RU2194870C2 - Method of operation and design of gas turbine plant with complex system of deep recovery of heat and production of harmful effluents - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: heat power engineering. SUBSTANCE: for implementing proposed method, air is cleaned, heated or cooled in surface water-to-air heat exchanger, then is compressed in compressor with injection of water and is fed into combustion chamber whereto fuel is fed and water is injected. Combustion products are expanded in turbine with generation of electric energy and then are directed into afterburning chamber. Combustion products, thus formed, are directed successively into water economizer or steam ducts, thus formed, are directed successively into water economizer or steam generator, surface or direct-contact surface condenser, surface gas-to-water heat exchanger, noise silencer and smoke stack. Design peculiarity of proposed plant is that it is furnished with heat accumulator divided into hot and cold parts, water economizer or steam generator being connected with hot part of heat accumulator, and surface or direct-contact surface condenser being connected both with hot and with cold part of heat accumulator, and dryer is connected with cold part of heat accumulator. Invention makes it possible to increase power output 2-2.5 times, increase efficiency to 0.6-0.7, and fuel utilization factor to 0.85-0.90 and to reduce amount of harmful effluents 3 - 3 times. EFFECT: increased power output, reduced contamination of ambient atmosphere. 64 cl, 5 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to the field of heat engineering and can be used in stationary power and drive gas turbine plants burning gas and liquid organic fuel.

 Known similar devices and methods for working with the regeneration or utilization of heat of exhaust gases in the cycle of the installation itself. These installations include gas turbine engines with energy and environmental injection of steam or water (L. Yaskin. Gas turbine engines with energy injection of steam // Energy construction. 1990. 2. S. 67-73). In them, steam or water is supplied to the combustion chamber and to the low pressure turbine. Injection of steam produced in the boiler by utilizing the heat of the exhaust gases increases the capacity of these plants by 50–90%, efficiency by 20–60%, significantly reduces the temperature of the gases in front of the turbine or turbines, and reduces the amount of nitrogen oxide emissions by several times.

 The disadvantages of these plants are the need for high-quality water that does not contain mineral compounds, and lower efficiency compared to the efficiency of combined cycle plants.

 The closest in technical essence and the achieved effect to the proposed method is the method of operation of a gas turbine engine (Russian patent 2097590, CL F 02 C 3/14. The method of operation of a gas turbine engine / M. A. Pikin, L.K. Khokhlov // Discovery. Inventions. 1997. 3), which increases its efficiency and environmental friendliness. It is adopted as a prototype.

 This engine includes a compressor, a combustion chamber, a gas turbine, an afterburner (afterburner), an outlet nozzle, air ducts and pipelines for water injection.

 The method is as follows.

 Air from the atmosphere is supplied to the compressor, part of the compressed air to the maximum pressure enters the combustion chamber, where fuel is supplied. In the combustion chamber, fuel is burned with an excess air coefficient of 0.4 ÷ 0.6, depending on the required temperature of the resulting combustion products at the entrance to the gas turbine. Further, the products of combustion in a gas turbine are burned up with an increase in the coefficient of excess air to 0.8 due to the selected portions of air from the corresponding stages of the compressor through the ducts. Further, the products of incomplete combustion of fuel are introduced into the afterburner, where they are burned up with an excess air coefficient of more than 1 by supplying air from the compressor through the corresponding duct. Then, the products of complete combustion of fuel through the outlet nozzle are emitted into the atmosphere. In forced mode, the amount of fuel supplied to the combustion chamber is reduced, and the temperature of the combustion products at the exit from it is controlled by water injection in the compressor stage and / or this chamber.

 The main disadvantages of this prototype are the need for a large amount of water purified from mineral impurities, which is not regenerated from flue gases, loss of heat with water removed into the atmosphere along with the combustion products, a decrease in the rate of fuel combustion in the combustion chamber due to a decrease in the excess air coefficient in the combustion zone is less than unity, lower engine efficiency due to afterburning of a significant amount of fuel in the turbine and afterburner, since it is energetically beneficial to burn all fuel in the combustion chamber tions, and use two methods for reducing the gas temperature in the combustion chamber - a decrease of the air excess ratio is below 1, and water injection when the second method is more favorable energetically first.

 The closest in technical essence and the achieved effect to the proposed device is a power plant with deep cooling of the combustion products, designed to increase its efficiency (AS Russia 1040192, class F 01 K 25/00. Power plant with deep cooling of the combustion products / A.N. Lozhkin and V. B. Gribov // Discoveries. Inventions. 1983. 33). It is accepted as a prototype.

 This power plant contains a compressor, a generator of combustion products (combustion chamber), a gas turbine with an electric generator, a pressure (recuperative) economizer, a turbo-expander of combustion products with an electric generator, a surface (recuperative) heat exchanger, and a fuel gas turbine expander with an electric generator.

 Power installation works as follows.

 Compressed air and fuel gas are supplied to the generator of combustion products from the compressor and the fuel gas turbine expander, respectively, where the fuel is burned. The resulting combustion products are fed into a gas turbine, where they are triggered and set in motion this turbine, and with it a compressor and an electric generator. After a gas turbine operating with a counteraction of 0.2-0.35 MPa, the gases pass successively arranged boiling, dry and wet stages of the pressure economizer, where the heat carrier is heated. Next, the cooled combustion products in this economizer are sent to the turbo-expander of the combustion products, where they do the work that is used to generate electricity in the electric generator. After the turboexpander, the cooled gases are supplied to the consumer refrigeration units. The heated coolant in the pressure economizer is sent to the heat exchanger, where it heats the fuel gas. Heated gas is fed into a fuel gas turbine expander, where, expanding, it does work, which is then converted into electricity in an electric generator.

 The main disadvantages of this prototype are a noticeable decrease in the efficiency of the power plant due to an increase in the gas pressure behind the gas turbine to 0.2 ÷ 0.35 MPa as a result of the installation of a turboexpander of combustion products, the dependence of the efficiency of the power plant on the outdoor temperature, as well as temperature, pressure and quantity fuel gas entering the heat exchanger, and combustion products leaving the gas turbine, reducing the fuel efficiency of the power plant due to lower temperature of the fuel gas when it expands rhenium in an expansion turbine supplied to the combustion chamber, and also increased temperature of the coolant after turboexpander combustion products as heat, a small quantity of fuel gas from the large volume of combustion products through the intermediate heat transfer medium is inadequate for efficient cooling of the combustion products in the pressure economizer before the turbo expander.

 The aim of the invention is to increase the power of gas turbine plants by 2 ÷ 2.5 times, efficiency to 0.6 ÷ 0.7 and fuel utilization factor to 0.85 ÷ 0.90, reduce the amount of harmful emissions into the atmosphere by 2 ÷ 3 times without consumption reagents and sorbents, monitoring and regulating the content of these emissions in the combustion products, increasing the efficiency of gas turbine plants at partial loads by coordinating the operation of turbines, heat exchangers and heat and mass transfer apparatuses, developing a system capable of working on gas and liquid fuels and posablivatsya to changes in environmental conditions, the preparation of synthetic water from the combustion products in an amount necessary and desired quality for technological needs and for consumers, as well as increasing the reliability of gas turbine plants.

 The purpose of the invention in the method of operation of a gas turbine installation is achieved by reducing the coefficient of excess air in the combustion zone and controlling it by the content of carbon monoxide and / or nitric oxide in the combustion products, lowering the temperature of the gases in the combustion chamber or combustion chamber of a high pressure, turbine or high pressure turbine by injection of water or steam and by controlling this temperature, increasing the power of a low pressure turbine or power turbine by injecting hot water or steam, cooling the combustion products start in a water economizer or steam generator, then in a surface or contact-surface heat exchanger and, finally, in a turboexpander and regulating their temperature after these devices, condensing and regenerating water from the combustion products, accumulating it in the cold and hot parts of the heat accumulator, regulating the condensation temperature water vapor, steam temperature, hot and cold water supplied to technological and third-party consumers, cooling water in the cold part of the battery with flue gases and the air entering the engine and controlling its temperature, increasing the condensate pH in the circulating circuits of hot and cold water by adding an aqueous solution of ammonia and regulating it, and also converting nitrogen and sulfur oxides to dioxides, and sulfur dioxide to sulfur, regulating this conversion and absorption by condensate.

 The purpose of the invention in the device of a gas turbine installation is achieved by the use of surface or contact-surface heat exchangers for cooling air at the suction, between compressors and before supplying to the combustion chamber, surface or contact-surface heat exchangers for cooling combustion products and condensation of water vapor from the combustion products; a water economizer or steam generator for recovering heat from the products of combustion, a heat accumulator for storing heat and condensate, divided into cold and hot parts, a turboexpander for deep cooling of the products of combustion, a desiccant and a surface gas-water heat exchanger to prevent condensation of water vapor on the walls of the duct, gas pipeline for recirculation of products combustion and air ducts for heating the flue gases with heated air in the compressor, as well as heat transfer temperature controllers flue gas pressure, the content of harmful substances in the products of combustion, the coefficient of excess air and the pH of the condensate.

 Gas turbine engines are available with various schemes, systems and equipment. They developed a unified integrated system for the deep utilization of heat and reduction of harmful emissions into the atmosphere, which may be acceptable for each of them with minor changes and improvements. The device and operation of this system as part of a gas turbine engine are described below.

