RU2244071C1 - Scraper coupler gear - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transport engineering; towing vehicles with trailing equipment.

SUBSTANCE: proposed scraper has tractor with frame, articulated bowl connected by arch-arm through ball joint with scraper front axle, pull bar connected with beam secured on tractor frame by means of longitudinal hinge joint, and weight transfer hydraulic cylinder. Beam is connected with tractor frame by support movable in longitudinal plane and motionless in cross plane. Towing rod is installed between tractor frame and beam. Device is furnished with additional weight transfer hydraulic cylinder. Weight transfer hydraulic cylinders are secured at sides of arch-arm being connected by flexible tie with lever rigidly secured on front of scraper. Towing rod is installed horizontally and at height from ground surface equal to that of center of arc-arm ball joint. Movable support of beam is installed on tractor frame within its support perimeter.

EFFECT: improved efficiency of weight transfer device.

3 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of mechanical engineering and can be used in the aggregation of a tractor and earth moving equipment.

Known trailed scraper with a loading device [1], including a tractor rigidly connected to the front axle, a tow bar, a trunk arch with a ball bearing and a front axle hanging hydraulic cylinder mounted between the tow bar and a trunk arch. The loading device allows you to increase the towing load of the tractor by hanging the front axle of the scraper.

However, it provides for the transfer of the loading force to the tractor cantilever, outside its supporting perimeter and has a significant length of the drawbar, which reduces the efficiency of the loading device.

Closest to the claimed technical solution is a trailed scraper with a loading device [2], including a tractor with a frame, a trailed bucket connected by a U-shaped frame and a longitudinal hinge with a tractor, and a loading hydraulic cylinder placed between the tow bar and the trunk arch with a ball bearing .

Such a device transfers the loading force to the tractor inside its supporting perimeter and has a shortened length of the drawbar, which allows to increase the towing load of the tractor over a wider range. However, when digging the soil, its operation (at a stable oil pressure in the loading hydraulic cylinder) causes a decrease in the towing vehicle grip weight due to the placement of the U-shaped covering frame and the ball joint of the trunk arch on different sides (in height) from the axis of the front axle and on different height from the ground. In addition, attaching a U-shaped enclosing frame from below to the tractor frame reduces the clearance and throughput of the unit, as well as the loading arm along the length of the frame.

The invention is aimed at expanding the possibility of additional loading inside the supporting perimeter of the tractor, eliminating the influence of the traction force of the tractor on its towing weight. This is achieved by the fact that between the longitudinal hinge of the traction beam and the frame there is a beam with a support for moving in the longitudinal direction and stationary in the transverse, a towing rod is installed between the tractor frame and the beam, additional loading cylinders are fixed on the sides of the trunk arch, which are connected by a flexible connection to the lever and the latter is rigidly mounted on the front axle of the scraper. In addition, the towbar is installed horizontally and at the same height from the ground with the axis of the spherical support of the arch-trunk, the movable support of the beam is installed on the tractor frame inside its supporting perimeter.

The essence of the claimed device is illustrated by drawings, where in Fig.1 shows a General view of the scraper unit; figure 2 shows the device itself (front view); figure 3 is the same (plan view).

The towing device 1 of the trailed scraper 3 connects the tractor 2 and the trailed scraper 3 (Fig. 1). The towing device 1 includes a beam 4, which is connected to the front axle 5 of the scraper 3 by a tow bar 6 with a longitudinal hinge 7. With the frame 8 of the tractor 2, the beam 4 is connected by a support 9 movable in the longitudinal and stationary in the transverse planes (Fig. 2). The front axle 5 of the scraper 3 is connected by a ball joint 10 with the trunk arch 11, on which the hydraulic cylinders 12 (Fig. 3) of the tractor 2 are installed, which are connected by a flexible connection (cable) 13 to the lever 14, which is rigidly fixed to the front axle 5 of the scraper 3. Between the beam 4 and the frame 8 of the tractor 2 is mounted on the hinges of the towing rod 15, the height of which above the ground “H” is equal to the height of the center of the ball joint 10 (figure 2). The movable support 9 is connected to the beam 4 by a transverse hinge 16.

