RU210850U1 - METAL FENCE PROFILE WITH FIXING DEVICES FOR PANEL ELEMENTS - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the construction industry - structural elements of fences, namely, metal profiles of fences in the form of metal profiled plano-fences, between which panels can be placed, for example, for decorative purposes, made of polycarbonate. It is aimed at mass application in civil and industrial construction for the fencing of land, residential, public and industrial buildings, and is also intended for the modernization of fences made of metal profiles. Metal profile of the fence (metal fence element) with fixing devices (holders) for panel elements, each of which is made with the possibility of fixing the vertical edge of the polycarbonate panel element. The profile is made as a thin sheet metal picket element. Each of the vertical edges of the profile has a locking device in the form of a vertically elongated locking socket containing the upper and lower shelves. Fixing nests are made on one side of the metal picket element. Each fixing nest is made with the possibility of elastic fixation between its upper and lower shelves of the vertical edge of the corresponding panel element, made in the form of a polycarbonate panel with a given thickness. When a polycarbonate panel is placed between adjacent first and second metal fence elements, the fixing sockets of the first and second metal fence elements closest to each other, respectively, provide the possibility of the above fixing of the corresponding vertical edges of the above polycarbonate panel. The technical result of the utility model is to provide long-term rigid two-sided fixation of the edges of polycarbonate panels when they are located between two adjacent metal profiles in adverse weather conditions. In particular, with sharp daily temperature fluctuations and strong snow and wind loads on the panel. 7 ill.

Description

The field of technology to which the utility model belongs.

The utility model relates to the construction industry - structural elements of fences, namely, metal profiles of fences in the form of metal profiled picket fences, between which panels, for example, for decorative purposes, made of polycarbonate can be placed. It is aimed at mass application in civil and industrial construction for the fencing of land, residential, public and industrial buildings, and is also intended for the modernization of fences made of metal profiles.

The level of technology.

The prior art solutions for the structural elements of fences using metal vertical profiles and polycarbonate panels connected to them. Different material properties (polycarbonate and metal), such as different coefficients of thermal expansion, need to be taken into account when designing connections between the two materials. The quality of the connection - in particular, the rigidity and durability of the rigid fixation of the polymer panel on the picket fence elements, depends, in particular, on the type and parameters of the connection itself. In general, the joints (interfaces) of polycarbonate panels) with a metal fence, despite the high strength characteristics of polycarbonate panels, may not be sufficiently reliable and short-lived, especially when using connections with self-tapping screws. Under the influence of cyclic loads (wind, snow, combined with temperature changes, microbiological and solar influences), in places of increased mechanical loads, a violation of the rigid fixation of the panel with metal can occur (due to damage, defects, displacements relative to the picket fence and bending of the panel itself under mechanical influences) . Under damages and defects, we mean various shells, swellings, cracks, scratches on the surface, as well as delamination in the cross-sectional area of the panel.

A technical solution RU 2699290 (published on 09/04/2019) is known, in which the picket fence contains vertically oriented pickets made of a thin metal profile with predominantly flat longitudinal edges, on which a honeycomb polycarbonate panel can be placed. This solution provides a very simple and cheap upgrade of a thin-sheet metal picket fence by quickly installing honeycomb polycarbonate panels (for example, transparent) between adjacent picket profiles. One of the disadvantages of this technical solution is that only specially prepared panels made of fairly light honeycomb polycarbonate can be used as the material for the panels. The use of heavier panels, such as molded polycarbonate, is almost impossible in this solution.

A technical solution is known (U.S. Patent Application No. US 20150041743 A1, 2015-02-12) containing a metal profile of the fence with a fixing device for panel elements. The metal profile railing section includes end brackets attached to the front sides of the railing post panel. The top and bottom rails cover the span between the uprights. Panels and separating elements in the form of a metal H-profile (made of U-shaped elements) are fixed between the upper and lower guides. The vertical edges of the panels are installed during installation in the corresponding grooves of the metal profile. As a panel material, for example, polycarbonate, metal, wood can be used. Separating elements (H-profiles) and panels are supported, in particular, by the bottom rail. After placing the profiles and panels, the top rail is installed between the uprights and adjoining the upper ends of the dividing elements and panels, thereby fixing the dividing elements and panels between the upper and lower rails to form a fencing section. The design of the fence section allows one person to carry out the installation of the fence. The significant disadvantages of this solution is the inability to use existing standard profiles and standard technologies used in modern metal fences (Euro fences). In addition, H-profiles can be more difficult to manufacture than standard profiles.

Known technical solution (international application WO 2007/126983 A2 publ. 08.11.2007), including a metal picket fence containing polymer panels (screens) and vertical pickets spaced from each other. The polymeric panel closes at least parts of the intermediate space between adjacent pickets. A special clamp (clip) placed on the profile fixes the panel, while the size of the clamp is chosen in such a way as to tightly clasp the fence profile with a rectangular section. The disadvantage of this technical solution is the need to use numerous additional elements for fastening the polymer panel and the practical impossibility of effectively performing such clamps on pickets made with a thin metal profile (for example, on P-type or M-type picket profiles that are widespread in Russia).

