl (C ₁₂ -C ₁₄ ) hydrazinium chlorides are used in it. The choice is due to the fact that, in the homologous series of reagents with C ₁₀ -C ₁₈ radicals, these compounds have maximum surface activity, which ensures optimum practical properties, in particular fungicidal ones.

Due to the presence of strong surface-active properties, the proposed antiseptic is well absorbed by wood. It is highly effective at the same time against blue stain and mold fungi during transportation and drying, and against wood-destroying fungi under conditions of periodically wetting. In addition, its action is based on one active component and does not require the use of additional ingredients to enhance the effect.

For the manufacture of a working solution of an antiseptic, the finished product ChGS-1214 [4] was used, which is a technical mixture containing derivatives with radicals C ₁₂ H ₂₅ and C ₁₄ H ₂₉ in the form of a concentrated 25-30% aqueous solution.

The effectiveness of the antiseptic in relation to wood-destroying fungi was evaluated according to the probabilistic method [1] according to the preservation of wood samples (room-dried sapwood of forest pine; humidity 15%, d ~ 0.42 g / cm ³ ), previously impregnated with an antiseptic and then placed on 15 days on the culture of wood-destructive membranous house mushroom Coniophora cerebella. The antiseptic content in the wood was 1.0-16.8 g / kg (0.4-7 g / dm ³ ) with a working concentration of the active component equal to (0.062-1.0)% by weight. The test results are presented in the table.

From the table it follows that 100% safety of the samples was observed when the antiseptic content in the wood was 0.42% and higher (No. 1-3) and the use of an antiseptic in a concentration of 1.0-0.25%. At less than 0.42% antiseptic content, moderate to strong fouling of the samples and a loss of mechanical strength of the wood samples were observed.

The effectiveness of the antiseptic in relation to wood-coloring fungi was also evaluated by the probabilistic method [1] on samples of fresh sapwood pine, aged in an antiseptic solution for 5 min, after 30 days against the background created by staining fungi of the genus Ophiostoma coeruleum. It was found that under these conditions, the safety of the processed pine samples was 100% at antiseptic concentrations of 0.5-2.0% of the mass. and 90% at a concentration of 0.25%. Thus, the consumption of antiseptics (for the active component - the compound of Quaternary nitrogen) was approximately 2.5-4 times lower than that of the prototype.

Case Studies

Example 1. Ten prepared samples of 5 × 5 × 1 mm from sapwood of pine were saturated with 0.25% and 0.125% aqueous antiseptic solutions. Samples were placed for 15 days in flasks on a prepared “lawn” from Coniophora cerebella membranous house mushroom. Then the samples were removed and the effectiveness of the antiseptic was determined by the degree of fouling of the samples and the destruction of wood. Samples impregnated with a 0.25% solution had no fouling and destruction; impregnated with 0.125% solution had a moderate degree of fouling. One sample lost mechanical strength (collapsed when pressed with fingers).

Example 2. Ten prepared samples of 5 × 5 × 1 mm from fresh sapwood of pine were aged for 5 min in 0.5 and 0.25% antiseptic solutions. Then, the impregnated and control samples were placed in one-liter conical flasks on a “lawn” of wood-staining fungi of the genus Ophiostoma coeruleum. After 30 days, the samples were examined. In samples impregnated with a 0.5% antiseptic solution, there was no damage to the fungus. In a 0.25% impregnated solution, one sample had slight damage. All control samples were damaged (strongly stained).

Example 3. Samples of fresh sapwood of pine wood 200 × 400 × 30 mm in size were aged for 5 min in a 2% antiseptic solution. The infectious background was created from fresh subhummy wide boards of pine heavily infected with staining fungi of the genus Ophiostoma coeruleum during the summer. Experimental and control samples were placed between the boards, strongly affected by fungi, covered with a film and kept for 30 days. Control samples were strongly and deeply hit by blue. Treated were clean, had no fungal infection.

The advantages of the claimed antiseptic

1. Protection of cellulose-containing materials at the same time from blue stain and mold fungi during transportation and drying and against wood-destroying fungi under conditions of periodically wetting.

2. Achieving good results in the presence of only one active component without the addition of additional ingredients to enhance the effect.

3. Higher, in comparison with the prototype, activity, which makes it possible to use lower concentrations of the active component and reduces the consumption of antiseptics.

Table
The protective properties of the claimed antiseptic against membranous house mushroom No. The working concentration of the antiseptic solution,
% of the mass. Absorbed in a wood preservative solution,
% of the mass. Antiseptic content on the source wood,
% of the mass. The safety of wood samples,% 1 1,0 168 1.68 100 2 0.5 163 0.81 100 3 0.25 170 0.42 100 4 0.125 167 0.21 90 5 0,062 169 0.1 fifty

Sources of information

1. Belenkov D.A. A probabilistic method for the study of antiseptics for wood. - Sverdlovsk .: Publishing House of the Ural State Technical University, 1991. - 176 p.

2. Varfolomeev Yu.A. Ensuring the durability of wood products. - M .: ICP Assol, 1991 .-- 283 p.

3. RU 2075382 C1 B 27 K 3/52. Antiseptic for the protection of cellulose-containing materials // Inventions (Applications and patents). - 1997. - No. 8. - p.145.

4. TU 2400-050-04806898-96. Product CHGS-1214.

Claims (2)

1. Antiseptic for the protection of cellulose-containing materials based on quaternary nitrogen compounds, characterized in that as the active component it contains 1,1-dimethyl-1-alkylhydrazinium chlorides of the general formula

where R = n-aliphatic radical (C ₁₂ -C ₁₄ ). 2. The antiseptic according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains at least 0.5 wt.% Of the active component in the working solution.