RU2119744C1 - Method and apparatus for in vitro plant propagation - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture. SUBSTANCE: method involves repositioning strip with vertical cells (cultural vessels) containing grown plants to horizontal position; removing covering from strip; cutting plants grown in cells into explants; transferring explants into cells of sterile strip movable in horizontal plane, with cells containing liquid nutrient medium; connecting covering to strip and moving it from horizontal to vertical position; planting plants grown in strip cells in substrate together with strip. Prior to planting, covering is partially removed from upper and lower cell chambers. Plants are cut in apparatus into explants, explants are transferred and planted into strip cells by means of set of curved knives with transfer legs made in the form of scissors. Length of knives and transfer legs to the center of pin on which they are mounted is equal to radius of arced lower side of cell. Knives rigidly connected with transfer legs and transfer legs without knives are arranged in alternation on common pin axially of cells. Apparatus allows 3,200 plants per hour to be automatically propagated. EFFECT: reduced labour intensity, increased adaptability of plants to ambient conditions. 14 cl, 18 dwg, 1 tbl

Description

 The invention relates to agriculture, and more specifically to the vegetative propagation of plants in tissue culture in vitro, for example, grapes, wormwood lemon, apple, cherry, potato, stevia, cloves, etc.

 The well-known "Container for micropropagation of plants" (A.S. N 1341114, USSR, A 01 G 31/02, 1987), in which plants are grown in vitro in cultured vessels - containers, consisting of a base in the form of a sheet with cells for placement in nutrient medium and explants separated by jumpers from one another. A coating is attached to the base. Supporting elements are attached to the inner surface of the cells to accommodate explants. Although the arrangement of containers involves automated spillage of the nutrient medium into their cells during the factory manufacture of containers, it does not provide for the automation of cutting explants grown in cells of cells, the capture and transplantation of explants into sterile cells filled with nutrient medium.

 A known method and device for vegetative propagation of plants (application N WO 91/15110, class A 01 H 4/00, 1991), in which a number of horizontal sections are made from the mass of plants grown on a jelly-like nutrient medium to obtain cuttings containing average at least one top or knot. Cuttings are transferred using an air stream or under the influence of their own gravity to a fresh nutrient medium, through which they are evenly dispersed. However, it takes a lot of time and manual labor to plant each propagated plant in vivo. There is no technical solution to automate the opening of culture vessels for cutting, the plants grown in them for explants and the closure of other culture vessels in which explants are planted.

 A known method and device for micropropagation (application N WO 91/03929, MKI A 01 H 4/00, 1991), in which plants are sequentially cut into explants with a laser beam along with the walls of the culture vessel (container). However, it takes a lot of time and manual labor to plant each propagated plant in vivo. There is no technological solution for automating the opening of culture vessels for cutting the plants grown in them into explants and closing other culture vessels in which explants are planted. The walls of the culture vessel cut off by a laser beam during cutting of plants into explants will prevent the closure of culture vessels and the growth of plants in them. The reliability of reproduction is not sufficient, since when the vessel is turned over during the cutting of plants into explants, a nutrient medium may fall out together with plants from this culture vessel. If the explants fall on a solid nutrient medium, some of them will have poor contact with this medium and in this connection, slow growth of plants or the death of explants is possible.

 A known method and device for aseptic growth of cells or tissues (application N EP 0412621, MKI A 01 H 4/00, 1991), especially suitable for the vegetative propagation of plants in vitro (prototype method). The prototype method provides a series of sequential steps in automatic mode in the device above the vessels in which plants are grown in vitro. The culture vessels are made in the form of a chain of interconnected individual, sterile capsules. Capsules are made in the form of bags of organic polymer with soft walls and one open side. A chain of interconnected individual sterile capsules is gradually unwound from a horizontal package and moved vertically along a group of stations: at the first station, the capsules (bags) are opened using vacuum suction cups acting on the walls of the capsules and filled with nutrient medium; at the second station, explants are planted in capsules; at the third station, capsules containing nutrient medium and explants are brewed to create sterility in them; at the fourth station, the capsules are moved to a horizontal position and stacked in a container. However, in the prototype, the cutting of plants into explants and the landing of explants into capsules is not automated. Using the prototype method does not allow to obtain complete plants capable of adapting to in vivo conditions, due to the lack of gas exchange between the gaseous medium inside the culture vessel (capsule) and the external gaseous medium. Therefore, additional transplantation of plants into culture vessels of a different type is required to obtain plants that are able to adapt to in vivo conditions. The prototype method allows plants to be propagated only at an intermediate stage, while most plants need to be propagated at the last stage, before being transplanted into the soil, in vivo. The prototype method does not make it possible to propagate plants in vitro in a closed cycle. It takes a lot of time and manual labor to plant propagated plants in the soil, in vivo.

 A known apparatus for cutting and moving plant tissue and the method of its application (application N WO 88/04520, MKI A 01 G 7/00, 1988) (prototype device). The device is intended for cutting plant stems into explants, capturing explants and planting them on a nutrient medium. The apparatus contains a knife in the form of a pipe with an annular cutting edge with the possibility of its rotation during the segment of the explant by pulling on the handle and rotating the handle, which is rigidly connected to the knife. A rod with a ring is mounted inside the handle and pipe of the knife with the possibility of translational movement of the rod inside the handle and the end of the rod with the ring inside the knife. A spring is installed in the handle, which pushes the rod with the ring out of the knife pipe. The pipe of the knife and the end of the rod with the ring form a recess. After the segments of the explant with the annular cutting edge of the knife, the explant enters the recess of the knife. The explant is planted on the surface of the nutrient medium by pressing the rod. In this case, the spring is compressed, the ring at the end of the rod pushes the explant out of the knife tube. The explant is pressed into a soft nutrient medium. For proper placement of the explant on the surface of the nutrient medium, a rod with a horizontal protrusion is used, with which the lower part of the explant is pressed into the nutrient medium, with the result that the explant occupies a vertical position. Thus, the prototype of the device contains two structural elements: the structural element is a knife that cuts the plants into explants, and the structural element is a transplant grab that captures the explants cut off from the plant and plants the explants on a nutrient medium.

 Since the prototype of the method uses a device that does not cut plants grown in culture vessels into explants and transplant explants into other culture vessels filled with a nutrient medium, we, as a prototype of a device for performing these operations, which are the main In the process of plant propagation in vitro, we chose an apparatus for cutting and moving plant tissue and the method of its application. The disadvantage of the prototype device is the need to cut from the explant plant and land the explant manually on an agarized nutrient medium (by pressing the handle and rotating it during the cut of the explant from escape, then pressing the rod during landing of the explant), which is time consuming and labor to cut and land each explant.