 Figures 1, 2, 3 and 4 show two typical schemes of gas turbine engines, with which variants of an integrated system for deep heat recovery and reduction of harmful emissions into the atmosphere are implemented. Figures 1 and 2 show a typical scheme of a gas turbine engine single-shaft without regeneration and with heat recovery of flue gases, respectively, and Figures 3 and 4 show a twin-shaft with a blocked power turbine and a free turbocharger shaft. Figure 5 is a diagram of the regulation of the pH of the condensate in the circulation circuits of the system.

 The device of a gas turbine installation with an integrated system contains a compressor 1 (Fig. 1) and a gas turbine 2, between which there is a combustion chamber 3. The gas turbine 2 is connected to the load 4 by a mechanical connection. After the turbine in the gas path, a post-combustion chamber 5, a water economizer 6, a surface condenser 7, a surface gas-water heat exchanger 8, a noise muffler 9 and a chimney 10, which are connected by gas pipelines 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 and 16, are installed in series. a noise muffler 17 is located in the compressor, a surface water-air heat exchanger 18 is installed in front of it, then an air filter 20 is connected between this heat exchanger and the air intake device 20. They are interconnected by air ducts 21, 22, and 23, and with a compress rum - suction duct 24. To clean the fuel and its heating, a fine fuel filter 25 and a regenerative fuel heater 26 are installed, which are interconnected and with the combustion chamber by the fuel line 27. A device for controlling fuel consumption 28 is installed on this fuel line to accumulate heat and condensate The unit is equipped with a heat accumulator, which is divided into hot 29 and cold 30 parts. Pumps 31 and 32 are installed for supplying coolant from these parts. Pump 31 is connected by a suction water supply 33 to the hot part of the heat accumulator 29, and supply water 34 and 35 with a water economizer 6 and a process or third-party heat consumer 36. The water economizer 6 is connected to a regenerative fuel heater 26 by the water supply 37, with the combustion chamber 3 and with the gas turbine 1 by the water supply 38, 39 and 38, 40, respectively, as well as with the surface gas-water heat exchanger 8 by the water supply 41. The water supply 37 is regulated The temperature of the fuel 42 behind the recuperative fuel heater 26. The pump 32 is connected by a suction pipe 43 to the cold part of the heat accumulator 30, and by supply pipes 44, 45 and 46 with a surface condenser 7, compressor 1 and a surface water-air heat exchanger 18. The hot part of the heat accumulator 29 is connected supply pipelines 47, 48, 49, 50 and 51 with a technological or external heat consumer 36, recuperative fuel heater 26, surface gas-water heat exchanger 8 and surface condens by the atomizer 7. The cold part of the battery 30 is connected by a supply pipe 52 to a water-air surface heat exchanger 18. A suction pipe 24 is connected to a gas duct 16 by a pipe 53, on which an outdoor temperature controller 54 is supplied to the compressor. The fuel line 27 is connected to the afterburner 5 with a fuel line 55 on which a gas temperature controller 56 is installed in this chamber. The afterburner 5 is connected to the compressor 1 by an air duct 57 on which a regulator of carbon monoxide 58 in the combustion products behind this chamber is mounted. A device for regulating the air flow 59 is installed on the suction air duct 24, which, together with the fuel consumption regulating device 28, is connected to an excess air ratio regulator 60. The gas temperature regulators in the combustion chamber 61, gas turbine 62, at the mouth of the chimney 63 and behind the surface condenser 64 are installed on the supply pipelines 39, 40, 41 and 44. The water temperature regulator after the surface water-air heat exchanger 65 is installed on the supply pipe 46 of the surface water-air heat exchanger of the exchanger 18. The air temperature regulator after the compressor 66 is installed on the water pipe 45, which supplies cold water from the battery to the compressor. Gate valves 67 and 68 are used to drain sludge from the cold or hot part of the battery.

 In Fig.2, instead of a surface water-air heat exchanger, a contact-surface 69 is installed, structurally combined with an air cleaner and a noise muffler. It serves to heat, humidify and purify the air, as well as reduce its noise. Instead of a surface condenser, a contact-surface 70 is used. It is intended for more efficient cooling of the combustion products and condensation of water vapor when burning gas fuel. Behind the condenser, a turbo expander 71 is installed, connected mechanically to an electric generator 72. It serves to increase the gas pressure in front of the condenser and deeply cool the combustion products before the dryer 73. The gas pressure regulator 74 is connected to a device that changes the load of the electric generator 72. The regenerative air heater 74 is connected through an air supply air line 75 to compressor 1, and outlet 76 to the combustion chamber, for gas - inlet gas line 77 to the gas turbine 2, and outlet 78 - to the steam generator 79. After the regenerative air heater 74, a steam generator 79, a contact-surface condenser 70, then a turboexpander 71, a desiccant 73, a surface gas-water heat exchanger 8, a silencer 9 and a chimney 10, which are interconnected by gas pipelines 13, 14, 15, 16, 80, are installed in series. and 81. The heat exchanger of the integrated fuel preparation device (KUTP) 82 is connected to the pressure steam line 83 of the steam generator 79, on which the fuel temperature controller 42 is installed. The integrated fuel preparation device is connected to the turbine oh 1 discharge pipe 84, and with a combustion chamber 3 - fuel supply pipe 85, on which a device for controlling fuel consumption 28 is installed. The steam generator 79 is connected to the hot part of the battery 29 by a water pipe 33 through a pump 31 and a water pipe 34, on which a steam temperature controller 86 is installed The exhaust steam line 83 of the steam generator 79 is connected to the combustion chamber 3 by a steam line 87 on which a gas temperature controller in the combustion chamber 61 is mounted, and with a turbine 2 - a steam line 88 on which a steam pressure regulator is located 89. The spraying device and the water path of the surface water-air heat exchanger 69 are connected to the hot or cold part of the heat accumulator, depending on the temperature of the coolant in the cold part, by the water distribution pipes 89, 91, 92 and 93, or 90, 91, 92 and 93, respectively. A drain water supply 94 and a discharge 95 of this heat exchanger are connected to the cold part of the battery 30. An air temperature regulator 54, which is supplied to the compressor, is installed on a common water supply pipe 91. Managed shut-off devices 95-a and 96 are located on the water pipes 89 and 90. The spray device and the water path of the contact-surface condenser 70 are connected to the cold part of the battery by the supply pipes 43, 98 and 99 through the water pump 32. A gas temperature controller 100 is installed on the water pipe 98 after this condenser and turbo-expander 71. The drain water pipes 101 and the discharge condenser 102 are connected to the hot part of the battery 29. On the supply pipe 39 of the surface gas-water heat exchanger 8 there is a regulator a torus of water temperature 103 in the cold part of the battery 30 instead of the gas temperature regulator at the mouth of the chimney. A desiccant 73 is provided with a discharge pipe 104 connected to the cold part of the battery 30.

 In FIG. Figure 3 shows the device options for an integrated system of deep heat recovery and reduction of harmful emissions with a more complex typical two-shaft scheme, which includes low 105 and high 106 pressure compressors, low 107 and high 108 pressure turbines, combustion chamber 3, regenerative air heater 74 and load 4. Compressor and a low turbine and a compressor and a high pressure turbine are mounted on two shafts. The low-pressure compressor 105 is connected to the high-pressure compressor 106 by the duct 109, and the low-pressure turbine 107 is connected to the high-pressure turbine 108 by the gas duct 110. The high-pressure compressor 106 is connected to the combustion chamber 3 by the air duct 111 through a regenerative air heater 74. The combustion chamber 3 and the high turbine pressures 108 are connected by a gas pipeline 112. The gas turbine installation includes an integrated fuel preparation device (KUTP) 82, which serves to heat and purify fuel, an integrated air supply device HVAC 113, which is necessary for cleaning, humidifying, heating or cooling the air, as well as reducing its noise, a comprehensive gas treatment device (KUGP) 114, which serves to separate moisture from the combustion products, heat the flue gases above the dew point temperature and reduce their noise Integrated Condensate Disposal Unit (KUUK) 115, necessary for the preparation of semi-finished or commercial products and the recovery of reagents. After the low-pressure turbine, a regenerative air heater 74, a water economizer 6, a surface condenser 7, a turboexpander 71, an integrated gas treatment device 114, and a chimney 10, which are connected by gas pipelines 116, 117, 118, 119, 120, and 121, are arranged in series along the gas path. Turbo expander 71 mechanically coupled to the compressor shaft and low pressure turbine. The heat accumulator with hot 29 and cold 30 parts, as well as in the previous standard scheme, is included in the system and remains the unifying and connecting link of the entire complex system. The suction and pressure lines of the water pump 33 and 122 of the water pump 31 connect the hot part of the heat accumulator to the water economizer b, which serves to heat the hot water and supply it to the integrated fuel preparation device 82, spray devices in front of the combustion chamber 3 and the high-pressure gas turbine 108 through the water pipes 123 , 124, 125 and 126. At the water pipelines 124, 125 and 126, temperature controllers for the fuel 42, gases in the combustion chamber 61 and the turbine 62 are installed. The complex air preparation device 113 is connected to the hot and cold parts of the battery by suction 33 and 43 and pressure head 127 and 128 of the water pumps 31 and 32. The pressure water pipes 128 and 127 are connected, the latter has a water temperature regulator 129 supplied from the cold part of the battery 30. The complex device gas treatment 114 is also connected to the cold part of the battery by a suction 43 and pressure 131 water supply pipes of the pump 32 and the discharge water supply 132. A cold water temperature controller is installed on the pressure water supply 131 133 in battery. The integrated condensate recovery device 115 is connected to the cold part of the battery by a drain water line 134. A spray device 135 located on the gas pipeline 110 near the high-pressure turbine in the afterburning zone is connected to the integrated fuel preparation device 82 by the fuel line 136 on which the gas temperature controller 137 is installed in this zone. The afterburning zone is also connected to the high pressure compressor 106 via an air line 138, on which the carbon monoxide regulator 139 is located behind the low pressure turbine 107. Spray devices 140 and 141 located on the pressure air lines 109 and 111 of the low and high pressure compressors are connected to the cold part of the battery through a common water supply 43, a water pump 32 and distribution water pipes 142 and 143 and are used to cool and humidify the air supplied to the combustion chamber. On the water pipe 142, an air temperature controller 144 is installed in front of the high-pressure compressor, and on the water pipe 143 there is an air temperature controller 145 in front of the regenerative air heater 74. The pressure air pipe 109 of the low pressure compressor 105 is connected to the exhaust gas pipe 16 by the supply air pipe 146, on which the gas temperature controller 147 is installed at the mouth of the chimney 10. Recirculation gas line 148 is connected at one end to the exhaust gas line 16, and the other to the intake air pipe 149 of the compressor n viscous pressure. On the gas pipeline 148, a regulator of the coefficient of excess air 150 is installed for the content of nitric oxide behind the turboexpander 71.

