RU2109052C1 - Method and composition of microbial for direct nutrition for animal growth improvement - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture. SUBSTANCE: method involves addition of an effective microbial amount to feed diet promoting animal growth. Composition is a mixture of viable bacterium of species Enterococcus faecium 301, ATCC 55059 and Enterococcus faecium 202, ATCC 53518 and stearic acid dried microspheres. Stearic acid microspheres and viable bacteria are formed on rotating disk. Combination of microorganism sealed into stearic acid provides release of microorganisms in intestine being at necessary time without their preliminary releasing. EFFECT: increased weight gain, improved feed utility, increased meat yield. 15 cl, 5 dwg, 15 tbl

Description

Growth accelerators in the form of antibiotics are widely used in relation to poultry, namely chickens, hens and turkeys. Growth accelerators such as Stafac ^R and BMD ^R (bacitracin methylene disalicylate) are known antibiotics and have been used at subtherapeutic levels, for example, 10 g per ton and 25 g per 1 ton as feed additives to promote desirable growth parameters in poultry . However, the use of antibiotics for these purposes has recently caused some criticism. Criticism included, among other things, the possibility that poultry will eventually develop tolerance for antibiotics and, as a result, the antibiotic will no longer be effective as a growth promoter. Other objections relate to concerns about the health of birds in connection with the use of unnatural antibiotics and to those unnatural consequences to which this use may lead. However, due to the benefits of using antibiotics, they are still commonly used to improve feed conversion, improve carcass structure and accelerate growth.

 Some bacteria are known to be potentially beneficial when added to animal feed. These bacteria are beneficial in the sense that they supply the natural intestinal microflora. Some companies offer direct-feed microbials for sale that contain the desired bacteria. However, direct-fed microbials have difficulty maintaining a stable product. Typically, direct-fed microbial is used at a fairly low level, it is added to the feed, maybe at the level of 0.1%. However, an unused direct-feed microbial containing feed or product added to the feed is often stored by farmers for a long time. During such storage, conditions of moisture and high temperatures repeatedly arise. In many cases, moisture is just enough for the bacteria to activate and begin to grow, but moisture is not enough to support their growth. As a result, they die. Thus, the activity of microbial direct feeding ceases. In other cases, the addition of antibiotics to a direct-feed microbial containing a feed or feed additive will result in an adverse interaction with bacteria, especially if there is little moisture, and thus the bacteria are destroyed again. So there is a significant problem associated with the stability of microbials of direct feeding during their long-term storage.

 In other conditions, when direct feeding microbial is added, for example, to chicken feed, it is common practice to pelletize the material, and direct feeding microbial is added before the pelletizing process. Moisture from the steam used in pelletizing partially activates the bacteria, but as a result of insufficient moisture to maintain the bacteria, they can die. They can also be destroyed by the heat applied during pelletizing. In addition, there is a problem with the acidic environment of the stomach, which potentially inactivates the bacteria before they actually reach the intestines.

 Thus, there is always a need for direct-feeding microbials, which will release organisms in the intestine only at the right time, without prior release due to moisture conditions or unfavorable pH, which are found in the digestive tract to the small intestine.

 If possible, it is especially desirable to obtain certain characteristics of poultry. These characteristics include an increased rate of weight gain, better feed conversion, carcass structure and, finally, uniformity of weight of the pack. Of course, an increased weight gain rate and a better feed conversion are desirable in terms of the economy that accompanies these desired results. The structure of the carcass is important because in order to produce a large quantity of selected meat, the most desirable area of tissue deposition is the thoracic region. Thus, not only weight gain is important, but also in which part of the carcass weight is important. The uniformity of the weight of the flock is important because the larger the number of birds that are of normal size, the less manual labor is required, and meat processors can rely heavily on machine processing. On the other hand, if the sizes of birds and larger birds require additional significant manual labor due to the heterogeneity of sizes, they cannot be easily machined. Thus, a desirable characteristic is the uniformity of the weight of the flock with a high percentage of distribution within the range of normal sizes, so that hens can be processed on standardized equipment.

 Similarly, a direct-feeding microbial would be highly beneficial, useful not only for poultry such as chickens and turkeys, but also beneficial for pigs.