 The prototype device is not reliable enough, since not all explants will be cut off and captured by the notch of the knife the first time. It is possible for the explant to fall out of the recess of the knife when the explant is transferred to land on a nutrient medium, since the explant is not held in the knife tube (recess). The explant is a stalk of the stem, containing at least one leaf with a axillary kidney, the size may be larger than the annular edge of the knife, which makes it impossible to cut it from the stem. Explants are planted on an agar medium, which requires the expensive agar-agar material.

 The basis of the invention is the task of creating a method of propagation of plants in vitro, in which the device automatically performs a series of sequential actions: opening cultural vessels interconnected in the form of a tape, cutting the plants grown in them for explants, transferring these explants to other cultural vessels, with liquid nutrient medium previously poured into them in the device, after which the culture vessels are closed for further cultivation of plants in vitro from them, repeated milling planting the grown plants in the device or planting them together with the culture vessels in the soil, which ensures the acceleration of plant propagation in vitro, the mechanization of the propagation process performed by the device in a closed cycle, completely in automatic mode, thereby reducing the time, manual labor, electricity, necessary for plant propagation in vitro, the labor costs required for planting plants in the soil are reduced, the survival rate of plants when they are transplanted to in vivo conditions is increased, which therefore The application of this method in production is effective for the rapid propagation of healthy planting stock material of plants, new clones resistant to diseases of highly productive varieties.

 The problem is solved in that in the method of plant propagation in vitro, containing common features with the prototype, namely, the device performing a series of sequential actions in automatic mode on the culture vessels (capsules) in which plants are grown in vitro: gradual unwinding of a chain of interconnected individual sterile capsules from the packaging and moving them along a group of stations: at the first station, filling capsules with a nutrient medium; at the second station, planting explants in capsules; at the third station, brewing capsules containing nutrient medium and explants to create sterility in them; at the fourth station, placing the capsules in a container-like packaging, according to the invention, the unwinding of the tape by the stretching mechanism of the tape with vertically arranged culture vessels in which the plants were grown in vitro is introduced and due to the flexibility of moving it from a vertical to a horizontal position (in the prototype of the action on a chain connected between there are no capsules in which the plants grew); in the unit for removing the coating film, removing from the base of the tape a thermoactive coating film by heating it with a heated roller; in the node for cutting plants into explants and planting explants using a set of knives and transfer legs, cutting the plants for explants and planting explants in the culture vessels of another sterile tape moving in the horizontal plane (in the prototype this tape is present, but it is unwound from a horizontal package and transferred to a vertical position). Previously, before landing of explants into the culture vessels of this tape, a liquid nutrient medium is poured into them by the dispenser simultaneously with the feed of the tape. Liquid nutrient medium is poured into the lower and upper chambers, as well as on the bulge of the culture vessels, interconnected in the form of a tape, which accelerates the spill of the medium into the culture vessels; helps to keep the explants on their bulges due to wetting forces, until the coating film is attached to the base of the tape, to which the explant is pressed against the bulge; ensures the survival of the explant until the formation of roots, since when transferring the tape from horizontal to vertical position, the liquid flows from the upper to the lower chambers and wetts the leaves and stems of the explants in its path. In the case when a concentrated carbohydrate solution is poured onto the bulge in a nutrient medium containing the amount of carbohydrate based on the total volume of the medium poured into the culture vessel, and the medium without carbohydrate is poured into the upper chamber, the explant is better kept on the bulge due to the viscosity of the concentrated carbohydrate solution. A carbohydrate-free medium, after moving the tape from horizontal to vertical, flows from the upper to the lower chamber and at the same time flushes the concentrated carbohydrate solution from the bulge of the culture vessel. After planting plants in culture vessels connected together in the form of a tape, pathogenic microflora does not develop in the soil in vivo in the upper chamber, since there are no residues of the nutrient medium with carbohydrate on the walls of the upper chamber. In the site of attachment of the coating film after spilling the medium and landing the explants in the culture vessels, a thermoactive coating film is attached to the base of the tape by heating it to the required temperature with a heated roller (in the prototype the capsule is welded with a horizontal seam). The tape is transferred by a tape drive from horizontal to vertical and wound onto a roll on a tripod (in the prototype, on the contrary, the chain of capsules is transferred from vertical to horizontal and these capsules are folded into a container in the form of a horizontal package). The plants grown in the culture vessels of this tape are repeatedly propagated in the device, resulting in a closed cycle of automated propagation of plants in vitro. In the prototype, there are no automatic actions on the chain of culture vessels (capsules) and on the plants grown in them. Also, there are no operations for opening capsules, cutting plants grown in them into explants, and planting explants in other capsules filled with nutrient medium. Therefore, in the prototype method, an open breeding cycle. In the inventive method, before placing the tape in the soil for adaptation and further development of plants in the culture vessels of the tape in vivo, the coating film is removed from the upper and lower parts of the tape, which allows the shoot to grow above the tape and the roots to develop in the soil. Plants are held in culture vessels during planting in the soil with the remaining coating film in the middle of the tape. In the case of planting plants in the soil in the tape, the distance between the plants in the row is regulated by the width of the bridges between the culture vessels, and in the case of large distances between the plants in the row, cut the tape along the bridges and the plants are planted separately in the culture vessels. Through the grooves made on the basis of the tape, gas is exchanged between the air inside the culture vessels and the environment, and therefore plants are grown in the culture vessels that are adapted to lower humidity and more intensive processes of respiration and photosynthesis, which increases the survival rate of plants during transplantation in vivo conditions. By the prototype method, plants are grown that are unable to take root when they are transplanted into the substrate in vivo, since the plants in capsules are sealed and there is no exchange of the gas medium inside the capsules with the external environment. Therefore, additional transplantation of plants into culture vessels of a different type is required for growing plants capable of adapting to in vivo conditions.

 The basis of the invention is the task of creating a plant propagation device in vitro, in which there are a tape drive for transporting a tape with plants grown in its culture vessels; a knot for removing a coating film from a tape in the culture vessels of which the plants grew; a node for cutting the plants located in the culture vessels of this tape into explants and planting the explants in the culture vessels of another sterile tape; a dispenser for spilling a nutrient medium into its culture vessels; a unit for attaching a coating film to the base of this second tape after spilling the liquid medium and landing the explants in its culture vessels; a second tape drive mechanism for transporting in the device the first tape and winding it into a roll on a tripod; knot and transplant disinfection unit used for cutting plants into explants and planting them, which provides increased reliability, mechanization of the plant propagation process in vitro, carried out automatically at all stages, the use of a liquid nutrient medium for growing plants in culture vessels, due to which increases the rate of plant propagation in vitro, reduces the cost of manual labor, electricity, and the expensive substance agar-agar is excluded from the nutrient medium for plant growth.

