RU2120718C1 - Method for presowing treatment of mustard seeds - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture, in particular, crop pest control method. SUBSTANCE: method involves disinfecting mustard seeds with plant disinfectant, such as allyl mustard oil, in its gaseous medium with concentration of 25-30 g/cu.m of seed weight for two days. Method allows blue fleas to be destroyed without disturbing seed germination. EFFECT: increased efficiency in insect pest control without introducing additional contaminants into ready product obtained from mustard oil bearing seeds. 1 ex

Description

 The invention relates to agriculture, to methods of controlling pests of agricultural plants.

 One of the most critical periods for mustard crops is the early stage of plant development. At this time, they are most vulnerable to pest damage. The most dangerous pests for mustard crops during this period are cruciferous fleas, which can completely destroy crops.

 An effective way to protect plants from harmful insects is to seed before sowing.

 A known method of dressing mustard seeds before sowing an insecticide obtained chemically - furadan.

 Furadan, the active principle of which is the substance carbofuran, belongs to the class of chemical compounds known as N-methyl carbamates.

 Chemical name: 2,3-dihydro-2,2-dimethyl-7-benzofuranyl methyl carbamate.

Недостатком применяемого препарата является его токсичность. По степени воздействия на организм человека данный препарат относится к первому классу опасности по ГОСТ 12.1.007-76.Empirical formula: C ₁₂ H ₁₅ NO ₃
Structural formula:

The disadvantage of the drug used is its toxicity. By the degree of impact on the human body, this drug belongs to the first hazard class according to GOST 12.1.007-76.

 Studies have shown that furadan adversely affects the microflora of the soil / T. I. Gorbach et al. Influence of furadan on soil microflora. Plant protection. - 1992. - N 12, p. 16/.

 Since furadan is a systemic pesticide, it is possible that the hazardous substance will enter the fruiting parts of the plant, and then into the finished food product, which is obtained from mustard oil seeds.

 The purpose of the invention: the development of a method of presowing treatment of mustard seeds with a less toxic dressing agent of plant origin.

This goal is achieved by the fact that as a disinfectant use allyl mustard oil in its gaseous medium in an amount of 25-30 g / m ^{3 of} grain weight.

Ally mustard oil is obtained from oilcake, formed during the extraction of edible oil from mustard oil seeds and has the following chemical names:
allyl isothiocyanate, allyl ether of isothiocyanic acid.

Empirical formula: C ₄ H ₅ NS
Structural formula: CH ₂ = CH-CH ₂ N = C = S
By the degree of impact on the human body, allyl mustard oil belongs to the third hazard class according to GOST 12.1.007-76.

 Allyl mustard oil, by its physicochemical properties, is a volatile substance, / Brief chemical encyclopedia. M .: Chemistry, 1963, p. 178 / therefore, presowing treatment of mustard seeds is carried out in its gaseous medium (by fumigation).

Example
They take a box of a certain size, the bottom and its walls are covered with plastic wrap, a stand is placed over it, on which bags of grain are laid. Allyl mustard oil is poured into the box in an amount of 25-30 g / m ^{3 of the} grain mass, then tightness is created, i.e. they carefully cover everything with plastic wrap and stand for two days. After two days, the treated seeds are sown in the fields by known methods.

 Seed germination corresponds to GOST 9670-89.

As the results of the experiments showed, the use of just such an amount of / 25 - 30 g / m ^{3 of} grain weight / allyl mustard oil does not reduce seed germination and is sufficient to destroy cruciferous flea beetles, which are the main pests for mustard crops at an early stage of plant development. In addition, the ingress of allyl mustard oil into the fruiting parts of the plant does not introduce additional pollution into the finished product obtained from mustard oil seeds, since this preparation is a natural component of mustard oil seeds.

Claims (1)

The method of presowing treatment of mustard seeds, including seed dressing, characterized in that as a dressing agent use allyl mustard oil in its gaseous medium in an amount of 25-30 g / m ^{3 of} grain weight.