From the description of the patent GB N 2016043, cl. C 12 N 1/20, A 61 K 39/02, 1979, a capsule product of viable bacteria of the Streptococcus faecium species enclosed in a capsule of free fatty acids, in particular palmitic acid or stearic acid monoglyceride and suitable for use in composition of animal feed. The concentration of S. faecium in animal feed is 2 g per 1000 g, and the titer of viable bacteria is 980 • 10 ⁹ . An encapsulated bacterium is added at a rate of 1 g per 100 g of feed product.

 Containing encapsulated product - Streptococcus (Enterococcus) faecium encapsulated in free fatty acids is used in animal feed.

 The main objective of the invention is the creation of a microbial of direct feeding for poultry, which does not contain antibiotics, but contains only microspheres of fatty acids, including organisms of natural origin.

 Another main objective of the invention is to obtain a direct-feeding microbial, which contains two organisms, namely Enterococcus faecium 301, DSM No. DSM-Nr. 4789 and Enterococcus faecium 202, DSV No. DSV-Nr. 4788. DSM is a collection of bacterial culture in Germany. DSM stands for Deutsche Sammiung von Mikroorganismen (German Collection of Microorganisms), and this collection is located in Braunschweig, in western Germany. These organisms will be deposited with the ATCC and all restrictions on claims for admissible claims will be lifted.

 Another objective of the invention is to obtain a microbial of direct feeding, which in relation to poultry causes an increased rate of weight gain, causes better feed conversion, gives a higher yield of breast meat and which ensures uniformity of the weight of the flock in the range of normal bird sizes.

 Another main objective of the invention is the creation of direct-fed microbials suitable for supplementation in the diet of poultry and containing bacteria existing in the form of microspheres using a special rotation method and a matrix of free fatty acid.

 Another objective of the invention is to obtain a microbial of direct feeding, which has stability at levels ranging from 3 to 6 months without a significant reduction in the number of organisms.

 Another objective of the invention is to create a process of formation by rotation of spheres containing dried bacteria, which ensures uniformity of size.

 Another object of the invention is to provide rotating disk spheres of dried bacteria that flow freely and are easily treatable in poultry diets.

 A further task is to obtain microspheres of a fatty acid material containing certain bacteria, and these spheres are suitable as a direct feeding microbial for both poultry and pigs.

 Figure 1-3 clearly shows the stability of the strains using a matrix of stearic acid; figure 4 is a graph showing the distribution of breast meat as a result of experimental feeding the composition of the microbial direct feeding according to the invention; figure 5 is a graph showing the distribution of body weight as a result of experimental feeding the composition of the microbial direct feeding according to the invention; in FIG. 4 and 5 are control values when using an antibiotic and when using the microbial of direct feeding according to the present invention.

This invention relates to a method and composition for promoting the growth of poultry and pigs, which includes adding to the normal diet a small but conducive to the growth of an effective amount of direct-feeding microbial, which contains dried microspheres of fatty acid Enterococcus faecium 301, DSM No. DSM-Nr. 4789 and a certain amount of microspheres of the fatty acid Enterococcus faecium 202, DSV No. DSV-Nr. 4788. The fatty acid used may be any of a number of C ₁₂ to C ₂₄ fatty acids, but preferably it is stearic acid. Preferably, the organisms are present in approximately equal amounts, but this amount can vary from about 30 to about 70% of one of the organisms, while the other is a compensator.

 It is not known exactly why these two organisms provide the desired indicators according to the present invention, namely: increased rate of weight gain, better feed conversion, higher yield of breast meat and increased uniformity of weight indicators of the flock. The fact is that they really achieve these results, provided that both organisms are used in combination so that they can somehow interact with each other, and provided that they are used in the indicated range. It is these combinations of signs that somehow interact and contribute to each other, creating the desired characteristics of the present invention and allowing to significantly improve poultry carcasses, meat quality and allowing to simplify its processing. As the examples show, similar results can be obtained for pigs.

The amount of direct-fed microbial added to the feed can vary significantly, but generally ranges from about 0.5 pounds to about 2.0 pounds per ton of feed, generally from about 0.8 pounds to about 1 , 2 pounds per 1 ton of feed, and usually about 1 pound per 1 ton of feed. The number of organisms, that is, the number of colony forming units per gram present in the microbial of direct feeding, can also vary from about 1 • 10 ⁶ CFU / g to about 2 • 10 ⁹ CFU / g, but preferably it is about 2 • 10 ⁸ CFU / g.