Known technical solution (US patent US 4062522, Joseph Lepitri, pub. 13.12.1977). A picket fence with a metal profile and with polymer panels has predominantly vertically arranged pickets made of a metal profile, with longitudinal grooves made in each picket along their longitudinal edges. The fences are held in a vertical position by means of transverse elements (lags). The polymeric fencing panel is installed in the gap between two adjacent pickets. The fastening (connection) of polymer panels on a metal profile is carried out as follows - the edge parts (respectively with the longitudinal ends) of the polymer panel (acting as a spike) are installed in the grooves of the fences, made as a recess in the end part of the metal profile. This technical solution has a number of technical disadvantages. For example, the above attachment will not be strong enough and durable enough to accommodate the edges of a heavy polymer sheet. As a result of wind and snow loads, the connection, in general, cannot provide long-term rigid fixation of the polymer sheet. In addition, this method of fastening requires the use of only a special metal profile and cannot be effectively implemented in a metal profile with flat edges, the thickness of which does not exceed 1.5 mm.

The prototype (the closest analogue) of this utility model is patent US 4214411 The Fanwall Corporation, 1980). The technical solution for the fence has a metal fence profile with fixing devices for panel elements. Each locking device is designed to lock the vertical edge of the polycarbonate panel element. The metal profile essentially performs the role of a vertical elongated bracket containing individual elements in the form of a flange and other elements that form a fixing socket for elastic fixation of the edge of the panel element. The technical solution makes it possible to fasten heavy polycarbonate monolithic panels and hold them securely even under very strong wind loads (hurricane wind) and sudden temperature changes. Panels for such fastening must be specially prepared for fastening in a fixing socket, in particular, they have specially formed semi-cylindrical vertical edges on their edges, which are engaged on the supporting elements by means of elastic compressive strength elements, which are an elastic cylindrical element (for example, from rubber) and are also placed in the fixing socket. Thus, the one-piece semi-cylindrical edge portions of the panels and the carriers comprise mating resilient rods inserted into the semi-cylindrical vertical edges of the panel. Elastic fixation of the panel is maintained during thermal expansion and contraction of the panel and various displacements of the panel under strong wind loads and snowstorms and is carried out by mutual action of the panels and elastic power elements. This technical solution also has serious disadvantages in terms of its wider use in fences. Namely, for its use only a special metal profile is required, containing various collapsible elements for the formation of fixing nests during installation. In addition, it requires the use of monolithic polycarbonate panels with specially prepared bent edges. Such a solution is costly and relatively time-consuming to install. Significant disadvantages of this solution is also the inability to use existing standard profiles and standard technologies used in modern metal fences.

Disclosure of the essence of the utility model

This utility model is aimed at eliminating the above technical disadvantages of the solution and provides, in particular, reliable fixation of narrow monolithic thin-sheet polycarbonate panels in thin sheet metal fence profiles by modifying the lateral vertical edges of the corresponding metal fence profiles.

The objective of the utility model is to develop a metal fence profile with enhanced functionality that allows you to create a reliable fastening of panel elements (in particular, from monolithic polycarbonate) placed between the fence profiles. The fastening of a panel with a picket profile (picket) must be maintained under conditions of long-term exposure to various unfavorable operational factors. Such a profile should largely replace the widespread types of metal fence profiles existing on the Russian market.

Another objective of the present utility model is to develop the most inexpensive metal fence profile based on the refinement of known profiles, which will not require a significant change in existing methods for producing metal profiles and require only minor changes in the equipment used. The production of such a profile can be quickly established on the existing technological basis for the production of metal pickets using well-known roller profiling technologies.

Another objective of the utility model is to provide, with the help of this profile, an easy (not requiring the involvement of specialists) and quick modernization of metal fences, improving their appearance (for example, when using decorative honeycomb polycarbonate panels), providing a quick and convenient opportunity to change the appearance of the fence without significant material costs. At the same time, the use of such a profile for fastening transparent panels can also ensure that existing regulatory requirements (in Russian legislation) for the transparency of fences are met. The metal profile must securely hold polycarbonate monolithic acoustic panels, so the use of soundproofing monolithic polycarbonate as the material for the panels will also significantly improve the soundproofing properties of the fence.

Another objective of the utility model is to increase the reliability of picket fences by increasing the rigidity of metal picket fence elements.

Another task is to provide the possibility of vertical adjustment of the installation site between the stacks of polycarbonate panels, which in turn makes it possible to easily adjust the intensity of light transmission on the site, or its ventilation, creating a more favorable microclimate for plants inside the site in case of using fences in horticultural farms.

The technical result of the utility model consists, in particular, in providing long-term (more than a year) rigid two-sided fixation of the edges of narrow (up to 30 cm wide) polycarbonate panels located between two adjacent metal fencing profiles under adverse weather conditions (in particular, sharp daily temperature drops (10-15 C°) and at the same time with strong snow and wind loads on the panel, in particular, dense snow wind with a speed of up to 25 m/s). It should be noted that in practice, adjacent metal fence elements are located at a distance of no more than 15-22 cm from each other (and usually at a smaller distance - up to 10 cm). It is for this practically used ("standard" or generally accepted) gap between adjacent shtaketins that the claimed technical result is provided.