 The scheme of device variants of a gas turbine installation with an integrated system for deep utilization and reduction of harmful emissions shown in FIG. 4, in contrast to the scheme in FIG. 3, is equipped with contact-surface air coolers 151 and 152 of low and high pressure installed after low and 105 high pressure compressors, respectively a contact-surface water-air heat exchanger 69 installed on the suction in front of the low-pressure compressor, a steam generator 79 located after the low-pressure gas turbine I, a contact-surface capacitor 70, mounted between the steam generator 79 and the turboexpander 71, connected to the electric generator 72 by mechanical coupling. The spray device and the water path of the contact-surface water-air heat exchanger 69 are connected by water pipes 92 and 93 to a supply water pipe 91, which is connected via a water pipe 127 to a hot water supply pump 31, and through a water supply 128 to a cold water supply pump 32. A water temperature regulator 129 is installed on the water supply 127, which is drained through the water supply 94 to the cold part. Contact-surface air coolers 151 and 152 together with contact-surface condenser 70 are used to heat tap water to the desired temperature. They are connected by water paths to each other by water pipelines 153 and 154, connected to a hot water consumer 36 by a water supply 155 and to a water supply pump 156 by a water supply 157. A hot water temperature regulator 158 is installed on the water supply 157. The spray device of the contact-surface condenser 70 is connected to the feed pump 32 cold water pipelines 128 and 159, on the last of them a gas temperature controller 160 is installed behind this condenser. The pallet of this condenser is connected by a drain water pipe 161 with a hot part of the battery 29. The spraying devices of the air coolers 151 and 152 are connected by a water pipe 162 and 163 to the hot water feed pump 31, and their pallets are connected by a drain water pipe 164 and 165 with a mixing tank 166, which is connected by a water pipe 167 to the hot part of the battery 29, and the water supply 168 to the heat consumer 169 through the pump 170. On the water supply 168, a regulator of the amount of consumed heat 171 is installed, and on the water pipes 162 and 163 - air temperature regulators 173 and 1 72. The steam generator 79 is connected to the hot part of the battery in the same way as in figure 2. The steam temperature controller 86 remains the same, the steam supply lines 87 and 83 to the combustion chamber 3 and the integrated fuel preparation device 82 are preserved together with the regulators 61 and 42 installed on them. The high-pressure gas turbine 108 is connected by steam lines 83 and 174 to the steam generator 79. On the gas temperature regulator in this turbine 175 is installed in the steam line 174. An integrated fuel preparation device 82 is connected to a low-pressure gas turbine 107 and to a gas pipe 78 behind this turbine, steam exhaust pipes 84 and 176, n and which are installed controlled shut-off devices 177 and 178, operating depending on the temperature of the exhaust steam. The air pipe 179 is connected at one end to the air pipe 180 near the air cooler 151, and the other to the gas pipe 13 near the steam generator. On the air duct 179, a nitric oxide content regulator 181 is installed behind the contact-surface condenser 70. The nitrous water supply pump 182 is installed on the water supply 183, its suction end is connected to the drain water supply 161 of this condenser, and the pressure end to the spray device of the gas pipeline 13 near the steam generator 79, when this on the water supply 183 is still a regulator of the content of sulfur dioxide 184 behind the contact-surface capacitor 70.

 In the circulating circuits of hot and cold water, mixers 185 and 186 are installed (Fig. 5), which are connected to the tank with an aqueous solution of ammonia 187 by water pipes 188 and 189. On these water pipes are located regulators of the pH of water 190 and 191 behind these mixers. A mixer 193 is installed on the drain water pipe 192, which is connected to a tank with an aqueous solution of ammonia 187 by a water pipe 194, on which the regulator of the pH of water 195 is located behind this mixer. A drain water supply 196 in the hot or cold part of the battery is connected to the integrated condensate recovery device 197.

 The method of operation of a gas turbine installation with an integrated system for the deep utilization of heat and reduction of harmful emissions into the atmosphere is carried out as follows.

Atmospheric air is taken through the air intake device 19 (Fig. 1) and is supplied through the air duct 23 to the air filter 20, where it is cleaned of dust and solid particles, then it is directed through the air duct 22 to a surface water-air heat exchanger 18, in which this air is heated or cooled in depending on its temperature, after which it is fed through the air duct 21 to the noise muffler 17, and from it through the air duct 24 to the compressor 1. In the muffler, the air noise arising at the inlet to the compressor is reduced. The air is heated before it enters the compressor by mixing the exhaust gases entering the inlet duct 24 through the gas line 53 from the gas line 16. The temperature of this air is regulated by a regulator 54 above the dew point temperature, by changing the amount of combustion products being mixed. Water from the cold part of the accumulator 30 is moved through the inlet 43 and 46 and the outlet water 52 through the surface air-water heat exchanger 18 under the influence of the pump 32. The temperature of the circulating coolant is regulated by the regulator 65 above its freezing temperature. The air in the compressor 1 is compressed, while its temperature rises. Air is cooled in the compressor by injection of water, which is supplied from the cold part of the battery by pump 32 through the water supply 45. The air temperature at the compressor outlet is regulated above the dew point temperature by regulator 66. Cooled and humidified air is supplied to combustion chamber 3. Fuel is also supplied to this chamber through the fuel line 27, which is heated in the fuel heater 26 before being fed and filtered in the filter 25. The temperature of this fuel is regulated by the regulator 42 by changing the amount of hot water passing from of the economizer 6 through the water supply 37 through this fuel heater to the hot part of the accumulator 29 through the water supply 48. The amount of incoming fuel and air into the combustion chamber is controlled by devices for changing the fuel consumption 28 and air 59 by command from the excess air ratio regulator 60. When burning gas and liquid fuels the controller supports the value of the coefficient of excess air equal to 1.02 ÷ 1.05 and 1.05 ÷ 1.10, respectively. To reduce the temperature of the gases in the combustion chamber to the determining one, water is supplied from the water economizer 6 through water pipes 38 and 39. The amount of incoming water is regulated by the regulator 61 according to the determining temperature of the gases in this chamber. The determining temperature is the temperature at which the combustion chamber operates reliably, the combustion products do not dissociate, and the content of nitrogen and carbon oxides is formed within acceptable limits. This temperature is determined by the test results of a gas turbine installation. From the combustion chamber 3, the gases enter the turbine 2, where they are triggered and drive the gas turbine, which transfers its power to the compressor 1 and the load 4. This turbine is also supplied with water from the water economizer 6 through water pipes 38 and 40 to reduce the temperature of the gases in it to the permissible by technical requirements. This temperature is regulated by the regulator 62. After the gas turbine, the gases are sent to the afterburner 5. This also receives air after the low-pressure compressor 1 into the air line 57 and heated and purified fuel through the fuel line 55. The amount of air supplied is regulated by the regulator 58 for the content or reduction of carbon monoxide content behind this chamber, and the amount of incoming fuel is changed by the regulator 56 depending on the temperature of the gases in the afterburning zone exceeding 700 ^o C. From the afterburning chamber, the combustion products are directed they are poured into a water economizer 6, where they heat water that is supplied to the combustion chamber 3, a gas turbine 2, a regenerative fuel heater 26 and a surface gas-water heat exchanger 8, and the remaining amount is drained into the hot part of the battery 29 through a water supply 48. Water is supplied to this economizer by a feed pump 31 from the hot part of the battery through water pipes 33 and 34. From the water economizer, the gases are sent via line 13 to the surface condenser 7, where they are cooled to a temperature below the dew point temperature. At the same time, water is supplied to the water path of this condenser through a water supply pipe 44 by a pump 32 from the cold part of the battery 30, and water and condensate are removed through water pipes 50 and 51 to the hot part of the battery. Further, from the condenser 7 through the gas pipeline 14, the exhaust gases are supplied to a surface gas-water heat exchanger 8, where water for heating gases is supplied from the water economizer 6 through the water supply 41, and is taken from it to the hot part of the battery 29 through the water supply 49. The amount of circulating heat carrier through this heat exchanger is regulated controller 63 for the temperature of the gases at the mouth of the chimney exceeding the dew point temperature. The heated gases enter through a gas pipe 15 into a noise muffler 9, and then through a gas pipe 16 and a chimney 10 they are removed into the atmosphere. Hot water to the heat consumer 36 is supplied by a pump 31 from the hot part of the battery through the plumbing 33 and 35, and is diverted through the plumbing 47 to the hot part again. The precipitate from the hot and cold parts of the battery is drained by opening the gate valves 67 and 68.