 The problem is solved in that in an in vitro plant propagation device containing structural elements: a knife with the ability to cut individual explants from plants and transplant capture with the ability to capture explants cut off from plants and plant explants in culture vessels on a nutrient medium, according to the invention, two tape drives are introduced a mechanism consisting of electric toothed rollers and guide grooves, one of which unwinds a tape from a roll, in which cultural vessels grew wall, transports this tape in the device, transfers it from vertical to horizontal position; an assembly for removing a coating film from a tape, comprising a heated roller, by which, by heating to a certain temperature, a thermoactive coating film is removed from the base of the tape and the removed coating is wound onto an electric coil; a knot for cutting plant explants located in the culture vessels and explant landing, in which the structural elements - knives and transfer grips (transfer legs) are made in the form of scissors, are arranged in pairs in the mechanism and alternate when the plant is cut into explants from the lower chamber to the upper parts of the upper chamber of the culture vessel as follows: knives, transfer legs, transfer legs, knives, transfer legs, transfer legs. .., knives, transfer legs, transfer legs, which allows you to cut the plant into explants and capture explants simultaneously along the entire length of the stem of the plant. The prototype device allows you to cut off the stem of the plant and capture the explants separately, which takes more time. Knives and interchangeable legs of the claimed device are made in the form of scissors, have an arcuate shape, which eliminates the slipping of the stem from the knives and interchangeable legs during its cutting into explants and capture of explants. A straight line connecting the ends of the knives and transfer legs with the center of the axis on which they are placed is equal to the radius of the arc-shaped wall of the culture vessel. Therefore, when cutting the stem into explants and capturing the explants, the knives and transfer legs slide along the wall of the culture vessel with minimal clearance and ensure that the stem is cut into explants and capturing the explants even when the plant stem is near the wall of the culture vessel. Each knife is rigidly connected to the interlocking foot in such a way that it protrudes several millimeters forward and to the side, which, in turn, provides a reliable grip of explants immediately after cutting the stem into explants. The cut and capture of explants by the claimed device is more reliable than the prototype device, since the solid stems may not be completely cut by the prototype knife, made in the form of a pipe with an annular cutting edge, with the possibility of its rotation during the explant segment by pressing the handle and rotating the handle which is rigidly connected to the knife. The explants can fall out of the structural element of the prototype, capturing the explant, made in the form of a recess formed by the pipe of the knife and the end of the rod with the ring, into which the explant gets after it is cut by the annular cutting edge of the knife pipe. In the claimed device, transplant paws in the form of scissors capture each explant from two sides near the plant stem cuts made by knives, transfer it to another sterile tape moving in a horizontal plane and plant it on the bulge of its culture vessel. The device is equipped with a dispenser for spilling liquid nutrient medium, which previously, before disembarking the explants, pour the medium into the culture vessels of the second tape. The extensions of knives with interchangeable legs and interchangeable legs without knives above the axis on which they are mounted on the bushes with the possibility of rotation are made in the form of sides of a parallelogram (whose vertices lie in a plane perpendicular to the plane of the base of the tape), in the form of a hinge to the upper point of which or a contraction spring is attached to the continuation of the transfer legs, closing the knives with transfer legs and transfer legs without knives while cutting the stem of the plant into explants with knives and grabbing the elements with pkami. The device has at least three components of knives and transfer legs with the ability to simultaneously perform several different operations: cutting a plant into explants, planting explants on the bulge of the culture vessels of a sterile tape, disinfecting knives and transfer legs, which accelerates the reproduction of plants in the device. An alternative solution is to place the knives and interchangeable paws on the bushings not on the horizontal axis, but on the ring mount in the form of a polyhedron, the number of faces of which corresponds to the number of explants into which the plant stem is cut. But in this case, it will take more time to cut the plants into explants and to capture the explants, since each explant is cut with knives from the stem and captured individually by transfer legs. The advantage of the claimed device in comparison with the prototype is also provided by the use of a liquid medium for plant growth in cultured vessels in vitro that does not require expensive agar-agar material.

 The invention is illustrated by drawings. In FIG. 1 schematically shows a tape with culture vessels for growing plants in vitro, followed by their propagation in the device or planting of plants together with the culture vessels in the soil, in vivo; in FIG. 2 - a culture vessel of the tape; in FIG. 3 schematically shows an in vitro plant propagation device; in FIG. 4 - a heated roller for removing coating film from the base of the tape; in FIG. 5 shows schematically knives with interchangeable paws before cutting the plant with knives into explants and capture of explants with interchangeable paws; in FIG. 6 - transfer legs without knives before capturing the explant; in FIG. 7 - alternation of knives with interchangeable legs and interchangeable legs without knives on the same axis; in FIG. 8 - capture of the explant by transfer legs; in FIG. 9 - landing of the explant on the bulge of the culture vessel of the tape; in FIG. 10 - knives with interchangeable legs that did not capture the explant; in FIG. 11 - dispenser for spilling the nutrient medium into the culture vessel of the tape; in FIG. 12 - use in the device of three sets of knives and transplant legs performing different operations: cutting plants into explants, capturing explants, planting explants in culture vessels of a sterile tape, disinfecting knives and transplant legs in a microwave oven; in FIG. 13 - a tripod for growing plants in the culture vessels of the tape; in FIG. 14 - fixing the end of the tape located on a tripod; in FIG. 15 - bracket for fixing the end of the tape located on a tripod; in FIG. 16 - a rack with lighting, on the shelves of which are placed tripods with a tape and plants are grown from explants; in FIG. 17 - a corner on a shelf of a rack on which a tripod with a tape is supported; in FIG. 18 - the process of removing located on the same axis of the heated rollers of the part of the overlapping film from the tape before planting in vivo.

 To propagate the plants in the device, cultural vessels are used, interconnected in the form of a tape (Fig. 1, 2). The tape consists of a base 1 in the form of a sheet with stamped culture vessels 2 for placement of the culture medium and explants, separated from each other by jumpers 3. A coating film 4 from one sheet of a transparent thermoactive film is attached to the tape. Convex 5 is stamped on the tape in the culture vessel, on which the explant is fixed by pressing it to the convex 5 with a coating film 4. Convex 5 divides the culture vessel into two chambers unequal in volume: the lower 6 for placement of the liquid medium, root growth and the upper 7 for plant shoot growth. On the basis of 1 tape, grooves 8 are stamped, which provide gas exchange between the culture vessel and the external environment. At the base of the tape there are holes of perforations 9 for transporting the tape in the device. The in vitro plant propagation device (Fig. 3) is placed in two articulated laminar boxes 10 (dustproof chambers of the UO-BG type or similar laminar boxes) with an adjustable air flow rate, which ensures sterility of the in vitro plant propagation process. The device contains a roll of sterile tape 11, as well as a roll 12 of a sterile coating film 4, which is attached to the base 1 of the tape 11; a roll of tape 13, with grown plants intended for cutting into explants, from which a coating film 4 is removed and wound onto a reel 14 using an electric drive.