The metal-staple profile proposed in the utility model simultaneously ensures the achievement of long-term rigid fixation of panel elements and easy (i.e., with relatively low friction forces when the panel is vertically displaced (the movement of the edges inside the fixing socket) relative to the profile) vertical adjustment of the position of the panels relative to the metal-staple profile during installation and operation of the fence (for example, when the panel is shorter in length than the length of the picket profile).

Long-term fixation of the panel means a low probability (less than 0.25-0.5%) of the probability of the panel falling out (or breaking the rigid fixation) from the metal fence formed by the specified metal profile during its operation in the fence during the year from the moment of its installation. Rigid fixation of the panel on the picket fence in this utility model means the exclusion of any options for displacement of the entire panel or part of it relative to the edges of the picket fence profile (excluding cases of slight panel displacement due to thermal expansion effects) under the above atmospheric (natural) influences. For example, the exclusion of spontaneous vertical displacement of the panel down or up relative to the profile, the exclusion of spontaneous displacement of any parts (for example, the bending of the lower or upper parts of the panels) leading to the corresponding exit of the edge of the fence profile from the area of its interface with the panel.

The present utility model also makes it possible to reduce the labor intensity of panel installation (and the qualification requirements for the panel installer) by eliminating the use of any fasteners when installing panels, ensuring that only one person can install it, and ensuring that the friction force is reduced when installing / dismantling the panel (when placing its edges in the fixing nests of the profile), which also reduces the complexity of installation.

To achieve these technical results, a metal profile of the fence with fixing devices for panel elements has been developed, containing two fixing devices for panel elements, each of which is made with the possibility of fixing the vertical edge of the polycarbonate panel element. The profile is made of cold-rolled steel and is a thin-sheet metal fence element with a thickness of 0.3 mm to 0.8 mm, having two sides (usually also called back and front) and two vertical edges (edge areas), while on each of vertical edges, a locking device is made in the form of a vertically elongated locking socket containing the upper and lower shelves. In other words, each of its locking devices is made in the form of a vertically elongated locking socket, forming the corresponding vertical edge of the above element and containing the upper and lower shelves. The fixing nests are made on one specified side of the metal picket element (i.e., to achieve a technical result, the fact that the fixing nests are on one side is important, but which side it is - the back or the front - does not matter). Each fixing socket is made with the possibility of elastic fixation between its upper and lower shelves of the vertical edge of the corresponding panel element, made in the form of a polycarbonate panel with a given thickness h, satisfying the condition 0.3 mm ≤ h ≤ 12 mm. With the above elastic fixation, the conditions 2 mm ≤ H1 ≤ 40 mm and 2 mm ≤ H2 ≤ 40 mm are met, where H2 is the depth determined by the distance from the edge of the bottom shelf edge to the lower protrusion of the vertical edge of the polycarbonate panel, and H1 is the depth determined by the distance from edge of the top shelf to the top ledge of the vertical edge of the polycarbonate panel. When placing a polycarbonate panel between adjacent first and second metal fence elements, the locking sockets of the first and second metal fence elements closest to each other, respectively, provide the possibility of the above fixing of the corresponding vertical edges of the above polycarbonate panel. Each locking socket of the metal picket element may have a C-shape in cross section. The metal picket element can be formed from strips, each locking seat being formed by means of roller profiling. The metal fence element can be made of cold-rolled galvanized steel with a polymer coating. Fixing slots of a metal picket element can be made with the possibility of fixing the side vertical edges of an additional flexible panel (usually such panels are made of polymeric materials) when it is placed between the fixing slots of one metal picket element. The width of the metal fence element can be from 65 mm to 80 mm, and its thickness from 0.35 mm to 0.5 mm (optimal parameters that improve the quality of fixation in this profile design). At least four longitudinal stiffening ribs can be formed on the metal picket element. The vertical edges of the metal picket element (at least the edge of the upper shelf of the fixing socket) can be made rolled. Rolling provides a reduction in the likelihood of damage to the panels during operation and installation, thereby increasing the reliability and duration of fixing the panels. The profile can have H1 and H2 satisfy the conditions 2 mm ≤ H1 ≤ 10 mm and 2 mm ≤ H2 ≤ 10 mm, a h satisfies the condition 0.3 mm ≤ h ≤ 5 mm (optimal parameters that improve the quality of fixation in this profile design).

If the thickness of the selected narrow polycarbonate panel (for example, from monolithic polycarbonate having a very high coefficient of thermal expansion) is in a given thickness range h, then the correspondingly declared metal picket elements on the fence should provide long-term and rigid elastic fixation of at least one such panel with a given thickness. The profile (metal picket element) according to the utility model must ensure the installation of at least one panel with a given (specific) thickness h, for example, only a thin polycarbonate panel with a thickness of 0.3 mm, which enters to a depth of H1=H2=2 mm into the grooves of the fixing socket. Such a panel may, for example, be 1.5 m high and 30 mm wide.