 In figure 2, the air from the intake device 19 through the air duct 23 is supplied to a contact-surface heat exchanger 69, where it is cleaned of dust and solid particles, moistened and heated or cooled, and also reduce its noise. Water is supplied to the spray device and the water path of this heat exchanger by a pump 32 from the cold part of the battery through the water pipes 43, 90, 91, 92 and 93, when its temperature exceeds significantly the freezing temperature, while the shut-off device 95 is closed and 96 is open. The temperature of the outside air in front of the compressor is controlled by a regulator 54 above the dew point temperature by changing the amount of circulating coolant through this heat exchanger. At negative outside temperatures, when the temperature of cold water approaches the freezing temperature, the shutter device 96 is closed, and 95 is opened and water is supplied from the hot part of the battery under the action of pump 31 through water pipes 33, 89, 91, 92 and 93 to the contact-surface a heat exchanger 69, where the incoming air is heated, the temperature of which is maintained above the dew point temperature by the controller 54 by changing the amount of circulating coolant through this heat exchanger. In both cases, water from the heat exchanger is diverted through the water pipes 94 and 95 to the cold part of the battery 30. The prepared air is supplied through the air pipe 24 to the compressor 1, where its temperature and pressure increase as a result of compression. In this compressor, the air is cooled and humidified by spraying water in the same way as described in the diagram of FIG. 1, then it is sent through the air duct 75 to the regenerative air heater 74, where its temperature is increased by transferring heat from the exhaust gases. Heated air is supplied to the combustion chamber 3. Here, fuel is also supplied, prepared in the integrated fuel preparation device 82 for combustion. In the fuel heater of this device, the fuel is heated with steam supplied from the steam generator 79 through the steam line 83. The amount of steam supplied is regulated by the controller 42 according to the temperature of the fuel entering the combustion chamber. The used steam is discharged from this complex device into the turbine via the steam line 84. In addition to air and fuel, steam is also supplied to the combustion chamber through the steam lines 83 and 87 from the steam generator 79 to reduce the temperature of the gases to the determining one. The amount of steam supplied is regulated by the controller 61 according to the temperature of the gases in the combustion chamber. When burning fuel, the excess air coefficient is regulated by regulator 60 according to the content or change in the content of carbon monoxide in the combustion products behind this chamber. At the same time, the fuel and air consumption is changed by regulating devices 28 and 59, respectively. From the combustion chamber 3, gases are supplied to the gas turbine 2, where steam is also supplied from the steam generator 79 and the integrated fuel preparation device 82. The amount of incoming steam is regulated by a regulator 89 according to the vapor pressure in the pressure steam line 83. The resulting vapor-gas mixture is activated in the gas turbine 2 and brings it to movement, and with it compressor 1 and load 4. Exhaust gases in the turbine are sent through gas line 77 to a regenerative air heater 74, where they heat the air, and from it through gas line 78 they are fed into a steam generator torus 79. Water is supplied to this steam generator by a pump 31 from the hot part of the battery through water pipes 33 and 34. The temperature of the steam is controlled by changing the amount of water supplied to it by the regulator 86. The cooled gases in the steam generator are cooled further in the contact-surface condenser 70, where they are supplied gas pipeline 13. Water is supplied to its spray device and water path by a pump 32 from the cold part of the accumulator 30 through water pipes 43, 98, and 99. Moreover, the controller 100 maintains the temperature of the gases behind this condenser below the temperature dew points, and beyond the turbine expander — above the freezing point of the condensate by changing the amount of coolant passing through it. The used water and condensate are discharged from the heat exchanger 70 through the water pipes 101 and 102 to the hot part of the battery 29. The exhaust gases are subjected to deeper cooling in the turboexpander 71, where they are supplied through the gas pipeline 14 from the contact-surface condenser 70. Moreover, the moisture from these gases is even greater it condenses, which is then separated in the dryer 73. The condensate from this dryer is drained into the cold part of the battery 30 through the water supply 104. Installing a turboexpander increases the gas pressure behind the gas turbine 2 and thereby reduces its capacity, but it increases the turboexpander work which is transmitted power generator. This increase in pressure favorably affects the increase in the temperature of condensation of water vapor and heat and mass transfer while maintaining the speed of movement of the coolant. The pressure of the combustion products behind the gas turbine is regulated by changing the load of the generator 72 by the regulator 74 at the desired temperature of condensation of water vapor. At a high outdoor temperature, when the temperature of the exhaust gases after the dryer drops below the temperature of the water in the cold part of the battery, they are used to cool this water in the surface gas-water heat exchanger 8, through which it circulates from the cold part of the battery through water pipes 43, 39, 49. When this, the temperature of the cold water in the battery regulate the controller 103 above its freezing temperature. At low outside temperatures, a surface gas-water heat exchanger is connected to the hot part of the battery and the flue gases are heated above their dew point temperature to prevent condensation of water vapor in gas pipelines, silencers and chimneys. The gas pressure behind the turboexpander is calculated from the condition that the torch reaches the required lift height above the chimney to disperse harmful emissions.

The following describes the method of operation of a typical two-shaft scheme of a gas turbine installation with an integrated system of deep heat recovery and reduction of harmful emissions into the atmosphere and variants of this method in accordance with FIG. 3. The air in the integrated air preparation device 113 is cleaned of dust and solid particles, cooled or heated depending on its temperature, its suction noise is reduced, as in the methods described above, and then it is supplied to a low-pressure compressor 105. Here, under compression, air it is heated, and it is cooled and moistened by spraying water in the air duct 109 after the low-pressure compressor supplied by the pump 32 from the cold part of the battery through the water pipes 43, 128 and 142. The air temperature in front of the high-pressure compressor I 106 controlled by a controller 144 above the dew point temperature by varying the amount of water is atomized. From the low-pressure compressor, air is passed through the air duct 109 to the high-pressure compressor, where it again heats up during compression. This air is humidified again, and its temperature is reduced by spraying water in the air duct 138 after the high-pressure compressor supplied by the pump 32 from the cold part of the accumulator 30 through the water pipes 43, 128, 142 and 143. In this case, the air temperature in front of the regenerative air heater 74 is controlled by a controller 145 above the temperature dew points by changing the amount of sprayed water. The humidified and cooled air is heated in a regenerative air heater 74 with the heat of the exhaust gases and fed into the combustion chamber 3. The fuel prepared for burning in the integrated fuel preparation device is also fed into this chamber82. Hot water heated in the water economizer by the heat of the exhaust gases is sprayed in the gas line 111 behind the regenerative air heater 74 to reduce the temperature of the gases in the combustion chamber to the decisive one. This temperature is regulated by the regulator 61, by changing the amount of sprayed water. The coefficient of excess air in the combustion chamber is reduced when burning gas fuel to 1.02 ÷ 1.05, and when burning liquid fuel to 1.05 ÷ 1.10 by recirculation of exhaust gases. For this, the exhaust gases after the complex gas treatment device 114 are supplied from the pressure gas line 16 to the suction line 149 before the low-pressure compressor 105 through the recirculation gas line 148. The coefficient of excess air in the combustion chamber is regulated by the regulator 150 according to the content or change in the content of nitric oxide behind the turbine expander depending of the amount of exhaust gas supplied to the intake manifold. After the combustion chamber, the gases are directed to the high-pressure gas turbine 108 through the gas pipeline 112, in this turbine they are activated and set in motion, and with it the high-pressure compressor 106. If the temperature of these gases exceeds the permissible temperature under the conditions of reliable operation of the high-pressure gas turbine then this temperature is controlled by the controller 62 by spraying water in the gas line 112 in front of this turbine. Water is supplied to the spray device of this gas pipeline from the water economizer 6 via water pipes 123 and 126. The exhaust gases in the high-pressure turbine 108 are sent to the low-pressure turbine 107 through the gas pipeline 110. At the beginning of this gas pipeline, incomplete combustion products are burned off when air and fuel are supplied. Fuel is supplied through the fuel line 136 from the integrated fuel preparation device 82 in an amount necessary to increase the temperature of the gases above 700 ^° C. At the same time, the temperature of the gases in the afterburning zone is regulated by regulator 137, by changing the amount of fuel supplied. Air is supplied from the high-pressure compressor 106 through the air duct 138 in an amount necessary for afterburning products of incomplete combustion. At the same time, the amount of air supplied is regulated by the regulator 139 for the content or reduction of the carbon monoxide content in the gas pipeline 116 behind the low pressure gas turbine. After afterburning, the combustion products are fed into a low-pressure gas turbine 107, where they operate and drive this gas turbine, and with it the low-pressure compressor 105 and load 4. From the low-pressure turbine 107, the gases are sent through a gas pipeline 116 to a regenerative air heater 74, where they are cooled and move further along the gas pipeline 117 to the water economizer 6. In this economizer, the exhaust gases are cooled and the water is heated, which enters its water path through the water pipe 122 from the hot part of the heat accumulator 29 p One action of the water pump 31. The gases cooled in the water economizer are still cooled in the surface condenser 7 below the dew point temperature, where they enter the gas pipeline 118. The operation of this condenser and the regulation of the gas temperature behind it are described above in accordance with Fig. 1. Next, the exhaust gases are directed to a turboexpander 71 through pipelines 14 and 119, where they expand and produce work. At the same time, these gases can be cooled to the freezing point of the condensate, and the work can be transferred to the low-pressure compressor 105 and load 4. Before exhausting the combustion products into the chimney 10, they pass through the complex gas treatment device 114, where they are heated, cleaned and reduced their noise. The temperature of the exhaust gases at the mouth of the chimney is raised above the dew point temperature by supplying heated air through the air pipe 146 to the gas pipe 16 near the integrated gas treatment device 114. The temperature of the gases at the mouth of the chimney is regulated by a regulator 147, by changing the amount of hot air supplied. The temperature of the water in the cold part of the battery is reduced by cooling it with cold flue gases and air. When cooled by gases, water is taken by a pump 32 from the cold part of the accumulator 30, fed through the water pipes 43, 128 and 131 to the heat exchanger of the integrated gas treatment device 114 and removed from it through the return water supply 49 again to the cold part of the battery. At the same time, the temperature of the water in this part of the battery is regulated by the regulator 133 above its freezing temperature by changing the amount of circulating coolant. When cooled by air, water is supplied from the cold part of the battery 30 through the supply water pipes 43 and 128 through the surface heat exchanger of the integrated air preparation device 113 and returned via the return water pipe 130. If the temperature of the cooled water drops below the permissible value, then turn on the controller 129, which passes hot water from the pressure pipe 122 through a water supply 127 to a suction water supply 43 through which cold water flows, in an amount necessary to restore the temperature of this water. Condensate is processed in a comprehensive condensate recovery device, where its excess flows down through the water supply 134. At the same time, reagents are recovered and semi-finished products or marketable products are obtained.