When the direct-feed microbial described above is optionally added to the animal feed ration, the combination of the two strains of organisms mentioned above behaves as a growth promoter. Currently used growth promoting agents include antibiotics such as Stafac ^R and BMD. The benefits of sub-therapeutic levels of antibiotics used as growth promoters can be obtained by naturally occurring organisms according to the present invention, provided that the direct-feeding microbial is made according to the invention and added according to the method described herein. In fact, several experiments were carried out, the results of which show that the combination of the microbial of direct feeding and a growth promoting agent is superior in effectiveness to the effectiveness of each of these substances separately, and thus, if desired, they can be used together. However, in many cases, it is preferable to use only microbial direct feeding, since one of the objectives of the invention is to completely avoid the use of substances that promote growth.

 The method of processing organisms is not critical if the organisms can be kept alive and given to the animal in this form and they are in a form that can be combined well with animal feed, and generally in uniform sizes, so that the dosage can be controlled.

 A preferred means of fulfilling these requirements is to obtain organisms in the form of a microsphere of a fatty acid matrix. Microsphere means a matrix of fatty acid, which includes a number of organisms. It differs from the microcapsule in which individual organisms are enclosed. In the microsphere, the fatty acid matrix acts with respect to the composition in the same way that the dough matrix for homemade cookies and pieces of chocolate interact, and these pieces represent groups of organisms. This process is described in the original application of co-inventor Rutherford et al. Through this process, bacteria are combined with heated fatty acid. The temperature of the fatty acid and the exposure time to the bacteria of the fatty acid are controlled in such a way as to maintain the viability of the bacteria, but allow them to mix with the fatty acid. The mixture is placed on a rotating disk, which leads to the fact that the bacterial microsphere with fatty acid behaves like a matrix. When using this method, some important advantages are achieved. Firstly, during processing, bacteria retain their viability. Secondly, this process in combination with the rotating disk method allows to obtain a uniform size of microspheres, which improves dosing. Third, the nature of the fatty acid matrix allows the formation of unique microspheres. The combination of these factors makes it possible to obtain a highly stable microbial of direct feeding, which has maximum efficiency.

 It is important to note that in the process according to the original application, microspheres are formed in which each sphere is a series of bacteria located in the free matrix of a fatty acid, and not a separate microencapsulator of each type of bacteria with a coating or film similar to a layer of fatty acid. This increases stability and makes the dosage more effective with bacterial treatment.

A preferred matrix material is a C ₁₂ to C ₂₄ free fatty acid. Although mixtures of fatty acids can be used, it is preferable to use one pure free fatty acid. It is also preferred that the free fatty acid is an unsaturated fatty acid, and most preferably, it is stearic acid.

Generally speaking, it is important that the fatty acid has a melting point of less than 75 ^° C., preferably in the range of 40 ^° C. to 75 ^° C. It, of course, must be solid at room temperature in order to become an effective matrix. All fatty acids within the range of chemical parameters described above meet these requirements.

 In order to increase product stability, bacteria are usually frozen and dried when placed in the product. Thus, they can be revived by adding moisture.

 Microspheres created in accordance with the process described below generally contain from about 50 to more than 90% by weight of a fatty acid component, the compensator being a bacterial culture. A preferred range is from about 60 to about 75% fatty acid. If too little fatty acid is used, the matrix will become inadequate for protection. On the other hand, if too much fatty acid is used, the matrix will become too thick, which will lead to untimely release of substances in the intestine.

 The process used in the invention is the process of forming microspheres on a rotating disk. Generally speaking, in the technology of rotating disks, a suspension of bacteria and fatty acid components is thoroughly mixed, and this mixture is supplied at a uniform speed to the center of the rotating stainless steel disk. Then it is discarded to the periphery under the action of centrifugal forces and forms a microsphere.

 After that, it is collected in a cooling chamber, in which the ambient temperature is maintained or slightly below it, sorted by size and prepared for packaging.

 Although the encapsulation process on a rotating disk is known per se, there is no known method for producing microspheres contained in a matrix without a surrounding shell, and no method for producing microspheres or encapsulation using frozen and dried bacteria is unknown. Generally speaking, a description of encapsulation on a rotating disk can be found in an article by Johnson et al. From the Southwest Research Institute in San Antonio, published in the Journal of Gas Chromotography, October 1965, pages 345-347. In addition, a spinning disk machine suitable for use in accordance with this invention is described in detail in US Pat. No. 4,675,140, issued to Sparks on June 23, 1987, which is entitled "Method for Coating Particles as Applied to Liquid Droplets." However, it is the process described in the original application that is most preferred.