 The device has a knot for removing the coating film 4, in which there is a heated roller 15 with the possibility of heating by disconnecting the thermally active film of the coating 4 from the base 1 of the tape 13; a dispenser 16 with which sterile liquid culture medium is poured into the culture vessels of the sterile tape 11; a tank 17 in which a sterile liquid culture medium is located; a set of knives with transfer legs 18, the knives of which are cut into explants of plants grown in the culture vessels of the tape 13, and the transfer legs located in the same set 18, grab and plant explants in the culture vessels of the sterile tape 11; Microwave oven 19, with the ability to disinfect knives and transfer legs of kit 18; tape mechanisms, consisting of guide grooves and gear drums 20 with electric drives, which, by engaging the holes of the perforations 9, untwist the tape 13 from a roll, transfer it from a vertical to a horizontal position, transport the tape 13 in the device, untwist the tape 11 from the roll, transport it to device and transferred from horizontal to vertical position; a heated roller 21 with the possibility of heating by attaching to the base 1 of the tape 11 of the coating film 4, unwound from the coil 12; a roll 22, into which a tape 11 unwound from a roll 11 is wound, after pouring liquid medium into the culture vessels with a dispenser 16, landing explants in them with a set of 18 knives with transfer legs, attaching a coating film 4 to its base 1, transferring this tape from horizontal in vertical position; a roll 23, into which the tape 13 is wound after being transferred from vertical to horizontal, removing 1 coating film 4 from its base, cutting into explants of plants grown in its culture vessels with a set of 18 knives and transfer legs. On the heated rollers 15 and 21 there are (Fig. 4) recesses 24, corresponding to the shape of the culture vessels, due to which the plants do not overheat when removing the coating film 4 from the base 1 of the tape 13 and attaching the coating film 4 to the base 1 of the tape 11. Also on heated rollers have recesses 25, providing contact of the grooves with the external environment. The device is installed (Fig. 3) a node for cutting plants into explants and planting explants, which consists of sets of 18 knives and transfer legs; a tape drive (belt or chain drive) on which these sets are mounted, driven by an electric motor, three coils of solenoids, the cores of which provide: 1) cutting knives of plants into explants and their capture by transfer legs, 2) planting explants, 3) disinfection of knives and transplant paws. The set 18 (Fig. 3) contains (Fig. 5) arched knives 26 made in the form of scissors, rigidly connected to the interchangeable legs 27, and (Fig. 6) also arched interchangeable legs 27 made in the form of scissors without knives. Knives 26 with transfer legs 27 (FIG. 5) and transfer legs 27 without knives (FIG. 6) are located on bushes on the same axis 28. A straight line connecting the end of the knives 26 with the center of the axis 28 or the end of the transfer legs 27 with the center of the axis 28 is equal to the radius of the arc-shaped inner surface of the wall of the culture vessel 2 with the possibility of sliding with a minimum clearance of the ends of the foot 26 and the ends of the transfer legs 27 on the inner surface of the wall of the culture vessel 2 during the cutting of plants with knives 26 for explants and capture of explants by transplant apkami 27. Knives 26 are rigidly connected to interchange tabs 27. Blades 26 (Fig. 5) protrude forward (FIG. 7) away from the interchange tabs 27 a few millimeters. Included are the transfer legs with knives (FIG. 5) and the transfer legs without knives (FIG. 6) alternate along axis 28, on which they are mounted on the bushings, as shown in FIG. 7. Knives 26 with transfer legs 27 and transfer legs 27 without knives arranged in pairs alternate at the moment of cutting the plant into explants from the lower chamber, where part of the root system is cut, to the upper part of the upper chamber, where the top of the plant is cut and grabbed as follows: knives with transfer legs, transfer legs with knives, transfer legs without knives, transfer legs without knives, knives with transfer legs, etc., ..., transfer legs with knives, transfer legs without knives, transfer legs without knives , depending on the number of explants into which the plant is cut. The continuation (Fig. 8) of each knife with a transfer foot 27 or a transfer foot without a knife above the sleeve located on axis 28 is one of the sides 29 of the parallelogram in the form of a hinge with movable axes 28, 30, 31, 32. The vertices of the parallelogram are in the plane perpendicular to the plane of the base of the tape. A clamping spring 33 is attached to the axes 30, 31, which closes the knives 26 with the transfer legs 27 or the transfer legs 27 without knives, which allows the knives to cut the plant stem into explants and capture each explant on both sides with the transfer legs 27 (Fig. 7). The device has (Fig. 8, 9, 10) a contact 34 for controlling the feed drive of the tape 11, which is closed by transfer legs if there is an explant in it, and a contact 35 to stop the feed of the tape, which simultaneously sends a signal to the solenoid, the core 36 of which moves apart transfer legs, resulting in the landing of the explant on the bulge 5 of the culture vessel of the tape 11. In the device is (Fig. 11) dispenser 37, which is poured liquid nutrient medium into the lower chamber 6, on the bulge 5 and in the upper chamber 7 of the culture vessel. In the node for cutting plants into explants and explant transplants (Fig. 12), at least three sets of 18 knives with transfer legs and transfer legs without knives were installed, with knives 26 of which they cut plants into explants, and the transfer legs 27 capture and plant explants on the bulges 5 culture vessels 2 of the sterile tape 11, and also disinfect the knives 26 and transfer legs 27 by sterilizing them in a microwave oven 19 having a cover 38. The device has (Fig. 3) a unit for attaching a coating film 4 to the base 1 of the tape 11, consisting of a heated roller 21, by which, by heating the thermoactive coating film 4 to a certain temperature, a coating film 4 is connected to the base 1 of the tape 11, into culture vessels 2 which were filled with a dispenser 16, a nutrient medium and planted explants with a set of 18. This assembly has a coil 12 with a film 4. Coating film 4 is gradually unwound from the coil 12 and attached by a heated roller 21 to the base 1 of the tape 11. Consisting of gear rollers 20 with electric drives and guide grooves, the tape drive mechanism wears a flexible tape 11 with liquid medium poured into its culture vessels with explants planted on the bulge and attached to its base 1 coating film 4 from horizontal to vertical position and winds this tape into a roll 22 on a tripod 39 (Fig. 13). The tape is wound onto the square axis 40 of this tripod by fixing its end in the hole 41. After the tape has been unwound on a tripod, its end (Fig. 14, 15) is fixed with a bracket 42. Through the sides of the bracket 42, through slots are made, into which the jumpers of the last two turns of tape in a roll 22.