The metal fence element, in fact, performs the function of an elastic device, the task of which is not only to compensate for changes in the linear dimensions of polycarbonate panels while maintaining rigid fixation associated with fluctuations in ambient temperature, but also to create a reliable elastic fixation for various elastic deformations of the profile (including mechanical vibrations). ) under conditions of exposure to strong snow and wind loads and even weighting of the panel due to the formation of a layer of ice and adhering snow. A thin-sheet metal profile made of cold-rolled steel with a thickness of 0.3 mm to 0.8 mm, as shown by tests of metal fences, has the necessary elastoplastic and geometric characteristics that make it possible to form a flexible system of interaction between the panel and the fixing socket. The possibility of fixing the edges of vertical panels at a depth of at least 2 mm in the nearest adjacent fixing sockets (in fact, this depth is determined by the parameters H1 and H2 - the depths of the corresponding edges (more precisely, the protrusions of the edges) of the polymer panel into the fixing socket) determines the possibility of preserving the edges of the panel (and, accordingly, rigid fixation of the panel) in the fence profiles of the installed fence (and eliminating the possibility of their exit from the fixing nest) during the entire period of operation of the panel (at least a year) in the fence. Even in the presence of various undesirable deformations and displacements of individual profile elements, caused in particular by strong wind and snow loads, such a flexible system will ensure reliable and long-term fixation of the edges of the panel placed between the corresponding adjacent fence posts.

The use of cold-rolled steel is one of the prerequisites for guaranteed production of a high-quality profile that provides the required technical result. Cold rolled steel sheets are commonly used for products where tight tolerances, concentricity, straightness and coated surfaces are required. In particular, it is the cold-rolled steel sheet used in the manufacture of the profile that has a high manufacturing accuracy - which allows it to form fixing nests with the necessary parameters that are quite accurate in shape and provide elastic fixation of the edges of the polycarbonate panel (for example, due to the formation of short and thin bottom and upper shelves with predetermined elastic properties that allow to effectively fix the panel) and also provide the required minimum sheet thickness in the range from 0.3-0.35 mm. Such steel can be effectively used in obtaining the desired profile by roller profiling.

In general, either hot-rolled or cold-rolled steel sheets are used as the starting material for shtaketin. However, the use of hot-rolled steel sheets (not subjected to further processing such as cold rolling) does not generally guarantee the most efficient implementation of the utility model (or even the possibility of forming a profile with a given thickness). For example, it is practically difficult to obtain sheets from hot-rolled steel with a minimum thickness of 0.3-0.8 mm (for a profile), and in practice, the thickness of sheets from hot-rolled steel is more than 1.2 mm. In addition, due to the technical features of such steel, it is almost impossible to achieve uniform thickness of the sheet web from such steel. In general, such steel does not have the necessary properties to obtain locking sockets with the required parameters. It should be noted that cold-rolled steel sheets (and, accordingly, pickets from them) have a flat surface and smooth to the touch, in contrast to hot-rolled fabric sheets with an uneven surface and rough to the touch.

The panel installed between adjacent metal picket elements, if necessary, can be easily moved (by the efforts of one person), for example, partially displaced to create an air opening between adjacent pickets (metal picket elements). The ease of displacement is due to the optimal selection of the parameters of the fixing socket (edge thickness, specified depth of immersion of the edges in the fixing socket), which provide a relatively low friction force when the edges are vertically displaced relative to the vertical elongated fixing socket. The execution of the locking nests only on one side of the thin-sheet picket element (front or back) with the possibility of placing the specified panel between two adjacent metal picket elements in the fixing edges are necessary conditions for achieving a technical result. Otherwise, locking sockets placed on different sides can make it almost impossible to effectively fix the panel (which will be placed skewed) or (in the general case of a standard picket fence profile) such a picket fence (with fixing sockets on different sides) cannot be properly fixed to the joists. The metal fence profiles are oriented in the same way with their sides to the log (for example, for all metal fence elements, the outer surface of the upper shelves faces the log). The bottom flange is defined as the anchoring socket flange that is closer to the surface of the side of the profile (on which the fixing socket is located) than the top flange.

The working width of polycarbonate panels - HPR - is defined as the width of the open part of the panel - (i.e. that part of the panel installed in the fence, which is not covered by the shelves of the fixing nest). It coincides with the distance between adjacent picket fences (i.e. no more than 15-22 cm). The working width of the panel HPR=HP-2HMAX (where HMAX is selected as the maximum value from H1 and H2), HP is the total width of the installed panel. Thus, the maximum HP of the panel (when H1=H2=40=4 cm and the distance between the fences is 22 cm) is 30 cm. Such a panel is considered narrow (its height (length) can significantly exceed its width). The maximum possible practical height of the panel is equal to the height of the pickets and does not exceed 2-2.5 meters (and usually more than 50 cm). Polycarbonate panels can be of various designs - both from cellular polycarbonate according to (GOST R 56712-2015) - thin-sheet (with a thickness of up to 12 mm) and from heavy (dense) monolithic (cast) polycarbonate, which is produced in the form of rectangular sheets in range from 2 mm to 12 mm.