 It is important to note that the formation of microspheres by the rotation method, in contrast to both conventional spray drying in a tower and microencapsulation, makes it possible to obtain a completely different product from others. In conventional spray drying in a tower, the particles are usually grouped together, the coating becomes uneven and this affects the stability of the product, probably for several days or weeks. This process creates a wrapper around the object. As it turned out, the bacteria are too small, their viability is difficult to maintain and it is equally difficult to maintain the same size, which makes their practical use difficult. When microspheres are formed, especially with the substances used according to this invention, the stability of the resulting bacteria, even if they are exposed to a certain amount of moisture or antibiotics, is from three to six months, and the viability of the bacteria is maintained in equally distributed inclusions.

 When using the fatty acid microspheres of the present invention in the ranges indicated herein, a rotating disk, typically 4-6 inches in diameter, rotates at a speed of 2000 to 4000 rpm, preferably about 2500 to 3200 rpm, at a feed rate of 50 to 200 g The currently known preferred conditions are: the use of stearic acid, the use of the two organisms described above, a four-inch rotating disk, a rotation speed of 3000 rpm, a feed rate of 100 g / min with a suspension of bacteria / s earinovoy acid containing 35% bacteria, 65% stearic acid. When all this is done, a product is obtained having a particle size of from 75 to 300 microns, and preferably a level of less than 250 microns.

 To further illustrate, but not limit the process of the invention, the following examples are provided. Some of the examples are given in connection with figures 1-3. Examples 1 to 4 and FIGS. 1-3 are related to the previous invention. Example 5 and table 2-10 relate to the process according to the invention for the microbial direct feeding of poultry. Example 6 specifically relates to turkeys, and example 7 relates to feeding pigs.

Example 1. The example corresponds to figure 1. It shows the stability of the product of two different Enterococcus faecium strains at 4 ^° C and 27 ^° C. From FIG. 1 you can see the stability of the encapsulated Enterococcus faecium, and the encapsulation is carried out on a rotating disk using stearic acid with a culture weight of 35%. The conditions for the formation of microspheres are the same as described above, namely: suspension of bacteria in stearic acid in the ratio 35/65 at a temperature of 69 ^o C using a rotating disk with a diameter of four inches, operating at a speed of 3000 rpm at a feed speed of 100 g / min . The formed spheres were placed in bags with a vapor barrier, sealed by heating, and from them weekly sampling was carried out with destruction for determination of CFU. You can see that the product obtained according to the present invention showed a wonderful amount of colony forming units (CFU) over a storage time of up to 70 days.

Example 2. Example 2 must be interpreted in connection with figure 2. The drawing shows the stability of individual strains in the form of microspheres when mixed with a normal diet in the presence of three antibiotics of poultry. The diet consisted of the following ingredients,%:
Finely chopped grain - 54
Soya Bean Flour - 26
Fishmeal - 2
Dicalcium Phosphate - 1.5
Limestone - 1
Soybean Oil - 5.5
Moisture Content - 12
Three antibiotics were added with the following inclusion levels by weight: decocrinoate 6% (454 ppm), salinomycin (50 ppm) and monensin sodium (120 ppm).

Culture was added to this mixture at a level to obtain feed with approximately 1 • 10 ⁶ CFU / g. The food was packaged in heat-sealed bags and kept at room temperature. Samples were made weekly with CFU determination. The graph in FIG. 2 shows remarkable stability.

Example 3. Example 3 must be interpreted in connection with figure 3. It shows the stability of Enterococcus faecium - microspheres in the feed in the presence of various antibiotics. The diet consisted of 60% finely divided grain, 38% soybean flour, and 2% limestone with a moisture content of approximately 14%. The culture was added to a level of approximately 10 ⁶ CFU / g of feed and mixed. Multiples of ten pounds were stored in sealed bags at 20 ^° C. and were sampled weekly for 16 weeks. Antibiotics were included in the diet at the following levels, g / 1 t:
Bacitracin methylene disalicylate - 50
Carbadox - 50
Chlortetracycline - 200
Lasalocid - 30
Lincomycin - 100
Neomycin - 140
Oxytetracycline - 150
Sulfamethazine - 100
Tilosin - 100
Virginiamycin - 20
ASP 250 - 100
Furadox - 10
Table 1 is a list of minimum time periods for a loss of 1 log colony forming (CFU).