 The plant propagation device in vitro works as follows (Fig. 3). Before breeding plants include laminar boxes for 15-20 minutes before turning on the device. A cellophane film is removed from the roll of the tape, which protects the tape from dust and microorganisms getting on it during the growing of plants in its culture vessels in the light room for one to two months. A tripod with this roll of tape 13 is inserted on an axis in the device. The tape 13, in the culture vessels 2 of which there are plants intended for cutting into explants, is unwound from a roll 13 and inserted into the guide grooves of the tape drive until it is gripped by gear rollers 20 through the holes of the perforations 9. Further, the tape is transported in the device by a tape drive with an electric drive . This mechanism translates the tape 13 from vertical to horizontal by moving it along the guide grooves. From the base of the tape 13 remove the thermoactive film of the coating 4, heated to the required temperature by the heated roller 15. The coating film is fixed on the coil 14 and wound it on this coil 14 due to the action of the drive, which ensures rotation of the coil 14 from the electric motor. The node cutting plants for explants and transplant explants performs these operations in the device as follows. The tape 13 moving in the device acts on the sensor, which closes the electrical contacts of the solenoid coil, as a result of which the core of the solenoid moves a set of 18 knives and transfer legs to the culture vessel (Fig. 5, 6, 7). With further movement, the core of this solenoid acts on the ratchet, which prevented the closing of the transfer legs 27, rigidly connected to the knives 26, and the transfer legs 27 without knives. As a result, under the influence of a tightening spring 33, the knives 26 cut the stem of the plant into explants, and the transfer legs 27 immediately capture the explants. Under the action of the return springs, a set of 18 knives and transfer legs rises above the culture vessel. The core of the solenoid also rises up under the action of its return spring. Under the influence of an electric motor (Fig. 3), a set of 18 knives with interchangeable legs, mounted on a chain, moves along the guide rail and stops above the culture vessel of another sterile tape 11 with liquid dispensing medium pre-poured into its culture vessels by dispenser 16. Dispenser 16 simultaneously pours liquid medium into the lower chamber 6, to the bulge 5 of the culture vessel and into the upper chamber 7. If (Fig. 8) there is an explant in the transplant legs 27, the arched transplant legs 27 in the form of scissors do not close to ca (not extend behind each other), as between the two transportation tabs 27 located explant. In this case, the extensions 29 of the transfer legs 27 act on the sensor 34, which gives an electrical signal for shifting the tape 11 to one culture vessel. In turn, the shifted culture vessel acts on the sensor 35, which gives an electrical signal to the movement of the core 36 of the solenoid, which (Fig. 9) by pressing on the axis 32 of two adjacent hinges, the sides of which are extensions of 29 transfer legs 27, holding one on both sides the explant opens these two pairs of transfer legs 27. The explant is released from holding the transfer legs 27 and falls under the influence of gravity to the bulge 5 of the culture vessel of the tape 11. After that, the core 36 of the solenoid rises in x under the action of the spring return solenoid core. When moving upward, the core of the solenoid acts on a sensor that sends a signal to shear a set of 18 knives with transfer legs and the next two pairs of transfer legs 27, holding one explant from both sides, stop above the bulge 5 of the culture vessel 2. The process of planting the explant with transfer legs 27 repeated again. After landing of all the explants that were in the transfer legs of set 18, the solenoid core 36 moving upward, located above the tape 11 where the explants are planted, acts on a sensor that signals the shift of this set 18 to the microwave oven 19, as well as the movement of another set to tape 11, the transfer legs 27 of which carrying the explant are located above the bulge 5 of the culture vessel 2. The process of planting the explants with the transfer legs 27 of another set 18 is repeated in the same way. In the case (Fig. 10), if the transfer legs 27 do not capture the explant, then they go without an obstacle behind each other, as a result of which a signal is not generated at pin 34, to shift the tape 11, which, in turn, does not lead to a feed the signal from the sensor 35 to the movement of the core 36 of the solenoid. The shift of the culture vessel with the poured medium occurs only if there is an explant in the transfer legs 27 located above the bulge 5 of the tape 11. After landing the explants (Fig. 12), a set of 18 knives and transfer legs fixed on a chain is shifted along the guide rail to the microwave oven 19, where this kit 18 acts on a sensor that supplies an electrical signal to the solenoid located above the microwave oven 19, the core of which by pressing on the axis 32 of all the hinges of the transfer legs 27 included in the set 18, moves these legs down and engages presses them through the slots in the microwave oven 19 into this oven, where they are disinfected for two to three seconds (the time required to land the explants moving to this kit, the next kit 18). With further pressure on the axis 32 of the set 18, the core of the solenoid opens the transfer legs 27 with knives 26 and the transfer legs 27 without knives until they are locked in the open position with ratchet. After disinfection of the transfer legs 27 with knives 26 and transfer legs 27 without knives, the core of the solenoid moves upward by the return spring, the transfer legs 27 with knives 26 and transfer legs 27 without knives in the kit return spring are pulled up from the microwave oven 19 and this set 18 with open transfer legs 27 with knives 26 and with open transfer legs 27 without knives moves along the guide rail under the action of an electric motor to the tape 13 for cutting plants present in its culture vessels, on ksplanty capture and explants. The process of cutting plants into explants and planting explants is repeated again. In the device, several sets of 18 knives and transfer legs are used simultaneously (Fig. 12): one set cuts the plant into explants, the other plantes the explants on the bulges of the sterile tape, and the third is disinfected. Each set of 18 knives and transfer legs is located on a straight axis 28 or is made on a ring mount in the form of a polyhedron, the number of faces of which corresponds to the number of explants into which the plant stem is cut, with the possibility of rotation of the polyhedron during cutting plants into explants, planting explants and disinfection of knives and transplant paws. The node attaching the thermoactive film of the coating 4 to the base 1 of the tape 11 operates as follows (Fig. 3). The heated roller 21 is heated to the required temperature by a heating coil mounted in it under the influence of an electric current. The thermoactive film of coating 4 is unwound on coils 12 and tucked under a heated roller 21, which, by heating the thermo-active film of coating 4 to the required temperature, attaches it to the base 1 of the tape 11. The electric motor 21 rotates the heated roller. The heated roller 21 unwinds the coating film 4 from the coil 12. In addition to the thermosetting coating film, you can use a conventional transparent film and attach it to the tape base by pre-applying the thermoactive adhesive to the side in contact with the tape base, or use a film like adhesive tape, provided that the adhesive It will not be soluble in a liquid nutrient medium and will not be harmful to plant growth. The tape drive mechanism transfers the tape 11 from horizontal to vertical by transporting it along the guide grooves, wraps this tape into a roll 22 on a tripod connected to the drive from the electric motor through a rotating axis on which this tripod is mounted. The tape, unwound from a roll 13, in which plants are cut into explants, is wound into a roll 23 onto a coil mounted on an axis and connected to the drive of its rotation from an electric motor. This tape in a roll 23 is remelted and reused plastic to make a sterile tape.

