RU2134141C1 - Drinking water treatment filter, method for connecting it to water- supply network, and disinfection filter - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: water treatment. SUBSTANCE: apparatus contains casing enclosing disinfection filter in the form of membrane element packet, each element consisting of two flat membranes and a separation plate between them made in a monoblock unit. Each plate has four holes in its corners, the two ones designed for withdrawal of treated water and two remaining holes for water supply. Apparatus also contains "busofit" sorption unit and a fibrous material chemisorption unit, valve connected to water-supply network, and pressure regulator mounted between valve and disinfection filter. EFFECT: improved water treatment quality and accelerated filtration. 2 cl, 2 dwg, 1 tbl

Description

 The invention relates to the field of ecology and human health and can be used in everyday life for the purification of drinking water.

 A device for the purification and conditioning of water (RF patent 2049070 C 02 F 1/18) containing a container with layers located therein for two-stage water treatment, the first layer is made of schungite with a total content of silica and aluminosilicates of 30-70% and the second - from dolomite containing organic components of not more than 0.1% of its mass, including sulfur 1.2-2%, nitrogen 0.3-0.6% by weight of organic matter, the first container is made of material with a pore size of 1-100 microns.

 The known device has a limited scope due to the fact that it does not provide for cleaning from ions of heavy metals, petroleum products, pesticides, many chemicals dissolved in water.

 Also known is a water treatment plant (USSR AS 1798312 C 02 F 1/18, 1993), including a coarse cleaning unit, a fine cleaning unit, a disinfection unit, a pump, a piping system for supplying and discharging water, the installation being equipped with a water intake, made in the form of a two-chamber container, a drinking water collector, the coarse cleaning unit is made in the form of a filter unit, the disinfection unit is made in the form of a UV sterilizer and equipped with a sterilizing filter, the piping system is equipped with shut-off valves, the outlet of one of the intake chambers is connected Through a pump and shut-off valves with a coarse cleaning unit and a disinfection unit, the input of the fine-cleaning unit is connected to the output of the cleaning unit, and the output is connected to the input of the disinfection unit, the output of the UV sterilizer is connected through the shut-off chamber to the input of the second intake chamber and the input of the sterilizing filter, output which is connected to a drinking water collector.

 The disadvantage of this installation is that it does not provide for the purification of water from heavy metal ions, organochlorine compounds, phenol, petroleum products, pesticides, etc., as well as a complex installation (intake) system.

 The closest in technical essence and the achieved effect to the claimed technical solution is the installation for the purification and conditioning of drinking water (RF patent 2084411, C 02 F 9/00, 28.12.94), which includes three main nodes - the pre-treatment unit, made in the form of sorption filters cartridge type in the amount of 1-4 pcs., the main sorption purification unit, made in the form of a sorption filter (s) with layers of modified zeolite of monoclinic structure, carboxyl cation exchange located in it (them) nnica in granular or fibrous form and a carbon adsorbent, some of which is in a bactericidal (silver) form, a final cleaning unit made in the form of one to four cartridge filters with microfiltration elements with a pore size of 0.5 - 10 microns.

Significant disadvantages of this technical solution are:
- design complexity;
- complexity of service;
- use of precious metal.

 The problem solved by the invention is to manufacture a filter of simple design, compact, with improved weight and size characteristics (weight 10 kg, 260x400x400 mm), convenient for operation in a domestic environment, consisting of a housing with a disinfection filter arranged in series under each other, made in the form of a membrane plate block, a sorption block, including carbon fiber sorption material (busofit), a chemisorption block, including a chemisorption sorption fiber VIO H; effective for removing impurities such as pesticides, organochlorine compounds, heavy metal ions, petroleum products from water, providing complete removal of microbial and bacterial flora from water, including washing the membrane without disassembling the product.

 In FIG. 1 shows a filter MXS-30, a longitudinal section.

 The MXS-30 filter for purifying drinking water contains a housing with nozzles for supplying water 1, drainage of purified water 2 and a nozzle for removing pollution 6. In the housing, blocks are arranged sequentially one above the other: membrane plate block 3 (disinfection filter), chemisorption block, consisting of buso-carbon carbon fiber serum material BUSOFIT 4 and VION 5 chemisorptive fiber.

 The number of layers of filter elements, their configuration, thickness, etc. determine the operating characteristics of the filter: the amount of water, the time of its continuous operation from regeneration to regeneration, the cost of the filter itself.

 The specific layout of the filtering units is determined not only by the requirements for the filter, but also by the properties of the water supplied for treatment.

 The filter works as follows.

 Purified water enters through pipe 1, counterflow rises and passes filter blocks successively arranged one above the other: mechanical impurities larger than 0.1 μm, bacteria, viruses are screened out on the membrane plate block.

 BUSOFIT 4 carbon-fiber serum-filtering material provides purification from phenol, organochlorine, petroleum products and pesticides.

 Chemisorption fiber prevents ions of iron, lead, copper, chromium, cadmium, zinc and other heavy metals from entering the purified water. Purified water through the pipe outlet of purified water 2 is supplied to the consumer.

 Comparative data on water purification on the MXS-30 filter and the requirements of GOST and SanPiN are given in the table.

 The table shows that the water after treatment meets the requirements of GOST 28-74-82 (drinking water) and SanPiN.