Table 1
Time in weeks for a 1 log CFU loss at 20 ^o C in a must with a moisture content of 14%
Antibiotic - Storage Time (days)
Control - 103
Bacitracin - 88
Carbadox - 54
Chlortetracycline - 60
Lasalocid - 57
Lincomycin - 75
Neomycin - 53
Oxytetracycline - 59
Sulfamethazine - 62
Tilosin - 52
Virginiamycin - 112
ASP 250 - 67
Furadox - 53
Example 4. In example 4, the stability of the product after pelletizing was determined for use as chicken feed. The microsphere formation conditions were the same as above. The conditions created for this study were as follows,%:
Raw protein, not less than - 18.0
Raw fat, not less than - 5.0
Raw fiber, not less than 6.0
Granules containing and not containing an antibiotic (STS 50 g / t) were made with the following ingredients and under the following conditions.

Grain, SBM, whey, soybean oil, dicalcium phosphate, limestone, a pre-prepared mixture with a small amount of mineral, a pre-prepared mixture with vitamin, selenium, copper sulfate. The culture was added in an amount of approximately 5 • 10 ⁵ CFU / g feed.

The conditioning temperature was 70 ^° C. and the granules selected from the matrix were at 78 ^° C.

 Pellets were stored in unsealed bags and samples were taken weekly to determine CFU.

 In this case, the stability of the pelletized product was not violated by the pelletizing conditions. In particular, a pelletized product showed stability equal to the stability of a non-pelleted product.

Example 5. Four thousand five hundred and sixty broiler chickens of the breed Petersonx Arbor Acres, at the age of one day, were placed in the pen with the floor (Table 2), completely randomly, with the litter being updated and the chickens being fed for 45 days. All birds that died during the first 5 days were replaced by birds of the same sex from the same supply and undergoing the same treatment. The composition of the main starter culture, growth promoting substances, and extraction ration are presented in Table 3. The diet of the starter culture, the substances for promoting growth and for extraction were selected so as to contain, respectively, 1425, 1450 and 1475 kcal IU / lb with the amount of monesin 90 g / t. Dairy starter diets were fed from 1 day to 21 days old, growth promoting substances were fed from 21 days to 42 days old, and extractants were fed from 42 to 49 days old chickens. The treatment included a negative control, wort (control amount, M), selected encapsulated direct feeding microbial cultures containing Enterococcus faecium 301, DSM No. DSM-Nr. 4789 and Enterococcus faecium 202, DSV No. DSV-Nr. 4788, each fatty acid being encapsulated on a rotating disk, as described in Example 1, and each of them was present in an amount of 50% of the direct feeding microbial fed to the feed at a level of 1 • 10 ⁵ CFU / g, wort (direct feeding microbial, M), negative control substance, granular (control, P); microbial of direct feeding, given in the form of wort 1 • 10 ⁶ CFU / g, granular (microbial of direct feeding, P); and a positive control substance given with 10 g / t virgiamycin granular (Stafac ^R 10). The starter ration was ground to feed in the form of granules.

 For the experimental diet, twelve repeated pens for 35 males and 35 chickens were used.

 After 5 days, carcass weights, feed intake and mortality rates were recorded. For each flock in the pen, feed conversion, regulated feed conversion, and feed conversion adjusted for carcass weight were calculated.

 All data were analyzed for deviation from the species, and differences were determined using Fisher's LSD.

Prior to the study, calcium carbonate was added to the direct-feed microbial culture concentrate. The theoretically calculated amounts of direct-fed microbial, M of direct-fed microbial P were 1 · 10 ⁸ and 2 • 10 ⁹ CFU / g, respectively. A sample of 11 g of each product was examined in duplicate to determine the actual quantity of the product. Each sample was converted to leaf form using standard methods for encapsulated lactic acid bacteria.

 A mixing test was carried out for each production phase. This test was intended to ensure that the direct-feed microbial was evenly distributed in the feed at appropriate levels and that it remained viable after the pelletizing process. Each portion was checked by samples during bagging, and there were 4 equally divided samples for feeding with wort and 10 equally equally divided samples for feeding with granules (i.e. bags 1, 3, 5 ..., 35, 37 and 39) .

 Alternative flocks kept in the pen with the floor were fed with unloaded food, samples from which were taken for 1 and 4 weeks, and the rest of the flocks were checked selectively at 2 and 6 weeks during the study of feeding methods.