The upper ledge of the edge of the polycarbonate panel installed in the fixing socket is considered to be the extreme part of the edge of the panel adjacent to (or facing) the part of the surface of the upper shelf of the fixing socket, and accordingly, the bottom ledge is the extreme part of the edge adjacent (or facing) to the part of the surface of the lower shelf of the fixing socket.

In this application, a picket fence means vertically oriented (deviation from the vertical position up to 20-35 degrees - also considered vertical)) metal fence elements (profiled steel strips) fences that are mounted on a frame of pillars and logs (horizontal extended elements - usually metal with a rectangular cross section), and adjacent metal picket elements are placed at a distance of no more than 22 cm from each other (in many practical cases, from about 2 to 15 cm).

Cold-rolled steel (sheets according to GOST 19903-2015). Cold rolled steel is low carbon steel produced by "cold rolling" and processed at a temperature close to normal. Cold rolled steel goes through rolling, a process where the metal is passed through rolls at a temperature below its recrystallization temperature. An example of such picket steel (for example, according to GOST 14918-80) is steel 08ps according to GOST 9045-93.

Brief description of the drawings

Fig. 1 Metal profile installed in a metal fence.

Fig. 2 Scheme of loads and displacements of a metal profile with a panel operating under conditions of wind loads and temperature changes.

Fig. 3 A variant of the design of a metal picket fence with a polymeric polycarbonate panel (three-dimensional view).

Fig. 4 A variant of the construction of a metal picket fence with a polymeric polycarbonate panel and an additional flexible panel (3D view).

Fig. 5 An example of one of the shaping transitions (with the help of a pair of profiling rolls) used in the formation of a given profile from strips.

Fig. 6 Polycarbonate panel placed between two metal fence elements (cross section).

Fig. 7 Variant of the metal profile ("flat" profile") in 3D.

The list of positions in Fig. 1-7.

1. Thin-sheet picket element (profile).

2. Fixing socket.

3. Lower shelf of the fixing socket.

4. Upper shelf of the fixing socket.

5. Edge of the top shelf of the fixing socket.

6. Lag fencing.

7. Fastener

8. Panel element made in the form of a polycarbonate panel.

9. Additional flexible panel.

10. A variant of the construction of a metal fence with two adjacent metal fence elements with "adjoining" locking sockets 15 and 16 closest to each other.

11. An example of a fixing socket, which (unlike socket 16 located on the same metal picket) is not mated to socket 15 for design option 10.

12. A pair of rolls 12 used in the first bending transition during the initial formation of a metal picket profile in roll forming equipment.

13. Intermediate workpiece of a metal profile at the first bending transition in the profiling equipment.

14. The gap between the rolls 12, through which the intermediate workpiece for the metal profile passes.

15. Fixing socket on the metal fence profile, coupled with the fixing socket 16 on the adjacent metal fence profile.

16. Fixing socket on the metal fence profile, coupled with the fixing socket 15 on the metal fence profile adjacent to it.

17. The side of the fence forming the front surface of the metal fence profile.

18. Side of the fence forming the back surface of the metal fence profile.

19. Stiffening ribs of the metal fence element (for the case of a flat profile).

20. Upper protrusion of the vertical edge of the polycarbonate panel 8.

21. Lower protrusion of the vertical edge of the polycarbonate panel 8.

Implementation of the utility model

The design features of the claimed metal picket element are as follows:

The thin-sheet metal picket element (see Fig. 1) (profile) 1 is made in such a way that it has locking sockets 2 on one side with top 4 and bottom shelves 3 along both vertical edges of the profile 1. The top and bottom shelves essentially form the groove of the fixing nest (for example, the upper flange 4 in the area of its bend towards the lower flange forms the upper part of the rear wall of the groove, and the lower 3 forms, respectively, the lower part of the rear wall of the groove in the locking seat with a C-shaped cross section). Profile 1 has two sides - the first and second sides 17 and 18 (respectively, the front surface and the back surface, i.e. facing the corresponding surface of the log 6). Nests 2 can be made identical and placed symmetrically about the longitudinal axis of symmetry of the picket fence on one side of the metal picket element (rear or front). In FIG. 1 shows the placement of sockets 2 on the back side 18. The edge of the upper shelf 5 of the fixing socket is made rolled. The metal fence profile 1, when used in a metal fence, is fixed on the log 6 with the help of fasteners 7 (for example, a self-tapping screw). Fasteners, depending on the orientation of the lag profile (or its shape), can be placed both in the center of the fence profile (Fig. 1) and closer to the edges of the fence (Fig. 3). There are gaps between the vertically mounted metal fence elements (profiles) of the fence, between which panels are installed and each panel is installed between adjacent metal fence profiles (see Fig. 3.6). At the same time, "conjugated" - i.e. the locking sockets 15 and 16 closest to each other, respectively, of the first and second (adjacent) metal picket elements in the picket fence are made in such a way (oriented) that when panel 8 is installed between two adjacent metal picket elements, panel 8 will be fixed between them when the vertical edges of the panel are placed in the corresponding fixing sockets of adjacent metal-staple profiles 15, 16, namely, in the locking sockets of the profiles closest to each other (see Fig. 6). Essentially, such an orientation of said locking sockets means that the open slots (holes) of the closest sockets of adjacent metal picket elements face each other.

