RU2136924C1 - Rotary internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mechanical engineering. SUBSTANCE: engine has housing in form of hollow disk with toroidal space over periphery. Disk rotor placed inside housing has maximum cross-section and is furnished with cams of similar space formed by gradually changing diameters of sections of rotor surface. Pistons are arranged in periphery areas of maximum cross-section of rotor. Sealing shutters are installed at diametrically opposite sides of housing for extension under action of springs to form temporary combustion and compression chambers and subsequent moving backwards flush with surface at contact with rotor rim. EFFECT: simplified design of rotor engine, enhanced manufacturability, operation reliability and increased service life at maintaining of symmetrical loads on engine members and decrease in shock loads on rotor. 3 cl, 3 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to engine building and is intended for use in the creation of motorcycles, automobiles, wheeled and tracked tractors, river and sea boats. In addition, the invention can be applied in the design of water, fuel and oil transfer pumps, garden units, generator sets, compressors.

 Of the common designs of rotary engines (RD), the most promising are considered to be RDs with working elements that make an unambiguous, in particular, rotational movement. In this case, the working element means a group of parts that perceives the gas pressure created in the working chamber and transforms it into rotational motion.

 Known RD with sealing valves that move reciprocally in the rotor (see, for example, US patent N 4178902 F 02 B 53/00, 1979), or pivotally mounted in the sector cavities of the rotor (see, for example, ed. Certificate. USSR N 1255718 F 01 C 1/38, 1986).

 The disadvantages of such RDs are associated in one case with significant alternating loads from the mass of the sealing valves, which leads to increased wear and hardening of the housing surface, as well as increased vibration, and in the other case, to the low efficiency of sealing the joints of joints of the hinges with the body and rotor, which determines high thermal and mechanical loads of these interfaces and, as a result, shortening of the taxiway service life.

 Closest to the proposed is a rotary internal combustion engine containing a housing in the form of a hollow disk, a disk rotor located inside the housing, at least two pistons located in the peripheral regions of the rotor, at least one pair of sealing valves installed on diametrically opposite sides of the housing with the possibility of moving and interacting with the surface of the rotor with the formation of combustion and compression chambers, a receiver with inlet and outlet valves, inlet and exhaust pipes, is located nnye on both sides of each of the pair of sealing valves (see. DE N 3321461, F 02 B 53/02 application, 1985).

 The disadvantages of this RD are the complex implementation of the control valve of the sealing valves and low permissible loads on thin, non-supported pistons. These shortcomings ultimately explain the limited area of practical use of the known taxiway.

 The task is to simplify the design of the taxiway with an increase in the manufacturability of its manufacture, operational reliability and durability, maintaining the symmetry of the application of loads on the structural elements regardless of their wear, and also reducing the impact loads on the rotor when the gate valves are exposed to it.

 The technical result is achieved by the fact that in a rotary internal combustion engine containing a housing in the form of a hollow disk, a disk rotor located inside the housing, at least two pistons located in the peripheral regions of the rotor, at least one pair of sealing valves installed diametrically opposite sides of the housing with the ability to move and interacting with the surface of the rotor with the formation of combustion and compression chambers, a receiver with inlet and outlet valves, inlet and exhaust pipes, positioning married on both sides of each of the sealing gate valves of the pair, the rotor is made with a maximum cross section matching the cross section of the housing, and with at least two cam protrusions having the same configuration formed by smoothly varying diameters of the rotor surface sections and interacting with the valves , the pistons are located in the peripheral regions of the maximum cross section of the rotor, the inlet and outlet valves of the receiver are located on both sides of the other of the pair sealing valves.

 In addition, in the gasoline version, it can be equipped with a direct fuel injection valve into the combustion chamber installed in the housing, and a spark plug.

 In addition, in the diesel version it can be equipped with a valve for supplying fuel to the combustion chamber, made in the form of a plunger pair and installed in the housing.

 In FIG. 1 and 2 are respectively longitudinal and transverse sections of the proposed RD internal combustion engine, and in FIG. 3 - 7 show the four phases of the gas-dynamic cycle taking place in it.

 RD has a fixed housing 1 (Fig. 1) in the form of a hollow disk with a toroidal or other annular cavity at the periphery.

 A disk rotor 2 is placed inside the housing 1, the maximum cross-section of which coincides with the cross-section of the housing 1. For example, a pair of sealing valves 3 are installed in the recesses of the housing 1, for example, in its recesses, which can be extended by appropriate mechanisms, in particular coil springs 4 , interact with the surface of the rotor 2 and form temporary combustion and compression chambers, and when in contact with the peripheral areas (rim) of the rotor 2 again recess in the recesses of the housing 1. In The peripheral areas of the maximum cross section of the rotor 2 are two pistons 5, equipped with piston rings 6 or other sealing elements to provide compression in the toroidal cavity. The rotor 2 is made with at least two cam-shaped protrusions having the same configuration, formed by smoothly changing diameters of the surface sections of the rotor 2, designed to interact with the corresponding valves 3. On both sides of one of the sealing valves 3 (left in Fig. 1) exhaust pipes 7 are located for exhaust gases from the combustion chamber and inlet pipes 8 for supplying atmospheric air to the combustion chamber. On both sides of the other sealing gate 3 (right in FIG. 1), inlet valves 9 and exhaust valves 10 are located, respectively supplying air from the compression chamber to the receiver 11, designed to accumulate compressed air, and the output of compressed air from the receiver 11 into the chamber combustion.