 An equal number of birds of each sex were killed to determine the weight of the breast meat, carcass and length of the small intestine of an individual bird, as well as the weight of the small intestine. For each bird, the yield of breast meat and the ratio of the weight and length of the intestine were calculated.

 All data were analyzed with a split dispersion graph and differences were determined using contrast and evaluative formulation of the desired effects.

 Sixty birds for 1 experiment were transferred to the university for sensory-taste assessment.

The microbial of direct feeding, regardless of the type of processing, improved (P <0.05) food conversion compared to the corresponding control data and at the same time increased (P <0.05) weight gain compared to control data only in the form of wort feed (table .4). Direct feeding microbial P improved (P> 0.05) food conversion compared to Stafac ^R 10, which was similar (P> 0.05) to the control substance P.

 The product was at its desired level and with the desired strain composition (Table 5).

 Direct feeding microbial was evenly distributed in the feed. The microbial of direct feeding M was at its desired level, while the microbial of direct feeding P was 1 - 1-1 / 2 log higher than desirable for a starter diet and growth promoting substance (Table 6). Large quantities for the microbial of direct feeding P were the result of the conversion of the product in order to ensure sufficient recovery of organisms after pelletizing.

 Samples from pens with a deck for the direct-fed microbial P closely matched the amounts from the mixed tests (Table 7). However, the direct-feeding microbial M decreased by 2 logs per week 4 and 6 in mixtures of a growth promoting substance and a removing substance.

 Direct feeding microbial M increased (P <0.05) breast weight and yield compared to control M data (Table 8), while direct feeding microbial P showed an improvement (P> 0.05) compared to control P. The improvement in wort feed is consistent with the results from an earlier test. The direct-feeding microbial P did not show a similar improvement in the yield of breast meat that was observed in the case of the direct-feeding microbial M. This inability can be caused by improved energy utilization during pelletizing, which results in less space left for improvement.

 Pelletization increased the average bird weight by 96 g per wort. The direct-feeding microbial increased the uniformity of bird weight (FIG. 5) with the greatest improvement in wort feed.

Fertilization increased average chest weight by 15 g per wort. The direct-feeding microbial increased average chest weight and uniformity (Fig. 4) compared with control data, with the largest improvement being found in the wort. Stafac ^R showed the greatest improvement in uniformity for granular feed.

 Pelletization (granulation) increased the yield of breast meat by 0.53% for feeding wort. The direct-feeding microbial M showed an increase of 0.84% compared with the control data M, which was similar in magnitude to the reaction during granulation.

The feed of the direct-feeding microbial came to a shorter (P> 0.05) length of the small intestine than both control substances and Stafac ^R when expressed in actual length, in relation to either body weight or brisket weight (Table 9). The direct-feeding microbial M gave a smaller (P> 0.05) weight of the small intestine compared to the control data M when expressed either in actual weight or as a percentage of body weight or brisket weight. The reduction in intestinal weight and length in the case of direct feeding microbial indicates less energy required for maintenance and more energy available for growth, as indicated by improved feed conversion and breast meat yield (Tables 7-8).

The birds fed the direct-fed microbial P did not have an off-flavor after feeding Stafac ^R 10 (Table 10). In the second experiment, the direct-feeding microbial P was thought to improve the taste of the thigh / legs compared to the control data P. However, this improvement in taste was not observed in the first test.

 The size of the pen is 4.2 x 15.5 feet, one tubular feeder, one hanging irrigator, pine shavings on the ground, an energy source and cooling system with evaporation and a well-insulated building with forced heating by hot air, with a side wall with a curtain.

Testing with broilers was carried out to determine the effectiveness of the microbial of direct feeding in wort and in granular feed. Direct feeding microbial, regardless of its processing, improved (P <0.05) feed conversion compared to the corresponding control data, while increasing (P <0.05) weight gain compared to control data only in case of wort feeding. Direct feeding microbial P improved (P> 0.05) feed conversion compared to Stafac ^R 10, which was similar to (P> 0.05) control data, P.

The microbial of direct feeding M increased (P <0.05) both the weight of the brisket and its yield compared to the control substances M, while the microbial of direct feeding M improved (P> 0.05) compared to the control substance P. microbial direct feeding P birds did not give an off-flavor when compared with birds fed Stafac ^R 10.