The device operates as follows.

In transport mode, the operator of the tractor 2 fully extends the rods of the hydraulic cylinders of the additional load 12 and fixes them in this position. The flexible connection 13 completely sags and the front axle 5 of the scraper 3 (Fig. 2) and the beam 4 provide the scraper unit (Fig. 1) with all the necessary mutual movements characteristic of movement along an uneven face (ball joint 10, longitudinal joint 7, movable in the longitudinal bearing direction 9). In this case, the beam 4 does not have the ability to make movements in plan relative to the tractor 2. The traction force from the tractor 2 to the scraper bucket 3 is transmitted through the towing rod 15.

To perform the digging operation, the tractor operator 2 sets the unit in line, lowers the scraper bucket 3 to the lower position and supplies the adjustable oil pressure to the rod cavities of the loading cylinders 12. The latter, pulling the rods, select the sagging flexible connection 13 and begin to hang out the front axle 5 of the scraper 3, turning a system rigid in the longitudinal direction: beam 4, traction beam 6, longitudinal hinge 7 relative to the transverse hinge 16 of the movable support 9 and the ball hinge 10. As a result, the vertical redistribution occurs s load on the front axle 5 of the scraper 3 and the movable support 9 so that the vertical load of the latest increases.

This process is limited either by the magnitude of the oil pressure in the hydraulic cylinders of the additional load 12, or by the magnitude of the vertical load on the front axle 5 of the scraper 3 (full suspension of the axle). The oil pressure in the hydraulic cylinders of the overload 12 is automatically maintained and regulated by a pressure valve.

Since the movable support 9 is installed inside the supporting perimeter of the tractor 2 and on top of its frame 8, the vertical force created by the hydraulic cylinders 12 on the frame 8 increases the vertical loads simultaneously on both axles of the tractor 2.

This completes the process of increasing the grip weight of the tractor 2, and the scraper unit begins to dig the soil. When filling the scraper bucket 3, the towing force is transmitted by the towing rod 15, which is located horizontally and at the same height “H” with the ball joint 10. This arrangement of the towing rod 15 and the ball joint 10 eliminates the reduction in the towing load of the tractor 2 due to the traction force developed by it.

After filling the scraper bucket 3, the operator puts forward the rods of the loading hydraulic cylinders 12, the flexible connections 13 sag and the trunk arch 11 receives freedom of movement (rotation). The scraper is ready for transport operations. Next, the sequence of operations is repeated.

The operation of increasing the grip weight of the tractor 2 can be performed both when digging, and if necessary in the transport mode.

The application of the proposed device allows for confident loading of the tractor inside its supporting perimeter without reducing its grip when digging soil.

Sources of information

1. A.S. 1239213 USSR MKI ⁴ E 02 F 3/64. Trailed scraper with loading device. / Nilov V.A., Gavrilov A.V., Menshikov V.P. (USSR). - No. 3711704/29; Stated March 13, 84; Publ. 06/23/86, Bull. Number 23.

2. A.S. 1701836 USSR MKI ⁵ E 02 F 3/64. Trailed scraper with loading device. / Nilov V.A., Borisenkov V.A. (USSR). - No. 4703710/03; Declared June 8, 89; Publ. 12/30/91; Bull. No. 48.

Claims (3)

1. Trailer hitch of the scraper, including a tractor with a frame, a trailed bucket connected by an arch trunk through a ball joint to the front axle of the scraper, a tow bar, which is connected via a longitudinal hinge to a beam attached to the tractor frame, a loading hydraulic cylinder, characterized in that that the beam with the frame of the tractor is connected by means of a support movable in the longitudinal and stationary in the transverse planes, a towing rod is installed between the frame of the tractor and the beam, the device has an additional loading cylinder, additional loading cylinders are fixed on the sides of the trunk arch, which are connected by a flexible connection to a lever rigidly attached to the front axle of the scraper. 2. The towing device according to claim 1, characterized in that the towbar is installed horizontally and at the same height from the ground with the center of the ball joint of the arch-trunk. 3. The towing device according to claim 1, characterized in that the movable support of the beam is mounted on the frame of the tractor inside its supporting perimeter.

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