RU2112266C1 - Method of spectral and zone photographing and device for its realization - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: photographic technique. SUBSTANCE: photographic film with frame overlapping factor not less than (n-1)/n is exposed through light filters having transmission in different spectral zones installed one after another in front of focal plane of photographic camera. Light filters are mounted one after another in direction of motion of image of flight of carrier and their summary area is equal to area of frame window. As result section of terrain that was exposed in first frame through first light filter is exposed through second light filter in second frame and so on. Thus series of photographs of terrain in spectral ranges corresponding to transmission of light filters will be obtained. EFFECT: diminished photographing cycle. 2 cl, 2 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to photography and can be used for photographing the earth's surface.

 A known method of spectrozonal photographing, which consists in photographing with aerial cameras, the number of which is equal to the number of spectral zones of photographing [1].

 This method of spectrozonal photographing can be carried out with a MKF-6 frame camera [1].

 The closest in technical essence to the present invention is a method of spectrozonal photographing, which consists in exposing one photographic film with one lens sequentially of each frame through different filters, the number of which is equal to the number of spectral zones of photographing [2]. A device for performing spectrozonal photographing by this method comprises a lens, a shutter in the form of a drum with an exposing slit, filters, a film-tightening mechanism and a pressure table in the form of a movable carriage placed inside the shutter drum, and kinematically connected with the shutter via the Maltese cross intermittent movement mechanism.

 With this method of sequential photographing through various filters, a quick change of filters is necessary, which limits the functionality and determines the complexity of the design of the camera and low reliability.

 The basis of the invention is the task of creating a method of spectrozonal photographing with a wide range of focal lengths, photographing heights and carrier speeds, as well as creating a spectrozonal apparatus with one film-stretched path and fixed filters.

 This problem is solved by exposing one lens to a single film through n light filters with transmission in different ranges, moreover, in contrast to the known one, exposure is performed simultaneously in all ranges and a part of the frame is exposed through each filter, and photographing is performed with a frame overlap factor of at least (n - 1) / n.

 The problem is also solved by creating a camera for spectral photography, containing a lens, a film-tightening mechanism, n light filters with transmission in different spectral ranges, arranged sequentially one after another in the direction of image movement from the carrier’s flight, unlike the known one, the light filters are fixed, and their total area equal to the area of the frame window.

 The technical result obtained by the implementation of the invention is to reduce the cycle of photographing, which can significantly expand the functionality of the camera.

 In FIG. 1 shows a spectrozonal camera; in FIG. 2 - film with an image obtained by the proposed method.

 The spectral zone camera contains a lens 1, a film-tightening mechanism 2 with a film 3. In front of the focal plane of the camera, a block of light filters 5, 6 and 7 is installed with transmission in different spectral zones. The filters are located in the same plane, one after the other in the direction of movement of the image from the flight of the carrier. The total area of the filters is equal to the area of the frame. The area of the filters 5, 6 and 7 may be equal to each other or may be different.

 The camera operates as follows.

где
a - размер кадра в направлении полета;
n - количество светофильтров в блоке;
k - минимальный коэффициент перекрытия для обеспечения непрерывной съемки земной поверхности при фотографировании в одном спектральном диапазоне за одним светофильтром;
U_из - скорость движения изображения, обусловленная скоростью движения носителя.After rewinding the film 3 with the film-pulling mechanism 2, the frame of film 3 is exposed. As a result of exposure, the image of the earth's surface A, B and C is obtained on the frame, and every third part of the frame 8, 9 and 10 is obtained in a certain spectral range corresponding to the transmission of light filters 5, 6 and 7. when pulling the film at the exposure frame length of the next frame starts after a time T _u after the start of exposure of the previous frame, defined by the following relationship for the case of equal s area filters

Where
a is the frame size in the direction of flight;
n is the number of filters in the block;
k is the minimum overlap coefficient to ensure continuous shooting of the earth's surface when photographing in the same spectral range behind one filter;
U _from - the speed of the image, due to the speed of movement of the medium.

где
S - площадь кадрового окна;
S_min - площадь минимального по размеру светофильтра.In the case of uneven filters

Where
S is the area of the frame window;
S _min - the area of the minimum size filter.

 This cycle time ensures that adjacent frames overlap at least (n - 1) / n, so that in the second frame, the terrain A exposed on the first frame through the filter 5 will be exposed through the filter 6, and on the third frame through the filter 7. Thus Thus, a series of terrain images in the spectral ranges corresponding to the transmission of filters 5, 6 and 7 will be obtained on film.

 The spectral zone camera can be either frame or panoramic.

Claims (1)

1. The method of spectrozonal photographing, which consists in exposing one lens to a single film through n different filters in n spectral ranges, characterized in that the film is exposed simultaneously in n spectral ranges, while through each filter a part of the frame with a frame overlap factor of at least

2. A device for spectral photography, containing a lens, a film-tightening mechanism and filters with transmission in different spectral ranges, located one after another in the direction of image movement from the carrier’s flight in front of the focal plane, characterized in that the filters are fixed, and their total area is equal to the area frame window.

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