In FIG. 3, a variant of the design of a metal fence 10 with an installed polycarbonate panel 8 is considered in a three-dimensional view, namely, two adjacent metal fence elements with "conjugated" fixing sockets 15 and 16 closest to each other, fixed on two parallel logs 6. The fixing socket 11, in contrast to socket 16 located on the same metal picket is not mated to socket 15 on another metal picket.

In FIG. 4 shows a part of a metal fence with a polymeric polycarbonate panel 8 and two additional flexible panels 9, one of which is shown in a partially shifted position relative to one of the metal fence elements 1 for a better understanding of the panel fixation method. The fixing slots of the metal picket element are made so that they have the possibility of additional fixation of the side vertical edges of the additional flexible panel 9 (made, for example, from a flexible polymer material) when it is placed between the fixing slots of one metal picket element. The possibility of such fixation of flexible panels is due to such a variant of the C-shaped design of the fixing nests, which forms additional grooves facing each other on one metal-flying element, which can fix the edges of an additional flexible panel. Such flexible panels 9, in addition to the decorative function of closing, for example, the back side of a metal-panel element, give additional rigidity to the panel and partially protect it from external influences, which also prolongs the profile life and, to a certain extent, the efficiency of the elastic fastening of the polycarbonate panel. An example of another version of the profile ("flat") with several stiffeners 19 obtained by the method of roller profiling is shown in Fig. 7.

In FIG. 2 shows a diagram of the loads and displacements of a metal profile with a panel, which makes it possible to understand the behavior of the metal fence element 1 under conditions of wind loads and temperature changes, a, b, c - displacement of profile elements with locking nests when loads change. Fw - an example of a force load - the total mechanical external influences on the metal picket and panel 8 (for example, strong wind and snow air currents). Fs-forces associated with the processes of thermal expansion / contraction of a polycarbonate panel. The metal picket element works as an elastic device, simultaneously providing compensation for changes in the linear dimensions of polycarbonate panels while maintaining rigid fixation associated with fluctuations in ambient temperature, and its reliable elastic fixation under various elastic deformations of the profile (including mechanical vibrations) under conditions of exposure to strong snow and ice. wind load. Due to the presence of thin-metal elastic lower and upper shelves of the fixing nest (thickness from 0.3 to 0.8 mm and providing them with the specified immersion depths H1 and H2 of the vertical edges of the panel), the elastic clamping force for the vertical edges of each polycarbonate panel is chosen in such a way that the corresponding elastic fixation of the edges of the panels is ensured throughout the entire range of seasonal temperature fluctuations (winter-summer) and in combination with snow and wind loads. For example, panels are securely fixed between profiles at external temperatures from -30°С to +50°С in combination with very strong wind (up to 25 m/s) or snow-wind loads typical of the middle lane, as well as with sharp daily temperature changes ( 10-20°) and at the same time with strong snow and wind loads on the panel, in particular, dense snow wind with a speed of up to 25 m/s). Excessive thickness of the metal-staple profile (and, accordingly, excessively rigid fixation of the edges of the panels) can lead to problems with the reliability of the elastic fixation of the polycarbonate panel (and even possible damage to the edges of the panels during operation under high wind loads and even during installation). A profile that is too thin (less than 0.3 mm) cannot securely fix the panel either. Such a range of thicknesses (not more than 0.8 mm) provides the necessary conditions for effective vertical manual displacement of the panel (i.e., the optimal level of shear forces of the worker when the panels are displaced) during operation or installation / dismantling of panels.

A necessary condition for effective long-term fixation (and at the same time easy adjustment of the position relative to the profile) of the polycarbonate panel 8 is the execution of the profile in such a way that it ensures the placement of the edges of the panel in a certain specified range of immersion depths of the lower ledge of the vertical edge 21 of the panel 8 (depth H2) and the upper ledge of the vertical edges 20 of the panel 8 (depth H1) into the groove of the locking device (locking socket) (see Fig. 1). It should be noted that the edges of the honeycomb polycarbonate panel inside the fixing socket can be strongly deformed, and thus their additional ("reinforced") elastic fixation can be provided. For each specific version of the shape of the nest, the picket fence (and the features of its attachment to the lags) and the thickness (weight) of the panel, the indicated clamping force can be selected more accurately only empirically (an exact theoretical calculation is difficult).

An example implementation of the utility model

To implement the profiling process for the formation of metal-panel elements (profiles) with fixing nests, a variant of a bending and rolling machine with a special roller forming tool has been developed. The specified roll forming equipment works by the method of cold longitudinal rolling: rolls of a specially selected shape bend the steel sheet, forming waves and stiffeners. The entire molding cycle is performed in one run and on one machine. The essence of the profiling process is the sequential change in the shape of the cross-section of the strip (the original flat metal strip) when it passes through a series of rotating towards each other, sequentially installed pairs of rolls and / or rollers (drawing the sheet metal through the stand with rollers). The bending of the strip material is performed in several transitions - first, a profiled workpiece with radii larger than the specified ones is obtained, and then a profile of the final section shape with small relative radii. This shape remains unchanged along the entire length of the sheet. Thus, the bending of the tape (sheet) into the required profile is carried out in a roll forming mill in one operation by several successively arranged pairs of rolls and/or rollers. The number of pairs of rollers (used in the final transitions) and their geometric orientation relative to each other and the rolled strip determine the geometric parameters of the locking seat.

