RU2240228C1 - Oil antiseptic for impregnation of wood (versions) - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: wood impregnation materials.

SUBSTANCE: invention can be used for impregnating wooden ties and bars. Proposed wood impregnation antiseptic contains fractions of sulfurous gas oil of catalytic cracking boiling away at temperatures within 240 and 480^oC mixed with fractions of heavy gas oil of thermal cracking featuring increased content of aromatic hydrocarbons and boiling away at temperatures within 180 and 430^oC and, in addition, fractions of light gas oil of catalytic cracking boiling away at temperatures within 200 and 340^oC and cracking residue with temperature 250-280^oC depressor addition. Ratio of components boiling away within temperature limits makes is possible to mix components at temperature of 50-60^oC to get homogeneous nonstratifying mixture.

EFFECT: enlarged assortment of oil antiseptics.

5 cl, 10 ex

Description

The invention relates to compositions of petroleum antiseptics for wood impregnation and can be used for impregnation of sleepers and beams.

A known antiseptic agent of coal origin is coal tar oil impregnated for impregnation of wooden sleepers, produced according to GOST 2770-74 “Coal oil for wood impregnation”, containing a mixture of oily fractions - the first anthracene fraction (280-360 ° C) and absorption oil (235-300 ° C).

The disadvantages of antiseptics of coal origin include the following:

1) coal sleeper oil according to GOST 2770 may contain up to 0.3 wt.% Of substances insoluble in toluene (carbenes and carbides), and 1.5% water, which negatively affects the process of wood impregnation;

2) in terms of toxicity, coal tar oil impregnation belongs to the 2nd hazard class (highly hazardous), which creates a danger from the point of view of the sanitary-hygienic and environmental condition in the production of railway impregnation plants;

3) for carcinogenic hazard (assessment of the content of 3,4-benz (a) pyrene) coal tar oil is 125 times more dangerous than an antiseptic based on petroleum gas oil fractions (Journal of Chemistry and Technology of Fuels and Oils, 2002 -№ 2, p. 52-53 authors L.V. Dolmatov, I.E. Kutukov, G.S. Serkovskaya).

Coal tar oil is prepared by mixing and joint crystallization of the 1st anthracene fraction and absorption oil, followed by separation of the crystals in a centrifuge.

At 2.5 m ^{3 of} absorbing oil, 7.5 m ³ of the 1st anthracene fraction is introduced into the mixture. After crystallization and centrifugation, the yield of crystals is 15-20% per mixture (Schelkov P.K. Handbook of a coke chemist. M., Metallurgy, vol. 3, 1966).

The closest technical solution to the claimed invention is an “Oil antiseptic for wood impregnation” (RF patent No. 2187429, class B 27 K 3/50, 08/20/2002), containing fractions of heavy catalytic cracking gas oil boiling within 140-500 ° C, and the remainder of light thermal cracking, boiling in the range of 380-540 ° C, as an organic depressant.

The disadvantages of the known oil antiseptics for wood impregnation include:

1) a residue of light thermal cracking, heavy at the beginning of boiling (380 ° С), which requires a high temperature of mixing (80-90 ° С) with fractions of heavy catalytic cracking gas oil (140-500 ° С) to obtain a homogeneous, non-stratifying mixture, which is “Oil antiseptic for wood impregnation”;

2) heavy catalytic cracking gas oil, relatively light at the beginning of boiling (140 ° С), which negatively affects the flash point of the mixture (oil antiseptic for wood impregnation);

3) the limited resource base of the heavy gas oil fractions of catalytic cracking (140-500 ° C) and the remainder of light thermal cracking (380-540 ° C).

The present invention solves the technical problem of expanding the range of petroleum antiseptics for wood impregnation based on paraffin oil, which meets the basic quality requirements for protective sleeper impregnating material (GOST 20022.5-93 “Wood protection. Autoclave impregnation with oily protective agents”) by selecting the optimal ratio of components, boiling in the temperature range, allowing for the mixing of components at temperatures of 50-60 ° C to obtain a homogeneous, non-delaminating scheysya mixture (antiseptic oil for the impregnation of wood).