Below in FIG. 4, a method of operating a gas turbine installation with a two-shaft scheme and an integrated system for the deep utilization of heat and reducing harmful emissions into the atmosphere and its variants when using contact-surface heat exchangers and a steam generator is considered. Air through the intake device 19 is supplied to a contact-surface heat exchanger 69, where it is cleaned of dust, heated or cooled, moistened and reduced its noise. Then it is sent to a low-pressure compressor 105. Water is supplied to the spray device of this heat exchanger and its water path by a pump 32 from the cold part of the accumulator 30 through air ducts 43, 128, 91 and 93 and 43, 128, 91 and 92, respectively. This water is removed and drained through the water pipes 94 and 95, respectively, into the cold part of the battery. If its temperature drops below permissible, then the controller 129 passes hot water through the water supply pipe 127 into the water supply pipe 91, through which cold water circulates, as a result of mixing of the coolants, the temperature of this water rises. In the low-pressure compressor 105, air is compressed, while its temperature rises. This air is cooled in the contact-surface air cooler 151, where it is supplied through the air duct 109. Water is pumped into the water path of this air cooler by a pump 156 from the water supply network through the water pipes 153 and 157 through the contact-surface condenser 70, where it is heated by the heat of the exhaust gases. Water for spraying into the contact-surface air cooler 151 is supplied from the hot part of the battery through the water pipes 33, 162 and 163 under the action of the pump 31, and it is removed from it through the water pipe 165 to the mixer tank 166. At the same time, the air temperature behind this air heater is regulated by the regulator 172 above the dew point temperature by changing the amount of water supplied for spraying through the water supply 163. Cooled air is supplied to the high-pressure compressor 106, where it is again compressed and heated, so this air is again cooled in an air-to-surface air cooler 152, where it is led through the air duct 75. Water is supplied to the water path of this air cooler from the water path of the previous air cooler 151 through the water pipe 154. Here it is reheated with hot air and sent to the hot water consumer 36. The temperature of the consumed water is regulated by the regulator 158. Water is pumped into the atomizing device of the air cooler 152 by a pump 31 from the hot part of the battery through the plumbing 33 and 162, and is removed from the sump through the plumbing 164 to the mixer tank 166. The air temperature after this air cooler is adjusted by the regulator 173 above the dew point temperature by changing the amount of sprayed water. Hot water from mixer tank 166 is pumped by pump 170 through water pipe 168 to heat consumer 169. The amount of heat consumed is regulated by regulator 171. Excess hot water is drained from tank 66 through water pipe 167 to the hot part of battery 29. Cooled and humidified air is supplied to air coolers 151 and 152. into the combustion chamber 3 through the air line 111. Fuel is also supplied to this chamber from the integrated fuel preparation device 82 via the fuel line 85 and steam from the steam generator 79 through the steam lines 83 and 87. Gas in this chamber is burned with gas at a coefficient itsiente air excess 1.02 ÷ 1.05, but liquid at 1.05 ÷ 1.10. At the same time, the temperature of the gases in the combustion chamber is determined by the regulator 61 by changing the amount of steam supplied through the steam line 87. The combustion products are fed from the combustion chamber 3 through the gas pipeline 112 to the high pressure gas turbine 108, where they are activated and set in motion together with the high pressure compressor 106. The temperature of the gases in this turbine is reduced to an acceptable value by supplying steam from the steam generator through the steam line 174. The temperature of the gases in it is regulated by regulator 175, by changing the number of a steam supply on the steam line. The steam from the steam generator 79 is also fed into the heat exchanger of the integrated fuel preparation device 82, where liquid fuel is heated below its vaporization temperature in this heat exchanger, and this steam is taken to a low-pressure gas turbine 107 or gas pipeline 78 behind this turbine depending on its temperature. With saturated steam, the shut-off device 177 is closed and 178 is opened, while it moves through the steam line 176 into the gas pipeline 78. If the steam is dry, the shut-off device 178 is closed and 177 is opened, while it enters the low-pressure gas turbine through the steam line 84. The vapor-gas mixture is activated in this turbine and sets it in motion, and with it the low-pressure compressor 105 and load 4, then it is sent to the steam generator 79, where it gives its heat to heat the water and produce steam. Water is supplied to the steam generator by a pump 31 from the hot part of the accumulator 29 through the plumbing 33 and 38. In this case, the steam temperature is controlled by the regulator 86, by changing the amount of feed water supplied to this steam generator. Cooled gases in the steam generator are cooled even more in the contact-surface condenser 70 below the dew point temperature, where they are supplied through the gas line 13. The water in the water path of this condenser is pumped from the water network by a pump 156 through the water pipe 157 and it is taken through the water pipe 153 to the contact-surface an air heater 151. Water is supplied to the atomizing device of this condenser by a pump 32 from the cold part of the battery through the water pipes 43 and 159 and is diverted through the water pipe 161 to the hot part of the battery 29. The temperature r The call for this condenser is regulated by a regulator 160 below the dew point temperature by changing the amount of supplied water for atomization through the water supply 159. After condensation of the water vapor, the gases are sent through the gas line 14 to the turboexpander 71, where they perform work, which then turns into electricity in the electric generator 72. The gas temperature in the turboexpander is further reduced due to their expansion. As a result, droplets of condensate from the remaining vapors appear in the exhaust gases, which are then separated in the desiccant of the integrated gas treatment device 114. After this, these gases are removed into the atmosphere through the gas pipe 16 and the chimney 10. In this case, the gas pressure behind the turbine expander is set so as to ensure a sufficient rise torch above the chimney to disperse harmful emissions. To convert nitric oxide to dioxide in front of the contact-surface condenser 70, the cooled air in the air heater 151 is supplied through the air pipe 179 to the gas pipe 13 near the steam generator 79. Nitric oxide, which, together with the exhaust gases and air, enters the contact-surface condenser, turns into dioxide at a temperature of the mixture gases less than 140 ^o C and is absorbed in this capacitor. The amount of air supplied is regulated by the regulator 181 according to the content or reduction of the content of nitric oxide behind this condenser. To more effectively purify the combustion products from sulfur oxides, sulfur dioxide is oxidized to sulfur at a temperature of less than 450 ^o With nitrous water, which is supplied from the pallet of the contact-surface condenser 70 by pump 182 through the water supply 183 to the spraying device of the gas pipeline 13 near the steam generator 79. Sulfur anhydride enters together with the products of combustion in this condenser, it is better absorbed than sulfur dioxide, and thereby the content of these oxides in the exhaust gases is reduced more. At the same time, the amount of nitrous water supplied is regulated by the regulator 184 according to the content or decrease in the content of sulfur dioxide in the gas pipeline behind the contact-surface capacitor 70.