In FIG. 5 shows an example - the first shaping transition with a pair of rolls 12 used on the first bending transition in the initial formation of the profile (with "intermediate" profile shape) with locking pockets. Position 13 is an intermediate blank of a metal profile at the first bending transition in profiling equipment (conditionally "zero" transition is just a flat strip). Billet - strip passes through the gap 14 between the rolls. For the final shaping of the fixing socket, special forms of rollers (and rolls) have been developed with the required geometric parameters and such an orientation relative to the strip, which makes it possible to form, for example, a C-shaped (bent) profile of the fixing socket (this is an open profile - a metal profile of an open section). The profile itself can be characterized as a double-sided open C-shaped profile, which is formed by the same locking sockets on each of its two vertical edges (sides). The vertical edges of the profile can be made rolled (edges/shelf edges rolled). At the same time, such an orientation of the fixing nests is provided, in which the open parts of the profile of each nest are turned in different directions, symmetrical relative to each other with a longitudinal axis of symmetry passing along the length of the profile) and located on one side of the metal picket element. Such a feature of the profile design ensures reliable installation of the panel between two adjacent metal-staple elements. Such a profile ensures the preservation of the quality of the shelves of the fixing nest (the stability of their shape), and the polymer coating of the metal picket elements. In this profile, each fixing socket of the metal picket element has a C-shape in cross section. The C-type profile makes it possible to reduce the likelihood of damage to the panels during their installation and further improves the quality of the vertical regulation of the position of the panels relative to the picket profile (during the operation of the fence). All these factors additionally contribute to the provision of long-term (more than a year) rigid two-sided fixation of the edges of polycarbonate panels. For the production of a profile, modernized (with an additional stand with specially shaped rollers) standard roll forming equipment for the production of metal profiles for picket fences by the method of cold profiling from galvanized steel with a paint and varnish decorative and protective coating in accordance with GOST 30246-94 can be used. The galvanizing level was preferably at least 140 g/m ² .

Profile tests were carried out on frequently used variants of metal picket fences with thin metal profiles (for example, a flat profile, M and P-type profiles), including racks, logs, mainly vertically oriented metal pickets (located at a distance of no more than 22 cm (main range - from about 2 to 10 cm)), having a profile with protruding fixing sockets (various modifications - in the form of an elastically closing fork - i.e. with closing upper and lower shelves (when installing the edge of the panel - the shelves move apart)), Z, P - and C-shaped profiles of fixing sockets). In both cases, the outer layer of the fence could have a protective polymer coating. Picket fences were of various widths and heights (up to 2-2.5 m). The metal fence (profile) was made of thin rolled cold-rolled steel (thickness from 0.3 mm to 0.8 mm), in particular, with an anti-corrosion coating (polymer coating, galvanized steel). In fences, rolled steel could be used, for example, according to GOST 14918-80 (THIN SHEETS ZINCED WITH CONTINUOUS LINES), GOST 52246-2004 up to 1.5 mm thick. We considered, for example, standard picket fences made of galvanized steel with a polymer coating in rolls and sheets of steel 08ps, which behaves correctly in the elastic deformation zone, that is, it perceives a typical load on a metal fence in such a way that after it, either does not change in its shape, or changes, but returns to its previous state immediately after the load is removed. It is also possible to use steel grade 08kp.

When testing, panels were used either from heavier monolithic (solid) polycarbonate used for the manufacture of acoustic screens, LEXAN™ polycarbonate type panels, multilayer polycarbonate panels corresponding to GOST R 56712-2015 (Multilayer polycarbonate panels. Specifications. Standard date 2016- 05-01). Panels up to 43 cm wide were used from cellular polycarbonate sheets from different manufacturers, in the range of specific weight (which is also called in the literature and surface density) from 0.8 kg / m2 to 3.7 kg / m2, in particular, they were used from a panel of sheets of the Yug- Oil-Plast Ecopol 6. The back side of the panels is defined during installation as the outer side, the outer surface of which faces the above-mentioned flat side of the log during installation (and, accordingly, part of the back surface of the panel adjoins it if the panel is installed in the working position). To create various test options, several hundred metal-panel profile elements were made (mainly by the profiling method - but other methods of forming profiles were also tested (for example, sheet bending fixtures)) and polycarbonate fence panels up to 50 cm wide. The main range for the full width of the panel was from 2 to 30 cm. The tests were carried out in various weather conditions, including cold winter conditions with very strong winds and snow, including cases of panel weighting due to adhering snow and ice. High dynamic loads on the fence (especially in combination with strong snow impact and storm wind of 20-25 m/s) caused large power loads on the picket fences, in particular due to the randomness of the wind directions - both along the axis of the supports, but also across the fence. When using the optimal parameters of the metal picket elements specified in the present invention, the rigid fixation of the panels was maintained for a long time of testing. The probability of loss of rigid fixation of the installed panels within a year from the moment of installation of the panels is practically zero (less than 0.25%, taking into account the test data of several hundred metal-staple profiles with panel elements between them in control fences). The elastoplastic properties of the shelves of the locking nest of a thin metal profile made of cold-rolled steel (in particular, cold-rolled galvanized steel with a polymer coating) in the picket fence contributed to an additional increase in the effective fixation of the edge in the corresponding groove of the locking nest (formed by the inner surfaces of the upper and lower shelves). The panel was securely fixed (in particular, due to friction forces, elastic pressing forces) over the entire area of the interface of the panel with the picket fence profile for a year or more.

