RU2134245C1 - Liquid glass production method and reactor - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: manufacture of liquid glass used as binder in construction industry, petroleum production and other branches of industry. SUBSTANCE: method involves solving impure sodium disilicate in water while heating, with water being exposed to microwave field of at least one wave antinode, and reaction mass - to pulsed microwave field prior to solving impure sodium disilicate. Reactor has housing, thermostatic control system and mixing system, branch pipes and hole. Housing is provided with opening for receiving waveguide-microwave field source and water supply branch pipe. Waveguide and water supply branch pipe intersection zones are manufactured from low-loss dielectric. Portion of waveguide adjacent to opening inlet is covered with plate manufactured from low-loss dielectric. Method allows liquid glass with improved filterability to be produced. EFFECT: reduced time for producing liquid glass, increased output per unit of equipment, improved quality of liquid glass and reduced power consumption. 3 cl, 1 dwg, 1 tbl

Description

 The invention relates to a technology for the production of liquid glass, used as a binder in the construction, oil and other industries.

A known method of producing liquid glass by dissolving a silicate block at normal pressure and a temperature of 92-98 ^o C for 3-3.5 hours (1).

 The known method is characterized by a long duration of the process, a large content of insoluble precipitate.

 Closest to the invention in technical essence is a method for producing liquid glass by dissolving a silicate block by heating with simultaneous exposure to an alternating electric field with a voltage of 4 - 8 V / cm (2).

 The known method speeds up the process of dissolving the silicate block, but the use of alternating current as an activator of water in the reactor is dangerous, so the method has not found application in industry.

 A stationary autoclave for dissolving a silicate block is known, containing a container operating under overpressure, a hatch and nozzles for feeding ingredients and unloading liquid glass (3).

 The known device does not provide a high dissolution rate of silicates due to the lack of mixing devices.

 Closest to the invention in technical essence is a reactor containing a housing with a temperature control and mixing system, a hatch and nozzles for feeding ingredients and removing liquid glass (3).

 A reactor of this type does not allow to intensify the process of dissolving a silicate block due to insignificant in magnitude and influence of factors on the dissolving mass and significant energy consumption for the process.

 The invention solves the problem of reducing the time of receiving liquid glass, increasing the removal of products from a unit of equipment, improving the filterability of liquid glass, reducing energy consumption.

 The problem is solved in that in the method for producing liquid glass by dissolving a silicate block in water when heated and exposed to a field, according to the invention, the water is preliminarily irradiated with a microwave field of more than 1 antinode and the reaction mass is irradiated with a pulsed microwave field.

The problem is solved in that the reactor for producing liquid glass, comprising a housing, thermostatic and mixing systems, nozzles and a manhole, according to the invention, has an opening with a waveguide placed therein — a microwave source and a nozzle for supplying water, the waveguide and the nozzle for supplying water are crossed outside the reactor vessel at an angle of 10-30 ^o , the pipe for supplying water in the zone of intersection with the waveguide is made of dielectric with low losses, and the waveguide at the entrance to the hole is blocked by a plate of dielectric with low losses.

The features of the object of the invention "method" are the following:
1. dissolution of a silicate block in water;
2. the same when heated;
3. the same when exposed to the field;
4. water is preliminarily subjected to irradiation with a microwave field;
5. the same more than 1 antinode;
6. The reaction mass is subjected to irradiation with a pulsed microwave field.

 Signs 1-3 are similar to the prototype, signs 4-6 are the salient features of the invention.

The features of the object of the invention "device" are the following:
1. housing;
2. temperature control system:
3. mixing system:
4. branch pipes;
5. sunroof:
6. hole;
7. placement in the hole of the waveguide - the source of the microwave field;
8. placement in the hole of the pipe for supplying water;
9. the intersection of the waveguide and the pipe for supplying water outside the reactor vessel;
10. The intersection angle of 10-30 ^o ;
11. the implementation of the pipe for supplying water in the zone of intersection with the waveguide of the dielectric with low losses;
12. overlapping the waveguide at the entrance to the hole with a low-loss dielectric plate.

 Signs 1-5 are similar to the prototype, signs 6-12 are the salient features of the invention.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The process of producing liquid glass is characterized by a duration, low yield, energy intensity, the resulting liquid glass has insufficiently good filterability.

 The invention solves the problem of reducing the time of receiving liquid glass, increasing the removal of products from a unit of equipment, improving the filterability of liquid glass, reducing energy consumption.

 It has been established that the treatment of water with a microwave field, provided that several antinodes pass through the water, increases the degree of water activation. Hence the decrease in the dissolution time of the silicate block.

 Given the small volume of water moving in a unit of time through the pipe for supplying water, the inertia mode (continuous or pulsed) of the microwave field does not play a big role. At the same time, the requirement is met: the time between pulses is small so that there is no breakthrough of water that has not been exposed to the field, or this effect is limited in time.