1. The essence of the invention lies in the fact that the oil antiseptic for wood protection based on fractions of heavy sulfur gas oil of catalytic cracking (from paraffin oils) boiling in the range of 240-480 ° C, further contains fractions of heavy gas oil of thermal cracking with a high content of aromatic hydrocarbons and boiling away within 180-430 ° C (1st year version) in the following ratio of components, wt.%:

Sulfur Fractions

heavy gas oil

catalytic cracking,

boiling within 240-480 ° C 85-50

Heavy gas oil fractions

thermal cracking

boiling within 180-430 ° С 50-15

2. The invention also lies in the fact that the oil antiseptic for wood protection based on fractions of heavy sulfur gas oil of catalytic cracking (from paraffin oils) boiling within 240-480 ° C, further contains fractions of heavy gas oil of thermal cracking with a high content of aromatic hydrocarbons boiling in the range of 180-430 ° C, and a cracked residue with a boiling point N.K. 250-280 ° C to 470 ° C boils 50% (1st winter version) in the following ratio of components, wt.%:

Sulfur heavy gas oil fractions

catalytic cracking,

boiling off within the range of 240-480 ° С 49.5-82.5

Heavy gas oil fractions

thermal cracking

boiling within 180-430 ° С 12.5-49.5

Cracked residue

with temperature N.K. 250-280 ° C

50% boils up to 470 ° С 1-5

3. The invention also lies in the fact that the oil antiseptic for wood protection based on fractions of heavy sulfur gas oil of catalytic cracking (from paraffin oils) boiling in the range of 240-480 ° C, additionally contains fractions of heavy gas oil of thermal cracking with a high content of aromatic hydrocarbons and boiling in the range of 180-430 ° C, and light gas oil fractions of catalytic cracking, boiling in the range of 200-340 ° C (2-year version), with the following ratio of components, wt.%:

Heavy sulfur fractions

catalytic cracking gas oil,

boiling within the range of 240-480 ° С 50-65

Heavy gas oil fractions

thermal cracking

boiling within 180-430 ° C 5-25

Light gas oil fractions

catalytic cracking,

boiling within 200-340 ° С 10-45

4. The invention also lies in the fact that the oil antiseptic for wood protection based on fractions of heavy sulfur gas oil of catalytic cracking (from paraffinic oils) boiling in the range of 240-480 ° C, further contains fractions of heavy gas oil of thermal cracking with a high content of aromatic hydrocarbons and boiling in the range of 180-430 ° C, fractions of light gas oil catalytic cracking boiling in the range of 200-340 ° C, and as a depressant - cracking residue, boiling out within N.K. 250-280 ° C to 470 ° C boils 50% (2nd winter version) in the following ratio of components, wt.%:

Sulfur heavy gas oil fractions

catalytic cracking,

boiling within 240-480 ° C 49-62

Heavy gas oil fractions

thermal cracking

boiling within 180-430 ° C 4-24

Catalytic light gas oil fractions

cracking, boiling within 200-340 ° C 9-46

Cracking residue with temperature N.K.

 250-280 ° С 50% boils up to 470 ° С 1-5

These fractions and cracking residue, a depressant additive are prepared as follows.

Sulfurous heavy and light catalytic cracking gas oils are obtained in a catalytic cracking unit by thermocatalytic conversion of sulfurous vacuum gas oil (fraction 350-500 ° C) paraffinic oil in a reactor, followed by separation of the reaction products in a fractionating column into gas, gasoline fraction (N.K. 200 ° C), light gas oil fraction (200-340 ° С) and catalytic cracking heavy gas oil fraction (240-480 ° С) [Khadzhiev S.N. Cracking of oil fractions on zeolite-containing catalysts. M .: Chemistry, 1982].

Heavy thermal cracking gas oil and cracking residue are obtained by thermal cracking (at thermal cracking plants) of a mixture of distillate feedstocks (heavy catalytic cracking gas oil, oil extracts, vacuum gas oil, dark fraction).

The products of the thermal cracking reaction are separated in a fractionating column into thermal cracking gas, a gasoline fraction (N.K. 180 ° C), heavy thermal cracking gas oil (180-430 ° C) and a cracking residue (N.K. fraction 250-280 ° From up to 470 ° С boils 50%) [Akhmetov S.A. Technology of deep processing of oil and gas. Publishing house "Gilem". Ufa, 2002].

The proposed oil antiseptic for wood impregnation is prepared as follows.

Option 1.

Catalytic cracking fractions of heavy sulfur gas oil (FR 240-480 ° C) and thermal cracking heavy gas oil fractions (FR 180-430 ° C) with a high content of aromatic hydrocarbons are pumped into the mixing tee of the transport pipeline in a predetermined ratio, where they are thoroughly mixed form a homogeneous oily product, an oil antiseptic for wood impregnation (summer appearance).