 The method of propagation of plants in vitro is as follows. From plants, meristems, buds are isolated and planted on a nutrient medium in glass tubes, flasks or other culture vessels for plant development. At the first stage, plants with shoots are obtained by the usual manual method of propagation. The shoots are grafted onto explants and manually placed on the bulge 5 of the culture vessels of the sterile tape 11 with the dispenser 16 poured into the culture vessels 2. The step-by-step shift of the tape 11 to one cell for explant landing is carried out by an electric drive, semi-automatically, by closing the electrical contacts with a foot pedal switch.

 In the device (Fig. 3) in the attachment point of the coating film 4, either a thermoactive film, or a conventional transparent film with a thermoactive adhesive applied to it, or a film of the type of adhesive tape are attached to the base 1 of the tape 11. In the case of using a thermoactive film of coating 4, it is unwound from a coil 12 and tucked under a heated roller 21, with its rotation drive from an electric motor. By a tape drive mechanism with an electric drive, untwist the tape from the roll 11 by engagement with gear rollers 20 over the holes of the perforations 9 and transport it in the device along the guide grooves. After dispensing the dispenser 16 into the culture vessels 2 of the liquid medium, disembarking the explants on the bulge 5 and attaching the coating film to the tape 11, the tape 11 is moved from horizontal to vertical and wound onto a roll 22 on a tripod 39, rotating on an axis, with a rotation drive from an electric motor. At the second stage, one to two months after the development of plants from the plant explants in the light room for the entire length of the culture vessel (8 to 20 leaves grow, depending on the type of plant), a roll of tape 13 with plants grown in the culture vessels is inserted into the device. Further, the plants are propagated in vitro by the claimed device in a fully automatic mode. A tape drive unwind the tape from the roll 13, transported in the device along the guide grooves, hooking it to the holes of the perforations 9 with gear rollers 20, with the drive of their rotation from the electric motor. In this case, by means of the guide grooves, the tape 13 is moved from vertical to horizontal. In the node for removing the coating film 4, a thermoactive coating film 4 is removed from the base 1 of the tape 13 by heating the film to the required temperature with a heated roller 15 with its rotation drive from an electric motor. The coating film 4, removed from the tape 13, is fixed and reeled up on a reel 14 with its rotation drive from an electric motor. The main structural element of the node for cutting plants into explants and explant transplants (Fig. 5-12) is a set of 18 knives 26 and transfer legs 27. Knives 26 cut the stem of a plant located in a horizontal position in the culture vessel 2 of the tape 13, explants are captured by the explants interchangeable legs 27, transfer them to another tape 11 and planted on the bulge 5 of the culture vessels 2 of this tape 11. These operations are fully automated. The device and operation of the plant cutting unit in the culture vessels 2 of the tape 13 on the explants and their planting in the culture vessels 2 of another sterile tape 11 are described above and are schematically shown in FIG. 5-12. Knives and transfer legs (Fig. 12) after each cuttings and planting of explants in order to avoid infection if the infected plant is dissected, are sterilized in the microwave oven 19. In the microwave oven there are slots into which the knives 26 are immersed, the transfer legs 27 and axis 28 on which they are located. When the knives and transfer legs are not sterilized, the slots are closed by the shutter 38. To change the size of the explant, depending on the distance between the leaves of the propagated plant species, change the distance (Fig. 7) between the knives 26 with transfer legs 27 and the transfer legs 27 without knives by shear with fixation along the axis 28 on which they are placed. Plants of different species are cut into explants of different lengths so that each explant has at least one leaf, axillary or axillary bud. Some explants may have 2, 3 or more leaves with buds. So, for example, in grapes, the explant length can be 2.5 - 3 cm, and in wormwood lemon 1.5 - 2 cm.