 The influence of the microwave field on the reaction mass in the reactor, taking into account its volume and the reactor, is preferably carried out in a pulsed mode. This provides a sharp increase in the power of the microwave field and, despite the losses when moving into the reactor and in the reactor itself, the effect will be much larger than in the case of constant generation of the microwave field.

 The simultaneous activation of water when it is fed into the reactor and in the reaction mass in the reactor gives the best effect in reducing the dissolution time and increasing the degree of solubility of the silicate block. In this case, pulsed generation of the microwave field should be used when acting on the reaction mass, and the water in the nozzle moving into the reactor should be affected by any type of microwave field, but the antinode should be greater than 1 to achieve the greatest effect on water.

Distinctive features of the claimed reactor is the presence of an opening into which the waveguide is introduced — a microwave source and a nozzle for supplying water, which intersect outside the reactor vessel at an angle of 10-30 ^° , and the nozzle in the zone of intersection with the waveguide is made of a single layer of dielectric with low losses, and the waveguide at the entrance to the hole is blocked by a plate of the same dielectric.

 An opening is made in the reactor vessel, and the ends of the articulated waveguide and the pipe for supplying water are introduced into it. A pipe for supplying water to the reactor crosses the waveguide at an angle outside the reactor vessel and is made of the same dielectric.

Outside the waveguide, the dielectric pipe of the pipe is protected from the outside by a metal pipe and casings. The articulation of the waveguide and the water supply pipe is carried out at angles of 10-30 ^o , because within these limits, the dielectric pipe of the nozzle crosses in the waveguide the zone of motion of the microwave field, which ensures an antinode of more than 1. More than 30 ^o - the antinode is about 1 or less. The angle of articulation is less than 10 ^o - creates great inconvenience to the constructive solution of the site, the bulkiness and difficulties of ensuring radiation safety. The waveguide at the entrance to the hole is covered by a low-loss dielectric plate, the waveguide plate and the end of the water supply pipe are fixed into the hole, and the free space from the side of the inner surface of the reactor is sealed.

 The drawing shows a reactor for producing liquid glass.

The reactor comprises a housing 1, a temperature control system 2 and mixing 3, an upper nozzle 4, a hatch 5, a nozzle for removing liquid glass 6. A waveguide 8, a microwave source, the end of which is covered by a dielectric plate 9, is inserted into the hole 7 made in the housing 1. with low losses. The waveguide 8 crosses the pipe for supplying water 10 at an angle of 10-30 ^o to the axes of the conjugate bodies. The pipe 10 in the zone of intersection of the waveguide 8 is single-layer. This layer 11 is made of a low-loss dielectric, and outside the waveguide 8, metal casings 12 are worn externally on the layer 11.

 The end of the waveguide 8 with the dielectric 9 and the end of the pipe 10 are fixed in the hole 7 of the housing 1, and the free space is sealed. The hole of the water supply pipe 10 and the surface of the dielectric plate 9 are left free. All interfaces are sealed.

 The reactor operates as follows.

 The reactor vessel 1 is thermostatically controlled, and process water is supplied into it through a pipe 10. At the same time, the source is switched on, from which the microwave field in the waveguide 8 passes through the dielectric layer 11 and acts on the water, activating it. The articulation of the waveguide 8 and the pipe 10 at an angle to each other provides an impact on the water with an antinode of more than 1, i.e. water when moving through the waveguide inside the layer 11 passes several antinodes (antinode is equal to the length of the electromagnetic wave). The number of antinodes is due to the size of the portion of the pipe 10 inside the waveguide; it depends on the angle of articulation of these elements. At the end of the supply of activated water to the reactor, the microwave source is turned off, hatch 5 is opened and a silicate block is poured into the reactor with stirring. After loading the silicate block, the hatch 5 is closed, the source is turned on again, and the microwave field through the waveguide 8, the empty layer 11 and the dielectric plate 9 at the end of the waveguide 8 penetrates into the reactor volume. It acts on the reaction mass and additionally activates water. The complex trajectory of the microwave field covers the entire volume of the reactor.

 When the microwave field moves in the direction of the reactor volume, losses occur during the passage of the dielectric layer 11 (without water) and the plate 9, but they make up 15-20% of the generated power. Apply the pulsed mode of operation of the microwave source. This provides power an order of magnitude higher than in continuous generation.

 To activate the water during its movement in the supply pipe, the source mode of operation does not matter much, because the drift of its power in the continuous generation mode is sufficient for small volumes of moving water per unit time. Fasteners, sealing and the use of transcendental waveguides in the conjugate design of the water supply pipe and the waveguide provide a safe process.

 An example of a specific implementation.

