RU212247U1 - Mover Kovaleva I.S. for a boat - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to propulsion structures for surface and underwater transport and can be used on passenger, transport, military ships, submarines, boats, yachts and torpedoes.

The mover includes a rotary shaft with a centrifugal pump impeller fixed on it and an annular screen in the form of a side surface of a truncated cone with a height exceeding the diameter of the larger base, and with an angle of 15 degrees between the generatrix and the axis of the cone.

The mover has an increased efficiency. 2 ill.

Description

The utility model relates to propulsion structures for surface and underwater vehicles and can be used on passenger, transport, military ships, submarines, boats, yachts and torpedoes.

The propeller is the main propulsion device for swimming facilities created by man and makes it possible to move ships with a displacement of up to several hundred thousand tons over the water surface of the seas and oceans, which occupy 70% of the Earth's surface. Nevertheless, the efficiency propeller speed is not high enough and tends to decrease with increasing ship speed. During the operation of the propeller, there is a loss of energy supplied from the engine. These are energy losses for the creation of induced axial velocities or losses for flow acceleration in the axial direction (in the jet behind the propeller). Losses to create induced circumferential speeds due to the high rotational speed and the action of centrifugal forces that cause water to flow along the wall of the propeller blades in the radial direction. The most significant are the profile energy losses to overcome the frictional forces of the blades on the water and the frontal resistance or shape resistance during their rotation. There are also terminal (inductive) energy losses when water flows from the discharge surface with the area of high pressure to the suction surface into the area of low pressure through the edge of the blade (1).

Known, adopted as a prototype, the design of the propulsion vehicle (2), including a rotary shaft with a centrifugal pump impeller fixed on it, as well as an annular screen made in the form of a truncated cone side surface, the axis of which coincides with the axis of the rotary shaft. In this design of the propeller, the kinetic energy of the water flow created by the centrifugal impeller is used more efficiently and efficiency. of this propulsion design is higher than the efficiency. propeller. However, energy losses in the axial and radial directions with an accelerated water flow at the exit from the internal volume of the annular screen, as well as end losses, take place, which ultimately reduces the efficiency. propeller, the design of which is accepted as a prototype.

The purpose of the proposed design of the utility model is to create a more efficient and economical converter of the mechanical energy of the rotary working shaft into the kinetic energy of a floating craft with efficiency. higher than that of the mover adopted as a prototype.

This goal is achieved in the design of the propeller for a floating facility, including a rotary shaft with a centrifugal pump impeller fixed on it, as well as an annular screen made in the form of a truncated cone side surface, the axis of which coincides with the axis of the rotary shaft, in that the annular screen is made with a height truncated cone, exceeding the diameter of the larger base and with an angle between the generatrix of the lateral surface of the cone and its axis, not exceeding 15 degrees.

The proposed design of the utility model is illustrated by schematic drawings, where in Fig. 1 shows a general view of the propeller, and Fig. 2 shows section A-A of FIG. 1. The proposed mover consists of an annular screen 2 connected to the stern 1 of the vessel, made in the form of a lateral surface of a truncated cone, on the axis of which a centrifugal impeller 3 is mounted, mounted on a rotary shaft 4.

The proposed mover works as follows.

The rotation of the centrifugal impeller 3 creates a forced radial-concentric flow of water moving in a circle, which, interacting with the annular screen 2, creates an increased pressure on the inner surface of the annular screen 2 by centrifugal forces, exceeding the pressure on the outer side of the wall of the annular screen 2. This pressure difference creates on the surface of the conical wall of the annular screen 2 a force F (Fig. 2), the projection of which on an axis parallel to the axis of the screen 2, the impeller 3 and the axis of the rotary shaft 4 is transmitted to the stern 1 of the ship's hull and serves as the driving force Fdv (Fig. 2). The component of the force F, lying in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the annular screen Fok, due to the annular shape of the screen 2 has a vector of the opposite direction and is mutually compensated (destroyed). As a result, the resultant of all forces Fok is equal to 0. The rotation of the centrifugal impeller 3 creates a water flow that moves inside the conical wall of the annular screen 2 along a helical trajectory (Fig. 2), which increases the length of the trajectory and the contact time of the water flow with the wall of the screen 2, which gives a more complete transfer of the kinetic energy of the water flow to the annular screen 2, connected to the stern 1 of the ship's hull, and the ship's hull itself. As a result, the rotational movement of the water flow along the circumference created by the centrifugal impeller 3 (Fig. 1 and 2) allows the action of centrifugal forces to significantly increase the pressure on the surface of the conical wall of the annular screen 2 and, accordingly, the magnitude of the driving force Fdv (Fig. 2). The execution of the annular screen 2 propulsion in the form of a lateral surface of a truncated cone with a height exceeding the diameter of the larger base, allows you to eliminate the profile energy losses of each individual ring and the sum of these losses for the entire set of rings that occur in the design of the prototype. The implementation of the annular screen with an angle of 15 degrees between the generatrix of the side surface and the axis of the truncated cone allows you to minimize the energy loss to overcome the resistance of the shape of the annular screen 2 when the vessel is moving. According to (3), when the value of this angle changes from 15 to 30 degrees, the drag coefficient increases from 0.35 to 0.61. As a result, the efficiency the proposed mover exceeds the efficiency. propeller represented by the design of the prototype.

Literature

1. https://cyberpedia.su/12x42f5.html. efficiency propeller. The physical essence of losses during the operation of the propeller.

2. Kovalev I.S. Application for PM No. 2021126956 dated September 13, 2021, class IPC B63N 1/14. Propulsion vehicle.

3. Kutateladze Heat transfer and hydrodynamic resistance (Reference manual), M.: Energoatomizdat, 1990, p. 351.

Claims (1)

Propeller for a floating vehicle, including a rotary shaft with a centrifugal pump impeller fixed on it, as well as an annular screen made in the form of a lateral surface of a truncated cone, the axis of which coincides with the axis of the rotary shaft, characterized in that the annular screen is made with a truncated cone height exceeding the diameter of the larger base, and with the angle between the generatrix of the lateral surface of the cone and its axis not exceeding 15 degrees.

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