RU2125138C1 - Device for removing oil and oil products from water surface - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: environment control. SUBSTANCE: this is intended for removing spilt oil from surface of water basins and rivers and for collecting it. Device has load-bearing frame, two rotating drums with shells having oil sorbing surface, chute and pipeline for taking out collected oil, and floats. Both rotating drums are provided over their bases in upper part with end-face seals with holes of triangular configuration which are located above chute and directed by apex of angle down. Sides at this angle are tangential to shells of both drums. Second rotating drum is provided with drive in the form of chain transmission with pressing mechanism. Rotation of drums in different directions ensures pressing off oil and oil products into space above shells of contacting drums. Installed over perimeter of load-bearing frame is screen guarding which is immersed in water. Shells of drums are provided with resilient sheathing made of oleophilous material. Aforesaid embodiment of device ensures its high productive capacity in collecting oil and simplifies removal of collected oil from drum shells. EFFECT: higher efficiency. 4 cl, 2 dwg

Description

 The invention is intended to remove oil and oil products from the surface of the water during the liquidation of oil spills during emergency situations associated with the destruction of pipelines or ships, and can be used to protect the environment.

 A device for removing oil and oil products from the surface of the water is known as a cable mop, including an endless belt adsorbing oil and made of polyurethane strands stretched through the strands of the carrier cable so that they protrude from it in a radial direction around the circumference in the form of a pile, an adsorbing belt passes between two rotating rollers, squeezing oil, merging into a tray, from where oil is pumped into the tank (D. Cormac. Combating sea pollution with oil and chemicals. M: Transport, 1989, pp. 222 - 224). The disadvantage of this device is the low productivity of the collected oil and the difficulty of moving from one zone of contaminated water to another long (more than 30 m) oil absorbing elements.

 A device is also known for collecting oil and oil products from the surface of the water, including a partially flooded drum with floats at the ends of the drum and a vacuum receiving chamber adjacent to the drum with a front wall made in the form of a scraper (ed. St. USSR N 1625952, class E 02 B 15/04, Morozova G.I. et al. / A device for collecting oil and oil products from the surface of the water (Bull. Inventory N 5, 1991). The disadvantage of this device is the low selectivity of oil collection, with which the predominant amount of water is sucked into the device.

 A device for removing oil and oil products from the surface of the water is also known, including a rotating drum with a hydrophobic surface and an adjacent system for removing and collecting the product (ed. St. USSR N 1618836, class E 02 B 15/04, Karavaev I.I. . et al. / Device for removing oil from the surface of water (Bull. Inventory N 1, 1991). The disadvantage of this device is the unregulatedness of its operation in conditions of varying thickness of the oil film and, accordingly, changes in the volumetric flow rate of oil removed by the squeezing device. At a high oil gathering rate from a thick oil layer, the oil removal system from the drum does not have time to divert the collected oil to the receiver and part of it flows to the cleaned water surface, leading to its secondary pollution. The second disadvantage of the device is its low productivity.

 The aim of the invention is to increase the productivity and reliability of the device for removing oil and oil products from the surface of the water.

 This goal is achieved by the fact that in the device for removing oil and oil products from the surface of the water, including the supporting frame, a rotating drum with an oil sorbing shell surface, a squeezing roller, a tray and a pipeline for collecting collected oil and floats, the squeezing roller is made in the form of a second rotating drum with oil sorbing shell surface, both rotating drums have end seals on the bases in the upper part with triangular holes located above the tray and facing the apex head down and with sides at this angle with respect to the sides of both drums.

 The execution of the squeezing roller in the form of a second rotating drum with an oil sorbing surface of the shell allows increasing the productivity of the device for collecting oil by 80 - 90% with the same dimensions and energy consumption of the device. The supply of both rotating drums on the bases in the upper part with mechanical seals with triangular holes located above the tray and facing the top of the angle down and the sides with respect to the sides of both drums makes it possible to increase the flow area with increasing thickness of the device with increasing thickness of the layer of oil to be collected drain device, in addition, the mechanical seal does not allow pressed oil to be discharged again to the surface of the water, bypassing the tray. The shells of the rotating drums have elastic shells of oleophilic material, which increases the performance of the drums in the collected oil and facilitates the removal of the collected oil from the shells when they are compressed under the pressure of the second rotating drum.

 To prevent slipping of the rotating drums between themselves, the second rotating drum has a drive in the form of a chain transmission with a push mechanism. Both drums have multidirectional rotation, which provides the extraction of oil and oil products into the space above the shells of the contacting drums, which allows you to place the tray in a higher position relative to the water level and structurally simplify the system for removing the extracted oil from the device. A mesh fence mounted on a supporting frame and buried in water protects the device from contamination by floating objects - leaves, algae, etc.