Example 6. One hundred and forty-four mixed feed pigs (average initial weight 41.5 pounds) were randomly distributed over slate pens by weight and gender (Table 11) and fed for 119 days. The composition of the main rations of substances that promote growth, and substances that bring to condition, is shown in table 12. Diets of growth promoting substances were given until the average weight in individual pens was 120 pounds, after which, until the day of slaughter, substances were adjusted to condition. All feeds contained Mecadox ^R (50 g / t) up to 75 pounds of carcass weight, followed by 100 g / t of chlortetracycline to 120 pounds of live weight. The feeds were a negative control (control substances or data) and selected microbial cultures of direct feeding in microspheres, given at a level of 1 • 10 ⁴ cfu / g of feed. All rations were given in the form of wort. For each experimental diet, six repeated (replicated) pens containing 12 feed pigs were used.

After they arrived at the research center, mixed young fodder pigs were given Ivomec ^R to control internal and external parasites. Four weeks later, Safeguard ^R was given to control worms (tapeworms).

 For each pen, carcass weights, feed intake and mortality rates were recorded. For each pen, feed conversion was calculated.

Before the study, the microsphere culture concentrate expanded with calcium carbonate. The theoretical amount was 2 • 10 ⁷ cfu / g of product. 11 g of product sample was analyzed in duplicate to determine actual product values. The sample was divided into thin layers using standard methods for microspherical bacteria of lactic acid.

 An additional sample of a product weighing 1 g was analyzed in duplicate to verify the amount of product and the composition of the strain.

 Samples were taken weekly for each pitchfork and tested for the presence of lactic acid microspherical bacteria.

 The product was approved at its desired level of organisms (Table 14).

Recovery of samples from pens ranged from 1 • 10 ¹ to 1.6 • 10 ⁵ cfu / g of feed (Table 15). The two extreme samples are due to errors in the sample / section into thin layers. The average value of the remaining samples was near the desired level of 1 • 10 ⁴ cfu / g of feed.

 The product in the form of microspheres improved (P> 0.05) weight gain and feed conversion compared to control substances after 28 days (Table 13). Pigs were affected by the TGE outbreak in the first week of the trial. This outbreak, as well as the time required to adapt the digestive tract of pigs to the product, may be the reason that a delay of 28 days occurred before the observed reaction.

 It can be seen that the microspheres of the direct-feeding microbial according to this invention function efficiently in relation to pigs, as well as in relation to chickens and turkeys.

 For the above examples, you can see that this invention makes it possible to achieve each of the objectives set forth in the invention.

Claims (15)

 1. A method of feeding animals, comprising adding to the diet of animal feed a growth effective amount of direct feeding microbial, which is a viable bacteria of the Enterococcus taecium species, enclosed in fatty acid, characterized in that the microbial is a mixture mainly of dried microspheres of stearic acid and viable bacteria Enterococcus taecium 301, ATCC N 55059 and Enterococcus taecium 202, ATCC N 53518.  2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the microspheres of stearic acid and viable bacteria are formed using a rotating disk.  3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the microbial consists of about 30 to about 70 wt.% One of these fatty acid microspheres with a balance attributable to the other.  4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that each of these enterococci is present in approximately equal amounts.  5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the amount of microbial added to the feed ration is from about 1.0 to about 4.0 kg per 1 ton of feed.  6. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that the amount of microbial added to the feed ration is from about 1.6 to about 2.4 kg per 1 ton of feed. 7. The method according to p. 4, characterized in that the number of microbial microorganisms is from about 1 • 10 ⁵ to about 2 • 10 ⁸ CFU / g 8. The method according to p. 6, characterized in that the number of microbial microorganisms is about 1 • 10 ⁸ CFU / g  9. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the animal is a chicken or chicken.  10. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the animal is a pig.  11. The composition of the microbial of direct feeding for animals, which is a viable bacteria of the Enterococcus taecium species, enclosed in fatty acid, characterized in that it consists of a mixture of mainly dried microspheres of stearic acid and viable bacteria Enterococcus taecium 301, ATTC N 55059 and Enterococcus taecium 202 , ATCC N 53518.  12. The composition according to claim 11, characterized in that it contains from about 20 to about 30 wt.% One of these fatty acid microspheres with a balance attributable to the other.  13. The composition according to claim 11, characterized in that each of these enterococci is present in approximately equal amounts.  14. The composition according to claim 11, characterized in that the animal is a chicken or chicken.  15. The composition according to claim 11, characterized in that the animal is a pig.

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