 In order to increase the pH value of the condensate in the circulating circuits of the system, the water coming from the hot 30 and cold 29 parts of the battery is mixed in mixers 185 and 186 (Fig. 5) with an aqueous solution of ammonia coming through pipelines 188 and 189. The pH of the water for mixers regulate the regulators 190 and 191 by changing the amount of the passed solution through pipelines 188 and 189 in these mixers. Excess condensate in the cold part of the accumulator is drained via conduit 192 to the sewer, and it is neutralized in mixer 193 by adding aqueous ammonia from tank 187 through conduit 194. The pH of the condensate behind this mixer is regulated by a regulator 195 of equal to or higher than 7. Condensate pH for circulation hot and cold water circuits are determined depending on the corrosion resistance of pipelines and equipment, as well as the results of a chemical analysis of the composition of the condensate. Condensate is supplied via a drain line 196 to a comprehensive condensate recovery device 197 for processing. In this installation, ammonia is recovered from the solution and semi-finished products or commercial products are obtained.

 The advantages of the developed method and device of a gas turbine installation with an integrated system for the deep heat recovery and reduction of harmful emissions into the atmosphere compared to analogues and prototypes are as follows: the power and efficiency of the developed installation will be higher than that of analogues with the same base gas turbine engine due to the combustion of the entire amount of fuel in one combustion chamber with a coefficient of excess air close to unity and afterburning of products of incomplete combustion behind this chamber; deep cooling of combustion products and turning low-grade heat into work; significantly less change in the efficiency of the installation compared to the efficiency of analogues and prototypes depending on the load and environmental conditions, since the temperature of the gases in the combustion chamber and gas turbine or turbines is regulated and maintained constant, close to maximum, while the operation of pressure and expansion machines is coordinated with the operation of heat exchangers and heat and mass transfer apparatuses as a result of regulation of the parameters of the coolants; the reliability of a gas turbine installation increases due to the regulation of the temperature of the working fluid in the combustion chamber and gas turbine or turbines, the prevention of condensation of water vapor in machines and pipelines, the prevention of freezing of coolants in pipelines and devices, and the regulation of the pH in the circulation circuits of this installation; more significant reduction of harmful emissions into the atmosphere due to the afterburning of products of incomplete combustion behind the combustion chamber with an increased coefficient of excess air, the conversion of nitric oxide into dioxide and sulfur dioxide into sulfur dioxide and their absorption by condensate at a higher pressure of the exhaust gases and the regulation of the content of carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide and sulfur in combustion products; obtaining synthetic water from the combustion products in the required quantity and quality for technological needs and for third-party consumers as a result of the separation of heat carriers into hot and cold and the use of a heat accumulator with two separated tanks.

Claims (64)