 In FIG. 1 shows a device for removing oil and oil products from the surface of the water, a general view from above; in FIG. 2 shows a section AA in FIG. 1.

 A device for removing oil and oil products from the surface of the water consists of a supporting frame 1, a rotating drum 2 with an oil sorbing shell surface with an oleophilic shell 3, a second rotating drum 4 with an oil sorbing shell surface with an oleophilic shell 5, an end seal 6 with a triangular opening 7, tray 8 and pipe 9 for collecting the collected oil, floats 10, electric motor 11, gear 12. The second rotating drum 4 has a chain gear 13 with a pressure mechanism 14. The device is equipped with a mesh ogre REPRESENTATIONS 15.

 A device for removing oil and oil products from the surface of the water works as follows. When an oil spill is detected, the device is delivered to the spill site and descends into the water. After applying voltage to the electric motor 11, the device begins to collect oil, which is selectively absorbed into the oil-sorbing surface of the shell with the oleophilic shell 3 of the rotating drum 2 in communication with the gear 12, and the shell with the oleophilic shell 5 of the second rotating drum 4. Pressed from the volume of the shells with oleophilic shells 3 and 5, the oil then flows through the opening 7 of the mechanical seal 6 into the tray 8 for collecting and discharging the collected oil, from where it is transported through a pipe 9 to an additional storage tank I collected oil (not shown). The press mechanism 14 of the chain drive 13 provides the rotational movement of the second rotating drum 4 without slipping and allows it to move reciprocally in the horizontal plane in the event of accidental contact between the drums of foreign objects, for example, leaves carried by the wind or small branches.

 Example 1. The model created according to the claimed invention in a scale of 5: 1, reliably worked when collecting oil from the water surface in the range of the oil layer thickness in the range from 0.1 to 20 mm with 100% removal of the collected oil at a productivity of 0.01 - 2 liters of oil per minute, depending on the thickness of the oil film.

 Example 2. A model created according to the prototype on a scale of 5: 1 with a squeezing roller, reliably worked when collecting oil from the water surface only in the range of the oil layer thickness in the aisles from 0.1 to 5 mm with a productivity of 0.005 - 0.25 l of oil per min, and with an increase in the thickness of the oil layer from 5 to 20 mm, the recovery of the collected oil was from 90 to 70% of the potential of 0.25 - 1 liter of oil per minute, due to the overflow of part of the collected oil through the squeeze roller and its return to the cleaned surface of the water.

 The industrial applicability of the device for removing oil and oil products from the water surface is ensured by the simplicity of the device design, the possibility of its manufacture in any enterprise having a mechanical workshop and experimentally proven device operability.

 The positive effect of the invention is to combine the processes of removing oil from the surface and collecting it for further use in the national economy.

 The economic efficiency of the invention consists primarily in avoiding the economic damage caused by accidental spills of oil and oil products to the environment. Economic damage to the environment during the spill of 1 ton of oil - 32 million rubles. (in prices 1996). One device with an estimated cost of 50 million rubles is capable of collecting more than 2 tons of oil per day (12 hours of operation) (with a powerful oil spill with a layer thickness of 2 or more cm). In case of emergency response with a capacity of 10 tons of oil, one device will provide the necessary oil recovery within 5 days; Thus, the expected economic effect of the application of the claimed invention will be (without taking into account the cost of oil returned to the national economy) even with a single use of the device (for example, in hard-to-reach areas) 32 • 10 - 50 = 270 million rubles and the claimed invention will be self-repaying for almost 2 h work.

 The invention can be used repeatedly, the need of the national economy in it is about a thousand units.

Claims (5)

 1. A device for removing oil and oil products from the surface of the water, including a supporting frame, a rotating drum with an oil sorbing shell surface, a squeezing roller, a tray and a pipe for removing collected oil and floats, characterized in that the squeezing roller is made in the form of a second rotating drum with the oil sorbing surface of the shell, both rotating drums have end seals on the bases in the upper part with triangular holes located above the tray and facing the top of the angle down and sides E at this angle is tangent to both drums mantle.  2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the second rotating drum has a drive in the form of a chain transmission with a push mechanism.  3. The device according to p. 1 or 2, characterized in that both drums have multidirectional rotation, which provides the extraction of oil and oil products into the space above the shells of the contacting drums.  4. The device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it is provided with a mesh fence buried in water along the perimeter of the supporting frame.  5. The device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the shells of the rotating drums have elastic shells of oleophilic material.

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