RU2107462C1 - Method for predicting health state disorders in junior age pupils in primary school - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine. SUBSTANCE: method involves determining level of mental working capacity by means of proofreading tests taken at the seventeenth week of the first school year in special purpose schools with fundamental course of foreign language. Accuracy coefficient value is calculated. The score value being less than 60, children health state disorders like drop in vision acuity, developing neurotic responses, lack in body mass increment at the second school year are predicted. EFFECT: enhanced reliability of prediction. 1 tbl

Description

 The invention relates to medicine, namely to pediatrics, allows to predict possible violations of the health status of primary schoolchildren under the influence of increased teaching load in schools with in-depth study of a foreign language.

 The necessity of the method is justified by the high frequency of health disorders of primary schoolchildren, and especially students of the 2nd grade of specialized schools, because it is during this period that their body is exposed to an increased educational load associated with the beginning of intensive study of a foreign language. The leading manifestations of children's health disorders in this are frequent acute respiratory viral infections, neurotic reactions, decreased visual acuity, anomaly in posture, and insufficient weight gain. We found that in second-graders of a specialized school, these health disorders are diagnosed 2-3 times more often than in children of a regular comprehensive school.

 The closest in essence to the proposed method relates to a method for predicting a failure to adapt to the beginning of schooling at 7-year-old first-graders by calculating the sum of diagnostic coefficients of 21 factors of social and biological history using a formalized table compiled using Wald's sequential analysis. If the value of the sum of diagnostic coefficients is more than +13, a forecast is made about the unfavorable course of adaptation.

The disadvantages of the prototype are:
1 - the ability to predict only pronounced neurotic reactions, and not health disorders in the form of frequent acute respiratory viral infections, decreased visual acuity, postural abnormalities, insufficient body weight gain;
2 - the forecast is based on socio-biological factors; cultural level, social status of parents, errors in raising a child, etc. These factors are unstable and clinically unverified material. Evaluation of history data to determine diagnostic coefficients is largely subjective:
3 - the high complexity of the method, determined by the need to evaluate a large number of features (more than 20);
4 - the accuracy of the prototype method when it is tested by the proposed method is 60%.

 The proposed method is devoid of these drawbacks, because to predict violations of the health status of primary schoolchildren, one objective indicator is used - the accuracy factor of mental performance (i), which characterizes the child’s adaptability to learning. Attention is drawn to the simplicity of the method and its availability for mass screening of first-graders.

 The purpose of the invention is improving the accuracy of the forecast.

 This goal is achieved by the fact that the critical values of the indicators of mental performance of primary schoolchildren are determined at the 17th week of the first school year by conducting proof-reading tests on the tables of Anfimov. The accuracy coefficient of work (i) is calculated and, if it is less than 60 points, adverse health conditions of children are predicted during the 2nd year of study, during the period when intensive study of a foreign language begins.

 The novelty of the method lies in the fact that for the first time the level of mental performance was used to predict possible health problems of younger students in a specialized school with intensive study of a foreign language, where the workload is obviously greater than in a regular comprehensive school. The critical values of the accuracy coefficient i (60 points) and the optimal forecasting terms (17th week of the 1st academic year) were determined.

где
a - количество проверенных заданных знаков;
b - количество пропущенных заданных знаков;
c - количество допущенных ошибок;
d - количество всех знаков в проверенном тексте.The method is as follows:
At the 17th week of the 1st academic year (end of the 2nd quarter of the 1st grade), on Friday, after the 3rd lesson, the level of children's mental performance is determined by the results of corrective tests. Corrective tests are carried out according to the Anfimov curly tables with a volume of 100 characters. Working with tables for a specific task is performed for 2 minutes. The results of corrective testing were evaluated by the following indicators: quantitative - the number of characters viewed and qualitative - the number of errors made. For these indicators, the integral indicator was calculated: accuracy coefficient (i) M.V. Antropova (1977). The calculation was carried out according to the formulas

Where
a is the number of checked specified characters;
b is the number of missing preset characters;
c is the number of mistakes made;
d is the number of all characters in the checked text.

 With an i value of less than 60 points, children's health conditions were predicted during their transition to intensive foreign language learning in the form of frequent SARS, neurotic reactions, decreased visual acuity, and insufficient body weight gain at the 2nd year of schooling.

 Example 1. Anisimov Semen, 7 years old. At the 17th week of the 1st year of study, the coefficient of accuracy of work (i) is 17.7 points (less than 60 points). An adverse change in health status in the 2nd grade is predicted. At the 2nd year of schooling, the boy suffered from ARVI 5 times, insufficient weight gain (less than 1,500 g per year) was noted, a significantly expressed neurotic reaction (somatovegetative, asthenic, phobic syndromes) developed. The forecast was confirmed.

 Example 2. Marintsev Vova, 7 years old. At the 17th week of the 1st academic year, the coefficient of accuracy of work (i) is 120.5 points (more than 60 points). The absence of health disorders was predicted in the 2nd year of study. In the 2nd grade, health disorders did not form. The forecast was confirmed.

 A total of 46 children were examined during the first two years of training in a specialized school. The results show that the proposed method allows to predict violations of the health status of primary schoolchildren with an accuracy of 90%, which is higher than the accuracy of the prototype method (60%) - see table.

Significant differences of the method:
1. Use for predicting one objective indicator - the accuracy factor of mental performance (i), which characterizes the child’s adaptability to learning.

 2. Application in a specialized school with in-depth study of a foreign language.

The advantages of the proposed method:
1. Improving the accuracy of the forecast up to 90% (according to the prototype - 60.7%).

 2. The simplicity of the method and the availability for mass examination of first graders.

Claims (1)

A method for predicting a violation of the health status of primary schoolchildren by quantitatively assessing the level of mental performance, characterized in that the level of mental performance is determined by proofreading using Anfilov's curly tables at the seventeenth week of the first year of schooling with an in-depth study of a foreign language, accuracy coefficient i is calculated by the formula

where a is the number of checked specified characters;
b is the number of missing preset characters;
c is the number of mistakes made;
d is the number of all characters in the checked text,
and if the coefficient value is less than 60 points, children’s health status is predicted in the second year of study during the period when intensive study of a foreign language begins.

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