Option 2

A heavy gas oil of thermal cracking and a cracking residue are pumped into the mixing tee of the transport pipeline in a predetermined ratio, mixing should occur under certain conditions and over time, ensuring complete dissolution of the cracked residue (depressant) in the heavy gas oil of thermal cracking.

A homogeneous mixture of heavy thermal cracking gas oil with a cracking residue is fed into a mixing tee of the transport pipeline, where it is mixed in a predetermined ratio with catalytic cracking heavy sulfur gas oil to obtain a homogeneous (triple mixture) commercial product - oil antiseptic - for wood impregnation (winter version).

Option 3

Fractions of sulfur catalytic cracking heavy gas oil and catalytic cracking light gas oil are pumped into the mixing tee of the transport pipeline in a predetermined ratio, where they are thoroughly mixed to form a homogeneous oily product, which is a two-component mixture. This two-component mixture is fed into the mixing tee of the transport pipeline, where it is mixed with the heavy thermal cracking gas oil in a predetermined ratio. As a result of mixing a two-component mixture of catalytic cracking gas oil with heavy thermal cracking gas oil, a marketable product is obtained - an oil antiseptic - for wood impregnation (summer version).

Option 4

Heavy thermal cracking gas oil and cracking residue are pumped into the transport pipe mixing tee at a thermal cracking unit in a predetermined ratio, mixing occurs under certain conditions and over time, ensuring complete dissolution of the cracking residue (depressant) in heavy thermal cracking gas oil).

In the tee of mixing the transport pipeline (at the catalytic cracking unit), sulfurous heavy gas oil of catalytic cracking and light gas oil of catalytic cracking are pumped in a predetermined ratio to obtain a homogeneous two-component mixture.

Next, a mixture of heavy thermal oil of thermal cracking with cracking residue and a mixture of sulfurous heavy gas oil of catalytic cracking with light gas oil of catalytic cracking are pumped into the mixing tee of the transport pipeline in a predetermined ratio.

After mixing the four components, a marketable mixture is obtained - an oil antiseptic for wood impregnation (winter version).

Example 1. Fractions of heavy sulfur gas oil of catalytic cracking (240-480 ° C) - 85 wt.% - are mixed with fractions of heavy gas oil of thermal cracking, boiling within 180-430 ° C, 15 wt.%, Having a high content of aromatic hydrocarbons. Get oil antiseptic for wood impregnation with the following quality indicators:

Pour point, ° C +18

Flash point

in an open crucible, ° C 130

Kinematic viscosity

at 80 ° С, mm ² / s 4.32

Density at 20 ° С, kg / m ³ 915

Example 2. Fractions of heavy sulfur gas catalytic cracking oil (240-480 ° C) - 50 wt. -% is mixed with fractions of heavy gas oil of thermal cracking, boiling in the range of 180-430 ° C, 50 wt.%, having a high content of aromatic hydrocarbons. Get oil antiseptic for wood impregnation with the following quality indicators:

Pour point, ° С +8

Flash point

open crucible, ° C 120

Kinematic viscosity

at 80 ° С, mm ² / s 3.25

Density at 20 ° С, kg / m ³ 921

Example 3. Fractions of sulfurous heavy gas oil of catalytic cracking (240-480 ° C) - 82.5 wt.% - mixed with fractions of heavy gas oil of thermal cracking, boiling within 180-430 ° C, with a high content of aromatic hydrocarbons, 12.5 wt.%, in a mixture with a cracking residue with N.K. 250-280 ° C (depressant) - 5 wt.%. Get oil antiseptic for wood impregnation with the following quality indicators:

Pour point, ° C -6

Flash point

in an open crucible, ° C 118

Kinematic viscosity

at 80 ° С, mm ² / s 4.25

Density at 20 ° С, kg / m ³ 914

Example 4. Fractions of sulfurous heavy gas oil of catalytic cracking (240-480 ° C) - 49.5 wt.% - mixed with fractions of heavy gas oil of thermal cracking, boiling within 180-430 ° C, 49.5 wt.%, Having an increased aromatic hydrocarbon content, mixed with cracked residue with N.K. 250-280 ° C (depressant) - 1.0 wt.%. An antiseptic is obtained with the following quality indicators:

Pour point, ° C -16

Flash point

in an open crucible, ° C 115

Kinematic viscosity

at 80 ° С, mm ² / s 2.89

Density at 20 ° С, kg / m ³ 924

Example 5. Fractions of sulfurous heavy gas oil of catalytic cracking (240-480 ° C) - 47.5 wt.% - mixed with fractions of heavy gas oil of thermal cracking, boiling within 180-340 ° C, 47.5%, with a high content of aromatic hydrocarbons mixed with cracked residue with N.K. 250-280 ° C (depressant) - 5.0 wt.%. An antiseptic is obtained with the following quality indicators:

Pour point, ° C -24

Flash point

in an open crucible, ° C 114

Kinematic viscosity

at 80 ° С, mm ² / s 2.91

Density at 20 ° С, kg / m ³ 926

Example 6. Fractions of heavy sulfur gas oil of catalytic cracking (240-480 ° C) - 50 wt.% - mixed with fractions of light gas oil of catalytic cracking 200-340 ° C, 45 wt.%, And heavy gas oil of thermal cracking 180-430 ° C, 5 wt.%, Having a high content of aromatic hydrocarbons. Get oil antiseptic for wood impregnation with the following quality indicators:

Pour point, ° С +9

Flash point

in an open crucible, ° C 120

Kinematic viscosity

at 80 ° С, mm ² / s 3.44

Density at 20 ° С, kg / m ³ 918

Example 7. Fractions of sulfurous heavy gas oil of catalytic cracking (240-480 ° C) - 65 wt.% - mixed with fractions of light gas oil of catalytic cracking 200-340 ° C, 10 wt.%, And heavy gas oil of thermal cracking 180-430 ° C, 25 wt.%, Having a high content of aromatic hydrocarbons. Get oil antiseptic for wood impregnation with the following quality indicators:

Pour point, ° С +8

Flash point

in an open crucible, ° C 126

Kinematic viscosity

at 80 ° С, mm ² / s 4.10

Density at 20 ° С, kg / m ³ 913

Example 8. Fractions of sulfurous heavy gas oil of catalytic cracking (240-480 ° C) - 49 wt.% - mixed with fractions of light gas oil of catalytic cracking 200-340 ° C, 45 wt.%, With fractions of heavy gas oil of thermal cracking 180-430 ° C, 5 wt.%, Having a high content of aromatic hydrocarbons, and with a cracking residue with N.K. 250-280 ° C (depressant) - 1 wt.%. Get oil antiseptic with the following quality indicators:

Pour point, ° C -5

Flash point

in an open crucible, ° C 122

Kinematic viscosity

at 80 ° С, mm ² / s 2.89

Density at 20 ° С, kg / m ³ 913.6

Example 9. Fractions of sulfurous heavy gas oil of catalytic cracking (240-480 ° C) - 50 wt.% - mixed with fractions of light gas oil of catalytic cracking 200-340 ° C, 41 wt.%, With fractions of heavy gas oil of thermal cracking 180-430 ° C, 4 wt.%, Having a high content of aromatic hydrocarbons, and with a cracking residue with N.K. 250-290 ° C (depressant) - 5 wt.% Receive an antiseptic with the following quality indicators:

Pour point, ° C -20

Flash point

in an open crucible, ° C 112

Kinematic viscosity

at 80 ° С, mm ² / s 2.92

Density at 20 ° С, kg / m ³ 914,2

Example 10. Fractions of heavy sulfur gas oil of catalytic cracking (240-480 ° C) - 62 wt.% - are mixed with fractions of light gas oil of catalytic cracking 200-340 ° C, 10 wt.%, With fractions of heavy gas oil of thermal cracking 180-430 ° C, 23 wt.%, Having a high content of aromatic hydrocarbons, and with a cracking residue with N.K. 250-280 ° C - 5 wt.% (Depressant). Get oil antiseptic with the following quality indicators:

Pour point, ° C -24

Flash point

in an open crucible, ° C 112

Kinematic viscosity

at 80 ° С, mm ² / s 2.42

Density at 20 ° С, kg / m ³ 914,4

From the above examples 1-10 it follows that the proposed compositions of the oil antiseptic for wood impregnation, obtained on the basis of heavy sulfur gas oil of catalytic cracking, light gas oil of catalytic cracking, heavy gas oil of thermal cracking, which has a high content of aromatic hydrocarbons, and a cracking residue (depressant), obtained during the processing of sulphurous, paraffin oils, allow practically producing an oil antiseptic for the impregnation of summer and winter wood depending from the component composition of the antiseptic and the ratio of components in the mixture.