In the reactor with a volume of 0.63 m ³ with thermostat 2 turned on, process water with a volume of 240 l with a temperature of 80 ^o C is poured. The water passing through the water supply pipe 10 is exposed to a microwave field generated by a KIE-5 source with a frequency of 2450 MHz and N _cf - 5 kW, the operating mode is continuous generation, or the water is affected by a pulsed microwave field with a pulse frequency of 20 microseconds, while in all types of generator operation the energy density is 0.3-008 kW / cm ² .

 After pouring the water, the microwave field source is turned off and the hatch 5 is opened, a silicate block of size 20-150 mm in the amount of 180 kg is loaded with the stirrer 3 working. After closing the hatch 5, the microwave field source is turned on, configured for pulse generation. The microwave field along the waveguide 8, passing through a layer 11 that does not have water inside, and the dielectric plate 9 enters the internal volume of the reactor, where, acting on the reaction mass, it activates water additionally. The dissolution time of the silicate block under these hydrothermal conditions is reduced.

During the experiments, the second part of the process varies the pulsed generation of the microwave field, the energy density is about 4 kW / cm ² .

 In the experiments, a pipe with an inner diameter of 12 mm and a wall of 2 mm made of quartz glass of the KU-1 brand with a dielectric constant of 3.8 is used. The waveguide ends with a 10 mm thick quartz glass plate KU-1.

Layer 11 of the pipe 10 is introduced into the waveguide and articulated at an angle of 20 ^o (antinode 4) (experiments 1,2,4,5,7,8) and at an angle of 32 ^o (antinode 1) (experiment 10 and 11). The ends of the waveguide 8 with the plate 9 and the pipe 10 are introduced into the hole of the reactor, rigidly strengthened, and the free space from the side of the reactor is sealed with VTO-1 mastic.

 The process parameters, the density of liquid glass and the amount of insoluble precipitate in various conditions of conducting the process of obtaining liquid glass are given in the table.

 The table shows that sodium silicates and sodium potassium dissolve faster under hydrothermal conditions (dissolution time is reduced by 1.5-2 times) if the water is pre-treated with a microwave field in combination with a microwave treatment of the reaction mass (experiments 1,2,4 , 7.8 in comparison with 6.9). In addition, if you use only the effect on water in the pipe when it is supplied by the microwave field (experiment 5), or only the effect is on the reaction mass (experiment 3), then the dissolution time is longer than in experiments 1,2,4 in about 1, 2-1.5 times.

 Analyzing the effect on the activation of water in the supply pipe 10 (experiments 1,5,10,11) of the conjugation angle of the pipe 10 and the waveguide 8, it can be noted that the number of antinodes crossed by water when moving through a dielectric pipe is increased by its activation intensity, which affects at the time of dissolution of the silicate block.

 The amount of insoluble precipitate in the reaction mass decreased approximately in the same dependence, as described above.

 There is a decrease in accretions when exposed to a microwave field during the entire process of obtaining liquid glass.

 From the data of the table it follows that the type of silicate does not affect the considered patterns. The most appropriate is the process of obtaining liquid glass when exposed in the pipe 10 to the water supplied to the reactor, and in the reactor itself. At the same time, in the first part of the process (water preparation), the microwave field generation regime has practically no effect on the time of dissolution of the silicate block. Ensuring an antinode of more than unity by creating a given angle of conjugation between the waveguide and the water supply pipe leads to a decrease in the dissolution time of the silicate block.

 In the second part of the effect of the field on the reaction mass, pulsed microwave generation is preferable.

 Thus, the process of producing liquid glass when water is activated in the supply pipe by the microwave field and the reaction mass in the reactor by a pulsed microwave field allows to reduce the dissolution time of the silicate block, to reduce the amount of insoluble precipitation in the reaction mass.

 The proposed technical solution will allow to increase the removal of products from a unit of equipment, to improve the expenditure coefficients for raw materials due to a more complete dissolution of the silicate block, to reduce the energy consumption for producing liquid glass, to improve its filterability.

Sources of information taken into account when preparing the application
1. USSR author's certificate N 415233, published. 1974.

 2. Copyright certificate of the USSR N 783227, published. 1980.

 3. V.I. Korneev, V.V. Danilov. Liquid and soluble glass. S-Pb ..:, Stroyizdat, 1996, p. 155-171.

Claims (2)

 1. A method of producing liquid glass by dissolving a silicate block in water when heated and exposed to a field, characterized in that the water is first subjected to irradiation with a microwave field of more than 1 antinode, and the reaction mass is subjected to a pulsed microwave field. 2. A reactor for producing liquid glass, comprising a housing, thermostatic and mixing systems, nozzles and a manhole, characterized in that it has an opening with a waveguide placed therein — a microwave source and a nozzle for supplying water; the waveguide and the nozzle for supplying water are crossed outside the reactor vessel at an angle of 10 - 30 ^o , the pipe for supplying water in the zone of intersection with the waveguide is made of dielectric with low losses, and the waveguide at the entrance to the hole is blocked by a plate of dielectric with low losses.

Images