 Before disembarking the explants, liquid nutrient medium is preliminarily poured into the culture vessels 2 of the sterile tape 11 (Fig. 11) with the dispenser 37. The medium is poured into the lower chamber 6, into the upper chamber 7 and onto the bulge 5 of the culture vessel 2 at the same time. In the event of a spill of the nutrient medium on the bulge 5, the explant adheres to the bulge during landing due to the wetting effect. For better fixation of the explant on the bulge 5 (the explant falls on the bulge 5 after squeezing the transfer legs 27), a concentrated carbohydrate solution is poured onto it based on the entire volume of medium poured into the culture vessel. The explant adheres to the bulge due to the viscosity of a concentrated carbohydrate solution, such as sucrose. Carbon-free medium is poured into the upper chamber 7. After attaching (Fig. 3) to the tape 11 of the coating film 4, transferring this tape from horizontal to vertical and reeling it into a roll 22, sucrose-free medium poured into the upper chamber 7 flows into the lower chamber 6 and flushes the concentrated carbohydrate solution from the bulge 5, the planted explant is wetted over its entire surface, which leads to the development of roots to a length sufficient for them to contact the medium in the lower chamber 6. Due to this, pathogenic microflora also do not develop in the upper chamber 7 of the culture vessel (which determined by the absence of sucrose in the medium on the walls of the upper chamber 7) after the planting of the plant tape in the culture vessels together with the tape for adaptation to in vivo conditions. At the second stage of propagation, the thermoactive coating film 4 (Fig. 3) is attached to the base 1 of the tape 11, in the culture vessels of which a nutrient medium has already been poured and explants have been planted, which is done in the same way as in the first stage. For this, the coating film 4 is unwound from the coil 12 and tucked under a heated roller 21 with a drive of its rotation from the electric motor. On the heated rollers 15 and 21 (Fig. 4), for detaching and attaching the coating film 4, respectively, recesses 24 are made in the form of culture vessels 2, so that plants in the culture vessels of the tape 13, as well as explants planted in culture vessels of the tape 11. On the heated rollers 15 and 21 there are also recesses 25, which leads to a partial non-attachment of the coating film 4 to the base 1 of the tape, as a result of which the grooves are in contact with the external environment of the tape, wound thrown into a roll 22 on a tripod 39. If the movement of the tapes 13 and 11 stops for a longer time, for example, more than 5 s, these heated rollers 15 and 21 automatically rise above the tapes 13 and 11, which eliminates overheating of plants in the culture vessels of the 2 tapes 13 and overheating of the landed explants located on the bulges 5 in the culture vessels 2 of the tape 11. The tape-drawing mechanism of the tape 11 is moved from horizontal to vertical and wound into a roll 22 on a tripod 39. A previously empty tripod 39 is put on the axis with its rotation drive from the electric Torah. On a tripod 39 there is (Fig. 13) a square axis 40 to give the roll 22 a square shape. At the beginning of winding the tape into the roll 22, the culture vessel of the tape is inserted into the hole 41 on the axis 40. After the winding of the tape into the roll (Fig. 14, 15), the end of the tape is fixed with a bracket 42 by engaging the jumpers of two turns of the tape (Fig. 15). In order to avoid infection and dust, the tripod with tape 22 is wrapped with a sheet of thin cellophane film that passes oxygen, carbon dioxide, water vapor and provides exchange of the gas medium inside the culture vessels with the external medium through grooves 8. The tape in the tripods is put on the rack (Fig. 16). On the shelves 43 tripods support at the corners 44 (Fig. 17). Luminescent lamps 45 are placed above each shelf 43 (Fig. 16). After loading the rack with tripods, it is transported on wheels 46 to the light room, where plants grow and develop in the culture vessels of the tape. After the development of plants for the entire length of the culture vessel (8 to 20 leaves with axillary buds, depending on the type of plant), the rack is transported on wheels 46 to an in vitro plant propagation device. The tripods are removed from the shelves 43. The cellophane film is removed from the tripods and placed in the device (Fig. 3). Plants intended for propagation (cutting into explants) are located in the culture vessels of the tape in roll 13. The cycle of automated propagation is repeated. After propagating a sufficient number of plants in vitro, the plants grown in the culture vessels of the tapes are planted together with the tape in a substrate for adaptation to in vivo conditions. Before planting the plants for adaptation in vivo, a tripod with plants grown in the culture vessels of the tape of the tape (Fig. 3) is inserted into the machine in place of the tape roll 13. Replace the heated roller 15 (Fig. 18) with two heated rollers located on the same axis: a heated roller 48 for removing the coating film 49 from the tape in the upper part of the upper chamber 7; and a heated roller 50 for removing the coating film 51 from the bulge 5 and from the lower chamber 6 of the culture vessel. With partial removal of the coating film, not all mechanisms work in the device, but only the tape drive 20, heated rollers 48, 50 and reel 14, reeling off parts 49 and 51 of the coating film that are disconnected from the base. The tape with the plants intended for planting in the soil is wound into a roll 23. The remaining part of the coating film 52 remaining on the base of the tape is held by the plants in the culture vessels of the tape. Partial removal of the coating films 49 and 51 provides subsequently after planting the tape with the plants in the substrate, in vivo shoot growth above the culture vessel and root development in the substrate. Plants with a ribbon are planted to adapt to in vivo conditions so that the lower chamber 6, the bulge 5 and the lower part of the upper chamber 7 are in the substrate, and the middle and upper parts of the upper chamber 7 are on the surface. The tape is shaded from direct sunlight on the plants for the first 20 to 30 days after planting in the substrate for adaptation. The distance between the plants in the row is regulated by the width of the jumpers 3 (Fig. 1, 2) in the manufacture of the tape. If necessary, large distances between plants in a row make cuts of the tape at the jumpers 3 and planted in culture vessels with plants in the soil separately. When plants, for example, grapes are planted in the culture vessels of the tape, adapt to in vivo conditions in late April - early June, by the end of the growing season, seedlings grow with mature vine over 50 cm long. The seedlings are suitable for planting in a permanent place in the field.

 The table shows the technical and economic indicators of the group of inventions: method and device, and their effectiveness compared to prototypes. The propagation time in the device is determined by the speed of filling the culture vessel with the necessary volume of medium and the attachment (Fig. 3) of the coating film 12 to the base 1 of the tape 11. Each of these operations, which are performed simultaneously, requires no more than 1 s. Theoretically, 3600 plants can be propagated per hour. But since it will take time to replace the tape 13 with plants intended for cutting into explants, the sterile tape 11, as well as the coating films on the coils 12 and 14, we present in the table a lower rate of propagation by the claimed method and device — 3200 plants per hour . Since in the prototype of the method the cutting of plants into explants and planting of explants into culture vessels with a nutrient medium already poured into them is not automated, about 500 plants can be propagated per hour using the prototype method. The proposed method and device will be propagated per hour by 2700 plants more than the prototype method (6.4 times faster). It follows that for propagation by the claimed method and device of one million plants, 39 people / shifts will be required, and for propagation by the prototype method 250 people / shifts, which is 211 more people / shifts. Labor productivity during propagation of plants by the claimed method and device is 6.4 times higher than reproduction by the prototype method.

 Plants propagated in vitro by the proposed method grow faster compared to plants propagated by the prototype method due to the normal processes of photosynthesis and respiration. With the normal process of photosynthesis and respiration, plants grow in vitro from planted explants in a shorter time, which makes it possible to save the electricity needed to grow plants in a light room (maintaining the right temperature, lighting, humidity).

 One person can plant at least 1000 plants in the culture vessels of the tape (plants are planted in the substrate with the tape) in one hour in vivo in one hour, and in the case of the prototype, when each plant is planted individually, 100 plants. Therefore, for the planting of 1.000.000 plants propagated by the proposed method, it will require 1125 people / shifts less than the prototype (labor productivity is 10 times higher). Plants propagated by the proposed method, partially adapt to lower humidity (Fig. 1, 2) due to air exchange of the upper chamber 7 of the culture vessel 2 with the external environment through grooves 8. In the prototype method, there is no gas exchange between the air inside the culture vessels (capsules) and external medium, there are no conditions for the usually proceeding process of photosynthesis. In addition (Fig. 18), after partially removing the coating film 49 from the upper chamber (part of the coating film 52 remains attached to the base of the tape) and planting the plants together with the culture vessels in the substrate, the plants continue to gradually adapt to lower humidity in vivo . The table shows the survival of grape plants adapted in culture vessels to lower humidity and to the normal process of photosynthesis, which were propagated by the proposed method (survival rate of 4 grape varieties 90-96%), as well as the prototype method, planted in vivo without preliminary adaptation in culture vessels (survival rate of 4 grape varieties 79-83%). In both the first and second variants, the first 14 days after planting under in vivo conditions for plants created increased humidity by covering them with a plastic film. The cost of electricity during the propagation of plants in vitro by the proposed method will be 1 kW / h more during the hour of operation compared to the prototype, but since the rate of reproduction by the proposed method is higher, 3062 kW / h less electricity will be required to reproduce 1 million plants by our method (4.3 times less electricity is needed) than when propagated by the prototype method.