 1. The method of operation of a gas turbine installation with an integrated system of deep heat recovery and reduction of harmful emissions into the atmosphere, including air compression and water injection in the compressor, air, fuel and water injection into the combustion chamber for combustion, expansion of combustion products in the turbine, afterburning of unburned fuel behind the turbine, characterized in that the air entering the compressor is cleaned, heated or cooled in a surface water-air heat exchanger, the fuel is heated, cleaned and burned with an excess coefficient air in the combustion zone equal to 1.02 ÷ 1.05 for gas fuel or equal to 1.05 ÷ 1.10 for liquid fuel, and the resulting combustion products after the afterburning chamber are subsequently sent to a water economizer, surface condenser, surface gas-water heat exchanger , a silencer and a chimney, moreover, the surface water-air heat exchanger, compressor and surface condenser are supplied with water from the cold part of the battery, and the water economizer is supplied with water th of the battery.  2. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that the products of incomplete combustion are burned after the turbine in the afterburner when the fuel and air are supplied, while the amount of fuel and air supplied is controlled by the temperature of the gases in this chamber and the content and / or change of the carbon monoxide content in combustion products behind the afterburner, respectively.  3. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that they regulate the coefficient of excess air in the combustion zone of the combustion chamber according to the content and / or change in the content of carbon monoxide in the combustion products behind this chamber.  4. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that the combustion products after the afterburning chamber are discharged through a water economizer, a surface condenser, a surface gas-water heat exchanger, a noise muffler and a chimney into the atmosphere, while water is supplied from the hot part of the heat accumulator to the water economizer and surface gas-water heat exchanger, and from the cold part to the surface condenser, water and condensate are removed from these heat exchangers to the hot part.  5. The method according to p. 4, characterized in that the temperature of the combustion products at the mouth of the chimney is controlled above the dew point temperature by changing the amount of cold or hot water passing through the surface gas-water heat exchanger, and the temperature of the gases behind the surface condenser is maintained by a controller below the dew point temperature a decrease or increase in the amount of flowing cold water through this condenser.  6. The method according to one of paragraphs. 1-5, characterized in that the water is supplied from the water economizer to the atomizing devices of the combustion chamber and turbine, a regenerative fuel heater and a surface gas-water heat exchanger, and from the cold part of the battery to the atomizing device of the compressor, water is removed from the fuel heater and this heat exchanger to the hot part of the battery, at the same time, the temperature of the gases in the combustion chamber and turbine is regulated below the critical value for reliable, economical and safe operation of the engine and liquid fuel in the recuperate A conventional fuel heater is lower than the temperature of vaporization, combustion products at the mouth of the chimney and air after the compressor is higher than the dew point temperature by changing the amount of water supplied to these devices.  7. The method according to one of paragraphs. 1-6, characterized in that the air entering the compressor is heated or cooled in a surface water-air heat exchanger with water supplied from the cold part of the heat accumulator, while the water temperature in this part of the accumulator is regulated above the freezing temperature by changing the amount of circulating water through this heat exchanger.  8. The method according to one of paragraphs. 1-7, characterized in that the air temperature before entering the compressor is regulated above the dew point temperature by supplying combustion products from a gas pipe located behind the surface gas-water heat exchanger to the compressor suction pipe and mixing them with air.  9. The method according to one of paragraphs. 1-8, characterized in that the air before entering the compressor is cleaned, moistened, heated or cooled in a contact-surface water-air heat exchanger of an integrated air preparation device, compressed and cooled by injection of water in the compressor, heated in a regenerative air heater and fed into the combustion chamber, where water vapor, gas or liquid fuel is also supplied, which is burned with excess air coefficients of 1.02 ÷ 1.05 or 1.05 ÷ 1.10, respectively, while the combustion products direct the follower but along the gas path into a gas turbine, a regenerative air heater, a steam generator, a contact-surface condenser, a turboexpander, a dehumidifier, a surface gas-water heat exchanger, a silencer and a chimney, and gas and liquid fuel are heated in a regenerative fuel heater, the liquid is still cleaned in a fine filter fuel preparation devices.  10. The method according to p. 9, characterized in that the water is supplied to the spray device and the water path of the contact-surface water-air heat exchanger by a pump from the cold part of the battery at a temperature that excludes its freezing, and otherwise, this water is supplied from the hot part, at This takes it from the water path and the tray to the cold part of the battery, and also regulates the air temperature in front of the compressor above the dew point temperature by changing the amount of circulating water through this heat exchanger.  11. The method according to p. 9, characterized in that the water is supplied to the spray device and the water path of the contact-surface condenser by a pump from the cold part of the battery, and taken to the hot part, while controlling the gas temperature behind this condenser below the dew point temperature, and after the turboexpander — above the freezing temperature of the condensate.  12. The method according to p. 9, characterized in that the water is supplied to the steam generator from the hot part of the battery, and the steam is diverted to the combustion chamber, the gas turbine and to the regenerative fuel heater, and from it to the gas turbine, wherein the steam temperature is controlled depending on temperature of gases by changing the amount of supplied water to the steam generator, the temperature of the gases in the combustion chamber is lower than determining according to the conditions of reliable, economical and safe engine operation by reducing or increasing the amount of supplied steam, the vapor pressure after pa the generator is higher than that determined by the conditions of the most economical operation of the engine by changing the amount of steam supplied to the gas turbine and the temperature of the liquid fuel — below its vaporization temperature in the fuel heater by changing the amount of steam entering it.  13. The method according to p. 9, characterized in that the exhaust gases after the contact-surface condenser are cooled in a turboexpander, then water droplets in the desiccant are separated from them, then the water in the surface gas-water heat exchanger, which comes from the cold part, is cooled with cold and dry gases. the accumulator, while the work performed by the turboexpander is transferred to the electric generator, the condensate from the dryer is drained into the cold part of the accumulator, water from the gas-water heat exchanger is diverted to the cold part of the accumulator, pressure g The basics are controlled in front of the contact-surface condenser by the required condensate temperature by changing the load of the electric generator, the water temperature in the cold part of the battery is maintained above the freezing temperature by changing the amount of circulating water through a gas-water heat exchanger.  14. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that the air is compressed in a low pressure compressor, then in a high pressure compressor, heated in a regenerative air heater and fed into the combustion chamber, where gas fuel is burned with an excess air coefficient of 1.02 ÷ 1, 05, and liquid fuel at 1.05 ÷ 1.10, the combustion products are sent to a high pressure turbine, where they drive it, and with it a high pressure compressor, after this turbine they are fed to a low pressure turbine, where they rotate and associated compressor nor pressure and load, while cooling the air in the air ducts after low and high pressure compressors by supplying and injecting water from the cold part of the accumulator, cooling the air in the air duct in front of the combustion chamber, and the combustion products in the gas duct in front of the high pressure turbine by feeding and spraying water from the water economizer .  15. The method according to p. 14, characterized in that the products of incomplete combustion are burned after the high-pressure turbine in the gas pipeline when fuel and air are supplied, while the amount of fuel and air supplied is controlled by the temperature of the gases in the afterburning zone and the content and / or change in the oxide content carbon in the products of combustion behind a low pressure turbine.  16. The method according to p. 14, characterized in that the combustion products after the low pressure turbine are discharged sequentially through a regenerative air heater, a water economizer, a surface condenser, a turboexpander, an integrated gas treatment device and a chimney into the atmosphere, while water is supplied from the hot part of the heat accumulator to the water economizer, and from the cold part to the surface condenser, heat exchangers for complex air-conditioning and gas-preparation devices, drain water and condensate from the surface Nogo condenser into the hot part of the accumulator and of the heat exchangers and air handling devices of complex gas treatment - in the cold part.  17. The method according to one of paragraphs. 14-16, characterized in that they regulate the coefficient of excess air in the combustion zone of the combustion chamber according to the content or change in the content of nitric oxide behind the turboexpander by supplying exhaust gases from the gas pipeline after the complex gas treatment device to the intake air pipe before the low pressure compressor and mixing them with air.  18. The method according to one of paragraphs. 14-17, characterized in that the combustion products after the surface condenser are cooled in a turboexpander, drained, heated and reduced by their noise in a complex gas treatment device, while the water coming from the cold part of the battery is cooled in it, water and condensate are drained from it the same part of the accumulator transfers the work performed in the turboexpander to the low pressure compressor and the load, regulates the temperature in the cold water circulation circuit above the freezing temperature by mixing the hot water into cold water.  19. The method according to one of paragraphs. 14-18, characterized in that they regulate the temperature of the exhaust gases at the mouth of the chimney above the dew point temperature by supplying hot air from the air pipe after the low pressure compressor to the gas pipe after the complex gas preparation device and mixing this air with these gases.  20. The method according to one of paragraphs. 14-19, characterized in that the air before being fed to the low-pressure compressor is cleaned, heated or cooled, its noise is suppressed in a complex air preparation device, and water is circulated through the surface water-air heat exchanger of this device from the cold part of the battery.  21. The method according to one of paragraphs. 14-20, characterized in that the cleaned and heated fuel is supplied to the combustion chamber and the afterburning zone in an integrated fuel preparation device, while the temperature of the liquid fuel in the regenerative fuel heater of this device is regulated below the vaporization temperature.  22. The method according to p. 14, characterized in that the air temperature after the low and high pressure compressors is controlled above the dew point temperature by changing the amount of water supplied from the cold part of the battery to spray devices located in the air ducts after the compressors.  23. The method according to p. 14, characterized in that the temperature of the gases in the combustion chamber and the high-pressure turbine is regulated below the conditions determining the reliable, economical and safe operation of the engine by changing the amount of water supplied from the water economizer to the spraying devices located in the air duct and gas pipeline before combustion chamber and gas turbine, respectively.  24. The method according to p. 16, characterized in that the temperature of the gases behind the surface condenser is maintained by the controller below the dew point temperature by changing the amount of cold water flowing through this condenser.  25. The method according to p. 14, characterized in that the air after the low and high pressure compressors is cooled in the contact-surface air coolers of low and high pressure by sequential supply of water from the water supply through the water path of the contact-surface condenser to the flow parts of these air coolers, as well as by spraying in these air coolers the water coming from the hot part of the battery cools the combustion products in the combustion chamber and the high-pressure turbine by supplying steam, heat the fuel with steam in t the fuel preheater of the complex fuel preparation device with steam, which is supplied from the steam generator, and it is taken to a low-pressure turbine or to a gas pipeline behind this turbine, while the air temperature after low and high pressure compressors is controlled by changing the amount of sprayed water in contact-surface air coolers, the temperature of the gases in the chamber combustion and in a high-pressure turbine below the decisive in terms of reliable, economical and safe engine operation by reducing or increasing the quantity CTBA fed steam, liquid fuel temperature in the recuperative toplivopodogrevatele below its vaporization temperature change of the amount of supplied steam.  26. The method according to p. 25, characterized in that the water coming from the water path of the high pressure air cooler is directed to the hot water consumer, and the water being drained from the pallets of low and high pressure air coolers is supplied to the heat consumer, while the temperature of the hot water supplied is controlled by changing the amount heated water in these air coolers, and the amount of heat supplied by changing the amount of heated water supplied from the trays to the consumer.  27. The method according to p. 16, characterized in that the combustion products after the low-pressure turbine are discharged sequentially through a steam generator, a contact-surface condenser, a turboexpander, an integrated gas treatment device and a chimney into the atmosphere, while water is supplied from the hot part of the battery to the steam generator and atomizing devices of air coolers, and from the cold part to atomizing devices of a contact-surface condenser and a contact-surface water-air heat exchanger gas, the surface gas-water heat exchanger of the gas treatment device, removes water and condensate from the pallet of the contact-surface condenser to the hot part of the battery, and from the heat exchangers of the complex air treatment and gas treatment devices to the cold part, they transfer the work performed by the gases in the turboexpander to the generator, where it is converted into electricity .  28. The method according to p. 20, characterized in that the air before being fed to the low-pressure compressor is cleaned, heated or cooled, its noise is suppressed in a contact-surface water-air heat exchanger combined with a filter and a noise muffler, while water is circulated through this heat exchanger from the cold part of the battery, and its temperature is regulated above the freezing temperature by mixing hot water into cold water.  