 In a diesel version, a fuel supply valve 12, made in the form of a plunger pair, is passed into the combustion chamber through the housing 1. In the gasoline version, a direct-injection fuel valve 12 and a spark plug 13 are passed through the housing 1 into the combustion chamber. The valves 9, 10, 12 and the spark plug 13 have a drive for putting them into action at the right time. The combustion chamber 14 and the compression chamber 15 are indicated in FIG. 1.

 The operation of this internal combustion engine is as follows.

 When the rotor 2 rotates inside the housing 1 counterclockwise, the sealing valves 3, which are supported by the rim of the rotor 2, move to their extreme position by compressing the springs 4. In this case, the valves 3 move from the position overlapping the toroidal cavity of the housing 1 to the position that opens this cavity for the passage of the pistons 5. After the passage of the pistons 5, the valves 3 under the action of the spring 4 return to their original position, overlapping the toroidal cavity of the housing 1.

 During the rotation of the rotor 2 inside the housing 1, four phases of the gas-dynamic cycle proceed (Fig. 3-7).

 In FIG. 3 shows the operation of the engine at a time when the valves 3 are close to the extreme open position. All valves are closed. In the compression chamber 15, atmospheric air is sucked in, and in the combustion chamber 14 there is a working stroke. In the receiver 11 is air compressed during the previous measure.

 In FIG. 4 shows the operation of the engine when the valves 3 are in the extreme open position. All valves are closed. The exhaust pipe 7 is open and exhaust takes place in the combustion chamber 14. In the compression chamber 15, suction continues.

 In FIG. 5 shows the operation of the engine when the valves 3 are close to the extreme open position. In the combustion chamber 14, exhaust continues. All valves are closed. In the compression chamber 15, air moves over the thickness of the valve.

 After the pistons 5 pass through the valves 3, the latter, under the action of the springs 4, move to their extreme closed position and come into contact with the rotating rim of the rotor 2. As the rotor 2 rotates, new closed cavities are created behind the valves 3.

 In FIG. 6 shows the operation of the engine at the moment when, after the rotor 2 passes the exhaust valve 10, this valve opens and compressed air from the receiver 11 is supplied to the combustion chamber 14. Following this, fuel is supplied to the combustion chamber 14 through a fuel supply valve 12 in the form of a plunger pair in a diesel version or direct fuel injection in a gasoline version. Next (in gasoline version) a spark is supplied to the spark plug 13. In this cavity of the combustion chamber 14, ignition of the working mixture occurs and the working stroke begins. At this time, exhaust continues in the other cavity of the combustion chamber 14. In the cavity of the compression chamber 15, formed behind another valve 3, a new absorption of atmospheric air begins. Thus, in this engine, all phases of the gas-dynamic cycle flow simultaneously, but in different cavities.

 In FIG. 7 shows the operation of the engine when the valves 3 are in an intermediate position. A working stroke continues in one cavity of the combustion chamber 14, and an exhaust in the other. In one cavity of the compression chamber 15, atmospheric air is sucked in, in the other, its compression. In this case, the inlet valve 9 for supplying air to the receiver 11 is open, the exhaust valve 10 for air from the receiver 11 is closed, in the compression chamber 15, air is compressed, which accumulates in the receiver 11.

 Periodic repetition of the considered gas-dynamic cycles ensures obtaining useful mechanical power on the output shaft.

 In the above scheme, for one revolution of rotor 2, two complete gas-dynamic cycles are performed. With a different number of pistons 5, valves 3 and auxiliary units 7-13, the number of cycles per revolution may be different.

 Several buildings 1 can be combined by a common shaft, forming a multi-row taxiway.

Claims (3)

 1. A rotary internal combustion engine containing a housing in the form of a hollow disk, a disk rotor located inside the housing, at least two pistons located in the peripheral areas of the rotor, at least one pair of sealing valves installed on diametrically opposite sides of the housing with the possibility of movement and interacting with the surface of the rotor with the formation of combustion and compression chambers, a receiver with inlet and outlet valves, inlet and exhaust pipes located on both sides of each seal coupled valves, characterized in that the rotor is made with a maximum cross section coinciding with the cross section of the housing, and with at least two cam protrusions having the same configuration formed by smoothly changing diameters of the rotor surface sections, and interacting with the valves, the pistons are located in peripheral areas of the maximum cross-section of the rotor, the inlet and outlet valves of the receiver are placed on both sides of the other of the sealing gate valves of the pair.  2. The rotary internal combustion engine according to claim 1, characterized in that in the gasoline version it is equipped with a valve for direct fuel injection into the combustion chamber installed in the housing, and a spark plug.  3. The rotary internal combustion engine according to claim 1, characterized in that in the diesel version it is equipped with a valve for supplying fuel to the combustion chamber, made in the form of a plunger pair and installed in the housing.

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