 Reproduction of plants in vitro by the claimed method in comparison with the method of the prototype will be 6.4 times faster. Labor productivity is 6.4 times higher, and when planting plants to adapt to in vivo conditions, 10 times higher. The survival rate of grape plants upon adaptation to in vivo conditions is 11-14% higher. Electricity costs are 4.3 times less.

 The inventive plant propagation device in vitro, including a set of knives and transfer legs, cutting plants into explants, capturing and planting explants, in contrast to the prototype device does not require manual labor to perform these operations. The prototype device can be cut and landed on Wednesday about 300 explants per hour. The inventive device will be landed on 2900 more explants (10.7 times more). When using the prototype device, the labor costs for propagating one million plants, taking into account the opening of the culture vessels, the spill of the agar medium in them, and the closure of the culture vessels will be 406 people / shifts more (11.4 times more). In addition, despite the fact that for the propagation of plants by the device of the prototype for the operation of the laminar box requires less electricity - 0.5 kW / h - compared with reproduction in the inventive device 4 kW / h, due to the higher productivity of the inventive device for propagation 1 million plants in it will require less than 312 kW / h of electricity. Propagation of plants by the device of the prototype is carried out by planting explants on an agar medium, and the inventive device explants are planted in the culture vessels of the tape with a liquid medium. To propagate 1 million plants using the prototype device, 21 kg of agar agar is required (if 3 ml of agar medium is used to grow one plant) worth $ 788 (SIGMA agar agar) (table), and reproduction by the inventive device does not require an expensive substance agar-agar, and therefore is more effective.

 Thus, the use of the group of inventions "Method and device for propagation of plants in vitro" in all respects provides an advantageous result in comparison with the prototype of the method and device.

Biographical Information
1. A. S. 1341114 USSR, MKI ³ B 65 D 85/52, A 01 G 31/02. The container for micropropagation of plants. Ukrainian Design Institute of Local Industry / Tanklevsky M.M., Golodriga P.Ya., Zlenko V.A., Tanklevsky A.M. - N 3912544 / 30-13; claimed 04/08/85; published by B.I. N 36.30.09.87. - 3 p.

 2. International application WO 88/04520, MKI A 01 G 7/00. Apparatus for and methods of cutting and / of moving plant tissue. Applicant: Brown, Frank Raymond (GB), Priority N 86 30610 of 12/22/1986 (GB). Published 06/30/1988.

 3. Application EPO EP 0412621, MKI A 01 H 4/00. A method and device for aseptically propagating cells or tissues. Applicant: Van Oweren, Jacodus Johannea, BE. Priority N 8902032 from 08/08/1989, NL. Posted on 02/13/1991.

 4. International application WO 91/03929, MKI A 01 H 4/00. Method and apparatus for use in micropropagation. Applicant: Brown F.R. (GB), Billington W. P. (GB). Priority N 8921403.5 dated 09/21/1989, (GB). Published 04.04.1991.

 5. International application WO 91/15110, MKI A 01 H 4/00. Method and apparatus relating to micropropagation. Applicant: Allard G.M. (GB), Blake J. (GB), Griffin D. P. (GB), Hutchinson M. (GB). Priority N 9007685.2 dated 04/05/1990, GB. Published on October 17, 1991.

Claims (14)

 1. The method of propagation of plants in vitro, including unwinding a chain of series-connected culture vessels, filling the culture vessels with a nutrient medium, planting explants in the culture vessels, brewing the culture vessels and placing brewed culture vessels in a container in which the plant grows from explants, characterized in that the cultivation of plants is carried out in vertically arranged culture vessels, interconnected in the form of a tape attached to its base film coating, the tape with the grown plants is unwound with simultaneous translation into a horizontal position, the coating film is removed from the tape, the grown plants are cut into explants, the obtained explants are transferred to culture vessels previously filled with liquid nutrient medium and located on the second tape, sealed culture vessels by attaching a coating film to the base of the tape and wind the second tape into a vertically mounted roll.  2. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that the culture vessels contain the upper and lower chambers, separated by a bulge, and the nutrient medium is poured into the upper and lower chambers and also on the bulge.  3. The method according to p. 2, characterized in that a concentrated carbohydrate solution in a liquid nutrient medium is poured onto the bulge based on the entire volume of the medium being poured, and a liquid medium without carbohydrate is poured into the upper chamber.  4. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that the plants grown in a roll in the culture vessels are planted in the soil.  5. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that the plants grown in a roll are repeatedly propagated.  6. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that before planting in the soil from the culture vessels partially remove the coating film.  6. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that the distance between the plants in the row is governed by the width of the bridges between the culture vessels.  8. The method according to p. 7, characterized in that when planting in the soil of plants along with the culture vessels, the tape is cut into bridges.  9. An in vitro plant propagation device, comprising a knife and a transfer element, characterized in that it further comprises a first tape drive for a tape with culture vessels, in which plants are located, consisting of electric toothed rollers and guide grooves, a film removal unit for coating the base of the tape, consisting of a heated roller and a coil with an electric drive, a node for cutting plants and transplanting explants, consisting of arched knives made in the form of scissors, rigidly connected to with attachment legs, and transfer legs without knives, alternating from the bottom of the culture vessel, the number of pairs of knives with transfer legs and transfer legs without knives depending on the number of explants obtained, the second tape drive for a tape with culture vessels for planted explants, consisting of gear rollers with an electric drive and guide grooves, a unit for attaching a coating film to the base of the tape, consisting of a heated roller, a coil with a coating film, the first tape drive mechanism configured to transfer the tape from the vertical to horizontal position, and the second - from horizontal to vertical position.  10. The device according to p. 9, characterized in that the knives and interchangeable legs are placed on the same axis in a set and have such a length that a straight line containing the ends of the knives and interchangeable legs with the center of the axis on which they are placed is equal to the radius of the knife arc or transplant paw.  11. The device according to p. 9 or 10, characterized in that the knife is rigidly connected to the interchangeable foot with an offset forward and to the side of the interchangeable foot.  12. The device according to any one of paragraphs. 9 - 11, characterized in that the continuation of the knives and transfer legs above the axis of attachment are the sides of the hinged parallelogram, the vertices of which lie in a plane perpendicular to the plane of the base of the tape and pulled together by a spring.  13. The device according to p. 9, characterized in that it contains at least three components of knives and transfer legs with the ability to simultaneously cut the plant into explants, planting, explants, disinfection of knives and transfer legs.  14. The device according to p. 9 or 13, characterized in that each set of knives and interchangeable legs is mounted on a mount in the form of a polyhedron, the number of faces of which corresponds to the number of explants into which the plant stem is divided, and the polyhedron is rotatable.

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