 A device for cleaning drinking water at home (RF patent 2060779, B 01 D 15/00, 27/02, 06/22/94), which by the method of connection to the water supply network is the closest analogue to the filter MXS-30 under consideration. A flexible hose serves to supply water from a faucet, and a drain pipe serves to supply purified water to the consumer, a level indicator allows you to select the optimal rate of water filtration through the filter and signals about overflow of the filter, the clamp serves to attach the device to the wall. Water is supplied from below and countercurrently passes through the filter elements and a layer of sorbent.

 Connection filter MXS-30 to the water supply network is as follows (Fig. 2).

 The MXS-20 filter is located directly above the sink (sink) with the installation of a separate tap on the sink (sink) that controls the operation of the filter.

 A half-clamp 8 is attached to the water supply network (pipe) 7, through which water is supplied to the valve 9 installed on the sink (sink) 10. After valve 9, through the pressure regulator 11, water enters the filter 12. The purified water is supplied to the gander 13, additionally mounted on sink 10.

 The pressure regulator 11 maintains the pressure at the level of 2 atm., Despite the pressure fluctuations in the water supply network.

 A device is known for purifying drinking tap water (RF patent 2052278, B 01 D 63/00, 08/07/93), where a ceramic filter element with a high-performance fibrous ceramic membrane is used as the main filtered cell. The filtered cell consists of a cylindrical body mounted coaxially with it with a gap from its inner wall of a tubular filtering ceramic element with a ceramic fiber membrane with a holding capacity of 0.1-0.2 microns, on the inner surface of a ceramic tube, stuffing box seals, flanges with fittings or any other transitional devices for connecting to the pipeline and the outlet fitting in communication with the gap between the filter element and the cell body.

 The design of the filtered cell is the closest in technical essence to the proposed disinfection filter. Low filtering rate and insufficient degree of purification are the disadvantages of this design.

 The design of the disinfection filter, which is an integral part of the MXS-20 filter for drinking water purification, is a membrane plate block and contains a package of alternating flat rectangular membrane elements. Each membrane element consists of two flat membranes and a separation plate placed between them, embedded in a monoblock. Each plate has 4 holes located at the corners, two of which are for the removal of purified water, two for water supply. Two parallel channels depart from the latter, separated by jumpers and connected to the main longitudinal channels of a semicircular section. There are sealing tabs around the perimeter of the plates and inlets.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where:
in FIG. 3 schematically shows a separation plate;
in FIG. 4 is a section AA in FIG. 3;
in FIG. 5 schematically shows a membrane block, a longitudinal section.

 The dividing plate contains 4 holes, two of which are for discharging purified water 16, two for supplying water 15. Two parallel channels 19, separated by jumpers 18 and connected to the main longitudinal channels 14 of semicircular section, depart from the holes 15 for supplying water. on both sides of the plate. There are sealing lips 17 around the perimeter of the plates and inlets. The separation plate is made of plastic.

The membrane plate block consists of separation plates and the membranes themselves, which are assembled into the block as follows: separation plate 21, then the membrane 20, facing the plate 21 with a non-working surface; the separation plate 22, rotated 90 ^° relative to the separation plate 21, the membrane 20 faces the working surface 25 to the plate 22, etc. Thus, the whole block is assembled, where the odd plates act as output collectors, and even ones serve as input collectors. The membranes face the odd plates with a non-working surface, and the even ones have a working surface.

 Membrane plate block operates as follows.

 The liquid is fed into the pore of the inlet openings 15. In the even (inlet) plates, it flows through the channels 19, the working longitudinal channels 14 and then penetrates through the membranes 20. In the odd 21, 23 (output) plates, the openings 15 are transit, i.e. the liquid passes through them to the next even plates 22, 24 (inlet) following it. The fluid passing through the membrane is collected in the channels 14 of the odd (output) plates 21, 23 and then through the channels 19 into the openings 16 - to the exit. In the even (input) plates 22, 24, the holes 16 are transit, i.e. the liquid passes through them to the next odd (output) plates 21, 23.

 The design of the separation plate allows for uniform distribution of fluid in the channels. Water moving above the surface of the membrane under the influence of pressure created in the block is subjected to purification from mechanical impurities larger than 0.1 microns, bacteria, viruses.

 When flushing the membrane unit 3, one of the holes 15 is used to enter the liquid, and the second to exit. In this case, the liquid passes with great speed through all the input channels and flushes particles accumulated on them from the working surfaces of the membranes.

Claims (2)

 1. The filter for drinking water purification, comprising a housing with a disinfection filter located therein, a sorption unit and a chemisorption unit made of fibrous ion-exchange material VION, characterized in that it is equipped with a valve connected via a half-clamp to the water supply network and installed between the valve and filter for disinfection with a pressure regulator, while the filter for disinfection is made in the form of a membrane plate block with a pore size of 0.1 μm, and the sorption block is made of coal Busofit nano-fiber sorption filter material.  2. The disinfection filter, made in the form of a filter unit containing a package of membrane elements, characterized in that each membrane element consists of two flat membranes and a separation plate placed between them, filled into a monoblock, each plate having four holes located at the corners, two of which are designed to drain purified water, and the other two to supply water, two parallel channels departing from the latter, separated by jumpers and connected to the main longitudinal channels of the floor ruglogo section and along the perimeter of the plates and the inlet openings are sealing lip.

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