29. The method according to one of paragraphs. 1-28, characterized in that the air after the contact-surface low-pressure air cooler is fed into the air duct between the steam generator and the contact-surface condenser and mixed with gases, while the amount of air supplied is controlled by the content or change of the nitric oxide content behind this condenser.  30. The method according to one of paragraphs. 1-29, characterized in that the nitrous water from the pallet of the contact-surface condenser is pumped into the spraying device of the gas pipe after the steam generator, while the amount of water supplied is controlled by the content or change in the content of sulfur dioxide behind this condenser.  31. The method according to one of paragraphs. 1-30, characterized in that the water supplied from the cold and hot parts of the heat accumulator is diluted with an aqueous solution of ammonia in the mixers, while the pH values of the water behind the mixers are controlled by changing the amount of the added solution, the pH value is maintained in such ranges, which precipitates heavy metal oxides from water, and corrosion of pipelines and equipment does not occur.  32. The method according to one of paragraphs. 1-31, characterized in that the excess condensate from the cold part of the heat accumulator is fed into a complex condensate recovery device, while it is processed in this device in order to recover ammonia and obtain semi-finished products or finished products.  33. A gas turbine installation with an integrated system for the deep utilization of heat and reduction of harmful emissions into the atmosphere, containing a compressor, a combustion chamber with a gas fuel supply pipe connected in series in a gas-air duct, mechanically connected to a compressor and an electric generator, a gas turbine connected to an economizer with supply pipelines and removal of the coolant, a turbo-expander of combustion products, connected by a mechanical connection to an electric generator, and a gas connection to a consumer cold field, as well as a recuperative fuel heater with inlet and outlet fuel pipes and heat pipes, characterized in that the installation is equipped with a heat accumulator divided into hot and cold parts, the economizer behind the gas turbine is made water or in the form of a steam generator, and the installation contains sequentially installed in the gas path , after a water economizer or steam generator, a surface or contact-surface condenser located behind the turbo-expander, a dehumidifier, a surface gas duct a heat exchanger associated with a heat accumulator, a silencer and a chimney, while the compressor is connected to the air intake through a filter, a surface or contact-surface water-air heat exchanger and a silencer arranged in series along the intake air duct, and a water economizer or steam generator is connected to the hot part of the accumulator heat, surface or contact-surface condenser connected to both the hot and cold part of the heat accumulator, and the dryer is connected with the cold part of the heat accumulator.  34. The gas turbine installation according to claim 33, characterized in that it contains a regenerative air heater, a water economizer or a steam generator, a surface condenser, a dehumidifier, a surface gas-water heat exchanger, a noise muffler and a chimney in a gas path behind a gas turbine, and between compressor and combustion chamber regenerative air heater.  35. A gas turbine installation according to claim 33, characterized in that it comprises a heat accumulator divided into hot and cold parts for containing hot and cold water, respectively, as well as pumps for supplying hot and cold water to the circulation circuits.  36. Gas turbine installation according to one of paragraphs. 33-35, characterized in that the surface condenser is connected by a water path to the cold part of the heat accumulator by the supply water pipe, and by the pipelines to the hot part by the water and condensate discharge pipes, and the gas temperature regulator behind this condenser is mounted on the supply water pipe.  37. The gas turbine installation according to claim 36, characterized in that the contact-surface condenser is connected by a water path and a spray device through a supply pipe to the cold part of the battery, and water and condensate drain pipes to the hot part, while the gas temperature regulator behind this condenser or a turboexpander is installed on the water supply pipe.  38. Gas turbine installation according to one of paragraphs. 33-37, characterized in that the water economizer is connected by a water path to the hot part of the heat accumulator by means of a supply pipe, and by the water pipes leading from the economizer to a combustion chamber, a gas turbine and a regenerative fuel heater, while the gas temperature regulators in the combustion chamber and in the turbine, the fuel behind the recuperative fuel heater is installed on the outlet water pipes, respectively.  39. A gas turbine installation according to claim 38, characterized in that the steam generator is connected to the hot part of the accumulator via the supply water pipe, and the steam piping from the steam generator to the combustion chamber, the gas turbine and the regenerative fuel heater, the steam temperature controllers are installed on the supply pipe, the temperature of the combustion products in the combustion chamber, the vapor pressure after the steam generator, the temperature of the fuel after the regenerative fuel heater on the exhaust steam lines.  40. Gas turbine installation according to one of paragraphs. 33-39, characterized in that the dehumidifier is connected by a condensate discharge pipe to the cold part of the battery, and the surface gas-water heat exchanger is connected by supply and discharge water pipes to the cold part of the battery, while the gas temperature regulator in the mouth of the chimney is installed on the supply pipe.  41. A gas turbine installation according to claim 40, characterized in that the surface gas-water heat exchanger is connected to the cold part of the accumulator by supply and exhaust water pipelines, while a water temperature regulator is installed in the cold part of the accumulator on the supply water piping.  42. Gas turbine installation according to one of paragraphs. 33-41, characterized in that the surface water-air heat exchanger is connected to the cold part of the accumulator by supply and discharge water pipes, while the temperature regulator of the discharge water from this heat exchanger is installed on the supply water pipe.  43. The gas turbine installation according to claim 42, characterized in that the water path and the spray device of the contact-surface water-air heat exchanger are connected to the cold and hot parts of the battery through water pipes that drain water from this battery, the general water supply and distribution pipes that supply water to this heat exchanger, at the same time, shut-off devices are installed on the water discharge pipes, and the air temperature regulator in front of the compressor is installed on a common water supply pipe.  44. Gas turbine installation according to one of paragraphs. 33-43, characterized in that the device spraying water in the compressor is connected by a water supply to the cold part of the battery, while the air temperature regulator behind the compressor is installed on this water supply.  45. Gas turbine installation according to one of paragraphs. 33-44, characterized in that the heat consumer is connected to the hot part of the battery by supply and discharge water pipes.  46. A gas turbine installation according to claim 33, characterized in that it comprises a gas pressure regulator in front of the contact-surface condenser and a regulator of the coefficient of excess air in the combustion zone.  47. A gas turbine installation according to claim 33, characterized in that it comprises a suction device arranged in series along the gas-air path, a complex air treatment device with a surface water-air heat exchanger with supply and exhaust water and air ducts, low and high pressure compressors with spraying devices in the air ducts for cooling the air, regenerative air heater, combustion chamber with supply air pipe, fuel pipe, water pipe and spraying m device for cooling gases, a high pressure turbine with a water supply pipe and a spray device for cooling gases, mechanically connected to a high pressure compressor, a low pressure turbine mechanically connected to a low pressure compressor and a load, a regenerative air heater, a water economizer, a surface condenser, turboexpander, mechanically coupled to a low-pressure compressor, a comprehensive gas preparation device with surface gas water heat exchanger, inlet and outlet gas pipelines and water pipelines serving to remove moisture from the combustion products, heat them and reduce noise, as well as a chimney.  48. The gas turbine installation according to claim 47, characterized in that it contains a heat accumulator, the hot part of which is connected by the discharge water pipes to the water economizer and the cold water circulation circuit, and the supply pipes to the surface condenser and the regenerative fuel heater of the fuel preparation device, the cold part is connected to the drain pipes. to a surface condenser, heat exchangers of complex gas treatment and air treatment devices spraying the device m of air ducts for low and high pressure compressors, and inlet pipes to heat exchangers for complex gas treatment and air treatment devices, while the water temperature regulator in the cold water circulation circuit is installed on the outlet water pipe from the hot part of the battery, and the gas temperature regulators after the water supply pipes from the cold part of the battery are surface condenser, water in the cold part of the battery and air after low and high pressure compressors.  49. A gas turbine installation according to claim 48, characterized in that the water economizer is connected by a discharge water pipe to a recuperative fuel heater of an integrated fuel preparation device, by spraying devices of an air pipe in front of the combustion chamber and a gas pipe in front of the high pressure turbine, while the fuel temperature controllers are installed on these water pipes after this fuel heater , gases in the combustion chamber and in the high pressure turbine, respectively.  50. A gas turbine installation according to claim 47, characterized in that the gas pipe after the integrated gas preparation device is connected to the air pipe in front of the low-pressure compressor with an air pipe, on which a regulator for the coefficient of excess air in the combustion zone is installed according to the content or change in the content of nitric oxide behind the turbine expander.  51. The gas turbine installation according to claim 47, characterized in that the afterburning zone in the gas pipeline behind the high pressure turbine is connected by the fuel pipe to the integrated fuel preparation device and the air pipe to the high pressure compressor, while the gas temperature controller in the afterburning zone is installed on this fuel pipe, the content regulator carbon monoxide is located behind the low pressure turbine in this duct.  52. A gas turbine installation according to claim 47, characterized in that the air pipe after the low pressure compressor is connected to the gas pipe behind an integrated gas treatment device with an air pipe on which a gas temperature regulator is installed at the mouth of the chimney.  53. A gas turbine installation according to claim 47, characterized in that a contact-surface water-air heat exchanger is used in front of the low-pressure compressor in the integrated air preparation device, and after it and behind the high-pressure compressor, contact-surface low and high pressure air coolers are located behind the low pressure turbine a steam generator is installed, followed by a contact-surface condenser and, further, a turboexpander connected mechanically to an electric generator.  54. A gas turbine installation according to claim 49, characterized in that the hot part of the heat accumulator is connected to spraying devices of contact-surface low and high pressure air coolers, a steam generator and a cold water circulation circuit, water outlets, and supply water to pallets of a contact-surface condenser and air coolers, the cold part is connected by discharge water pipes to the spray device of the contact-surface condenser and the spray device and the water pipe cta contact-surface water-air heat exchanger and the inlet to the water path and the pallet contact-surface water-air heat exchanger and the gas-water surface heat exchanger, wherein the diverters are mounted on water pipes from the hot air of the battery temperature control for these coolers and steam for the steam generator.  55. The gas turbine installation according to claim 49, characterized in that the steam generator is connected to the exhaust pipes by a recuperative fuel heater of an integrated fuel preparation device, a combustion chamber and a high pressure turbine, while temperature regulators of the fuel are installed on these steam pipelines after the fuel heater, gases in the combustion chamber and in high pressure turbine.  56. The gas turbine installation according to claim 55, characterized in that the recuperative fuel heater is connected by steam lines leading from it to a low pressure turbine and a gas pipe behind the turbine, while shutoff controlled devices are installed on these steam pipelines.  57. The gas turbine installation according to p. 54, characterized in that the water paths of the contact surface condenser and low and high pressure air coolers are connected in series with water pipes so that the temperature of the water in them increases as it moves, while they are connected to the water supply network and the consumer hot water inlet and outlet water pipes, a water pump and a hot water temperature controller are installed on the inlet pipe.  58. The gas turbine installation according to p. 54, characterized in that the pallets of contact-surface air coolers are connected with the discharge water pipes to the mixer tank, and it is connected with the drain water pipe to the heat consumer, on which the feed water pump and the heat flow controller are installed, and the mixer tank connected by a drain water supply to the hot part of the battery.  59. Gas turbine installation according to one of paragraphs. 53-58, characterized in that the air pipe after the low pressure compressor is connected to the gas pipe behind the steam generator by an air pipe on which a nitric oxide content regulator is installed behind the contact-surface condenser.  60. Gas turbine installation according to one of paragraphs. 53-59, characterized in that the contact surface condenser sump is connected to a spray device in the gas line behind the steam generator by a water supply pipe on which a water pump and a sulfur dioxide content regulator are installed behind the contact surface condenser.  61. Gas turbine installation according to one of paragraphs. 33-60, characterized in that on the discharge pipelines of cold and hot water from the heat accumulator there are mixers that are connected to the tank with an aqueous solution of ammonia by pipelines, and these pipelines are equipped with condensate pH regulators for these mixers.  62. Gas turbine installation according to one of paragraphs. 33-61, characterized in that on the water supply pipe that discharges cold water from the heat accumulator to the sewer, a mixer is placed, which is connected to the tank with an aqueous solution of ammonia by a pipeline, and a condensate pH value regulator is installed on this pipeline behind this mixer.  63. Gas turbine installation according to one of paragraphs. 33-62, characterized in that for operation on liquid fuel, the contact-surface condenser, surface condenser, steam generator, water economizer, regenerative air heater and surface gas-water heat exchanger are equipped with tubes with a longitudinal external fins.  64. Gas turbine installation according to one of paragraphs. 33-63, characterized in that the integrated condensate recovery device is connected to a drainage pipe of excess condensate in the battery.

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