Additionally, the following can be noted. When the edges of the polycarbonate panel are located in the volume (groove) of the fixing socket protected from atmospheric influences and are adjacent along their entire length to the vertically elongated fixing socket, then such a design for connecting the panel to the profile ensures, under external loads on the panel, fairly uniform distribution of mechanical stresses in the mating area picket fence with a panel (reducing the maximum stresses in the structure helps to prevent premature destruction of the panels). Thus, the possibility of additional microcracks in the panel in the joint area can be reduced, which leads to a decrease in the likelihood of damage or destruction of the panel. Due to the rigid and enveloping fixation by the fixing socket of the edges, durable protection against external influences of the parts of the end edges of the panels is provided. The specified combination of features in the proposed design of the metal picket element makes it possible to avoid the use of fasteners and provides a "distributed" connection of the panel with vertically oriented metal picket fences with a fairly uniform distribution of stresses in the area of the picket fence and polymer panel. This additionally improves the durability of the connection, and also provides the possibility of thermal expansion and movement of materials relative to each other without large deformations and destruction of the panels. Note that the use of fixing sockets (which are also stiffeners) increases the rigidity of standard picket fences. For example, on a modernized M-shaped picket fence, it provides an increase in the number of stiffeners from 4 to 6 - which ensures an increase in its rigidity compared to a standard M-profile (without fixing sockets).

One of the main purposes of the profile is the use in fencing of country houses and country estates, for example, in fencing plots of land with fruit and berry crops to protect against wind and precipitation. The production of such a profile - i.e. a fence with panel clamps (fixing sockets) can be quickly adjusted on an industrial scale. The cost of serial production of a fence with panel clamps is almost the same as the cost of manufacturing a similar serial well-known fence, however, fences according to the utility model have extended functionality for the consumer compared to any existing serial modern profiles used for fences.

Claims (9)

1. Metal fencing profile with fixing devices for panel elements, containing two fixing devices for panel elements, each of which is configured to fix the vertical edge of a polycarbonate panel element, characterized in that the above profile is made of cold-rolled steel and is a thin-sheet metal picket element fence with a thickness of 0.3 mm to 0.8 mm, having two sides and two vertical edges, while on each of the vertical edges the above-mentioned fixing device for panel elements is made in the form of a vertically elongated fixing socket containing the upper and lower shelves, with in this case, the locking nests are made on one side of the metal-flying element, while each locking nest is made with the possibility of elastic fixation between its upper and lower shelves of the vertical edge of the corresponding panel element, made in the form of a polycarbonate panel from the back specified thickness h, satisfying the condition 0.3 mm ≤ h ≤ 12 mm, and with the above elastic fixation, the conditions 2 mm ≤ H1 ≤ 40 mm and 2 mm ≤ H2 ≤ 40 mm are met, where H2 is the depth determined by the distance from the border of the bottom edge shelves to the lower protrusion of the vertical edge of the polycarbonate panel, and H1 is the depth determined by the distance from the border of the edge of the upper shelf to the upper protrusion of the vertical edge of the polycarbonate panel, while placing the above polycarbonate panel between the adjacent first and second metal fence elements, the fixing elements closest to each other nests, respectively, of the first and second metal fence elements provide the possibility of the above fixing of the corresponding vertical edges of the above polycarbonate panel. 2. Profile according to claim 1, characterized in that each fixing socket of the metal picket element has a C-shape in cross section. 3. Profile according to claim. 1, characterized in that the metal picket element is formed from strips, and each locking seat is formed using roller profiling. 4. The profile according to claim 1, characterized in that the metal picket element is made of galvanized cold-rolled steel with a polymer coating. 5. Profile according to claim 1, characterized in that the fixing sockets of the metal picket element are made with the possibility of fixing the side vertical edges of the additional flexible panel when it is placed between the fixing sockets of one metal picket element. 6. The profile according to claim 1, characterized in that the width of the metal picket element is from 65 mm to 80 mm, and its thickness is from 0.35 mm to 0.5 mm. 7. Profile according to claim 1, characterized in that at least four longitudinal stiffening ribs are formed on the metal picket element. 8. Profile according to claim. 1, characterized in that the edge of the upper shelf of the fixing socket of the metal picket element is rolled. 9. Profile according to claim 1, characterized in that H1 and H2 satisfy the conditions 2 mm ≤ H1 ≤ 10 mm and 2 mm ≤ H2 ≤ 10 mm, and h satisfies the condition 0.3 mm ≤ h ≤ 5 mm.

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