In all cases, the resulting compositions of the oil antiseptic meet the requirements of GOST 20022.5-93 “Protection of wood. “Autoclave impregnation with oily protective agents”, and their production allows expanding the raw material base for obtaining oil-based antiseptics for impregnating sleepers using new compositions based on mixtures that include components of thermocatalytic (heavy and light catalytic cracking gas oil) and thermal (heavy thermal cracking gas oil) having a high content of aromatic hydrocarbons, and cracking residue) origin based on sulfur paraffinic oils.

The oil antiseptic obtained according to the invention is tested in the process of impregnation of wooden sleepers according to the following, for example, technology.

Sleepers made of sound wood (pine) are placed in an impregnating autoclave, in which an air pressure of 0.3 MPa is created for 5 minutes. The autoclave is filled with the obtained antiseptic liquid at a temperature of 95 ° C, a hydraulic pressure of 0.8 MPa is created and it is held for 60 minutes. Then the antiseptic liquid is removed from the autoclave, a vacuum of 0.085 MPa is created in the autoclave and kept for 20 minutes.

According to the analysis, this provides a depth of impregnation across the wood fibers of 8-13 mm with the absorption of the antiseptic 85-90 kg / m ^{3 of} wood.

Claims (4)

1. Petroleum antiseptic for wood impregnation based on fractions of heavy sulfur gas oil of catalytic cracking, characterized in that it contains fractions of heavy sulfur gas oil of catalytic cracking boiling within 240-480 ° C, and additionally contains fractions of heavy gas oil of thermal cracking with a high content of aromatic hydrocarbons boiling in the range of 180-430 ° C, in the following ratio of components, wt.%: Fractions of catalytic cracking heavy gas oil boiling in the range of 240-480 ° С 50-85 Fractions of heavy gas oil thermal cracking, boiling in the range of 180-430 ° C 15-50 2. Oil antiseptic for wood impregnation based on fractions of heavy sulfur gas oil of catalytic cracking and cracking residue, characterized in that it contains fractions of heavy sulfur gas oil of catalytic cracking boiling within 240-480 ° C, cracking residue with a boiling point of 250 -280 ° C and additionally contains fractions of heavy gas oil of thermal cracking with a high content of aromatic hydrocarbons, boiling in the range of 180-430 ° C, in the following ratio of components, wt.%: Catalytic cracking heavy sulfur gas oil fractions boiling in the range of 240-480 ° C 49.5-82.5 Fractions of heavy gas oil thermal cracking, boiling in the range of 180-430 ° C 12.5-49.5 Cracking residue with temperature N.K. 250-280 ° C 1.0-5.0 3. Oil antiseptic for wood impregnation based on fractions of heavy sulfur gas oil of catalytic cracking, characterized in that it contains fractions of heavy sulfur gas oil of catalytic cracking boiling within 240-480 ° C, and additionally contains fractions of heavy gas oil of thermal cracking with a high content of aromatic hydrocarbons boiling in the range of 180-430 ° C, and light gas oil fractions of catalytic cracking boiling in the range of 200-340 ° C, in the following ratio of components, wt.%: Catalytic cracking heavy sulfur oil fractions boiling in the range of 240-480 ° C 50-65 Fractions of heavy gas oil thermal cracking, boiling in the range of 180-430 ° C 5-25 Catalytic cracking light gas oil fractions boiling within 200-340 ° С 10-45 4. Oil antiseptic for wood impregnation based on fractions of heavy sulfur gas oil of catalytic cracking and cracking residue, characterized in that it contains fractions of heavy sulfur gas oil of catalytic cracking boiling within 240-480 ° C, cracking residue with a boiling point of 250 -280 ° С and additionally contains fractions of heavy gas oil of thermal cracking with a high content of aromatic hydrocarbons boiling in the range of 180-430 ° С, fractions of light gas oil of catalytic cracking boiling in at 200-340 ° C, in the following ratio of components, wt.%: Catalytic heavy sulfur oil fractions cracking, boiling within 240-480 ° C 49-62 Fractions of heavy gas oil thermal cracking, boiling within 180-430 ° C 4-24 Catalytic cracking light gas oil fractions boiling within 200-340 ° C 9-46 Cracking residue with temperature N.K. 250-280 ° C 1-5