RU2188278C2 - Procedure restoring design position of sunk column of frame - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction industry. SUBSTANCE: procedure restoring design position of column of frame after sinking consists in joining of two simply supported crane single beams bordering on sunk first column on one side into continuous beam with central prop, in slackening of anchoring devices of this continuous beam with central prop above second central column adjacent to sunk column by value Δ, and above third column by value 2Δ. Then end of this continuous beam with central prop above third column is lifted by value 2Δ, with the aid of mass of crane with weight to form clearance Δ between bearing plate of cantilever of second column and lower belt of continuous beam. Formed clearance is filled up with liner having thickness Δ. Rest- limiter is put on lifted end of beam, nuts on anchor bolts of column are screwed off by value 2Δ, traveling crane is moved to lifted end of beam till wheels contact rest and weight of calculated mass is gently lifted by crane setting down lifted end of continuous beam by value 2Δ and lifting upward sunk column by corresponding value. Liners are put into formed clearance under plate of column and cycles are continued till design position of column is restored. Unnecessary liners are removed on second column and anchor bolts fastening columns and beams are tightened up. EFFECT: diminished labor input for straightening of frame of building. 2 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to the construction and operation of buildings on subsiding soils and undermined territories. In buildings built on such soils, uneven precipitations of foundations and columns often occur that interfere with normal safe operation.

 Such precipitation is especially unfavorable in industrial buildings equipped with bridge cranes. In this case, the straightness of the crane tracks is violated, the minimum gaps between the cranes and trusses and between the cranes and columns are not ensured.

 In bridges in the nodes of support of superstructures on coastal and intermediate supports, special “jack beams” are usually provided, under which jacks are placed when the supports are set up and thereby restore the design position of the bridges.

 The known method of straightening described in the textbook Gibshman E.E. [1, p. 279], and the straightening method described in the Russian patent [2, US Pat. 2139390].

 There are also known methods for straightening crane structures described in the patents [3, 4, 5, 6]. These patents describe devices and two methods that return designs to their design position.

 We accept this method as an analog. The disadvantage of the analogue is the need to use power jacks and the manufacture of special beam arms.

 The technical result of the invention is to reduce costs during straightening of the building frame and reducing the complexity of the process.

 The technical result is achieved by the fact that two single-span, split crane beams adjacent to the settled first column are connected to a two-span continuous beam, weaken the anchoring of this two-span beam over the second column adjacent to the settled one by Δ, and above the third column by 2Δ , lift the end of the two-span continuous beam on the third column by a value of 2Δ, using the mass of the crane with the load, forming a gap Δ between the base plate of the console of the second column and the lower belt of the two-span beam, fill t the gap formed by a lining with a thickness of Δ, set the stop-limiter on the raised end of the beam, unscrew the nuts on the column anchor bolts by 2Δ, move the bridge crane to the raised end of the beam until the crane wheels come into contact with the stop, and smoothly lift the calculated weight load by the bridge crane, the raised end of the two-console beam by a value of 2Δ and lifting up the settled column by an appropriate value, lay the lining in the gap formed under the plate of the column and the cycles are repeated until recovery the design position of the column, remove the extra linings on the second column and tighten the anchoring of the column and beams.

 Comparison of the developed method of straightening the building frame with the known one (patent 2139390) shows its significant differences: the method does not require the manufacture of special equipment and a continuous two-span crane beam is used as a power lever, and the force acting on the frame is created by the mass of the operating crane and the load lifted by it.

 Figure 1, 2 shows a diagram of the restoration of the design position of the first 1 settled columns. Adjacent columns 2 and 3 may be settled or not. External power effects are created by the estimated load 4 and the dead weight of the crane 5. The movement of the crane is limited by a stop 6 mounted on the rail 7 and a continuous two-span beam 8 formed of two split beams connected to each other as a whole above the second column.

The restoration of the design position of the settled first column 1 is as follows:
- two split crane beams between the first and second columns and the second and third are connected together and form a two-span crane beam 8;
- using the method of straightening the crane beams (patent 2104362), weaken the anchor bolts for securing the beam on the third column and, placing a crane with a load in the first span of beam 8, raise the end of the beam on the third column by 2Δ;
- weaken the anchor bolts of the crane beam on the second column and in our own way we distill the crane from beam 8;
- the beam 8 is elastically straightened and a gap Δ is formed above the second column between the console plate and the lower belt of the beam;
- we put a lining of thickness Δ in the gap, if necessary, repeat the cycles until the gap Δ reaches the design value;
- weaken the anchor bolts connecting the first column to the foundation;
- we fix on the end of a two-span beam above the third column an emphasis 6;
- under our own power, we overturn the overhead crane 5 until the wheel interacts with the stop 6;
- smoothly raise the calculated load by the crane, upsetting the raised end of the two-span beam 8 by 2Δ and lifting the settled first column 1 by the corresponding value;
- if necessary, repeat the cycles until the full restoration of the design position of the first column 1;
- tighten the anchor bolts connecting the first column to the foundation;
- remove excess linings between the second column and the crane beam;
- tighten the anchor bolts of the crane beam 8 on the first, second and third columns;
- we proceed to restore the design position of the next column.

The economic effect arose due to:
- use as a power lever of a two-span continuous crane crane beam;
- using the mass of the crane and the load it lifts to create the necessary force, returning the settled column to its original design position.

Concrete implementation example
We show the implementation of the developed method by the example given in the textbook, ed. prof. Belenya E.I. [7, p. 313]. In the example, the frame of a single-story industrial building with a span of 30 m with a step of frames of 12 m is calculated. Building [7, p. 395] is equipped with bridge cranes with a lifting capacity of Q = 30/5 t. Span of 30 m. Elevation of the rail head 11.8 m. The supercrane upper part of the column is I-shaped in section: belts of 380x14 mm, wall 972x8 mm.

Cross-sectional area
A = 184.16 cm ² .

Weight
m = 144.6 kg / m.

The bottom of the column:
outer branch
2L200х14 + sheet 650х10;
cross-sectional area
A 2h54,6 + _HB = 65 = 174.2 cm ^2.

Weight
m = 2x42.8 + 51 = 136.6 kg / m.

Crane Branch:
I-beam
2x300x16 + sheet 668x12;
cross-sectional area
And _HB = 96 + 80.16 = 176.16 cm ² .

Weight
m = 138.29 kg / m.

Lattices from corners
2L110x8 l = 2.12x9 = 19.1 m.

Mass of all corners
m = 2x19.1x13.5 = 515.5 kg.

 The base of the column [7, p.401] (see table).

Constant load [7, p. 338]
1.45 kN / m ² = 145 kg / m ²
Single Column Cargo Area
15x12 = 180 m ² .

The compressive force in the column from the coating
145x180 = 26100 kg.

 The mass of the column is 4565.7 kg.

The mass of the crane beam [7, p. 429]
2x500x25 + 1500x14 (A = 250 + 210 = 460 cm ² ) 4333 kg.

Следовательно, при восстановлении проектного положения колонны необходимо поднять массу 35,8 т.Brake beam weight

Therefore, when restoring the design position of the column, it is necessary to raise the mass of 35.8 tons.

The moment of resistance of the crane beam is 24800 cm ³ [7, p. 429]. That is, when bending, the beam section withstands bending moment
M = R _y • W = 230 • 24800 = 5704000 gN • cm = 570.4 tm (see figure 3).

F=45,5>35,8 т.

F = 45.5> 35.8 t.

 Therefore, the strength of a two-span crane beam when using it as a lever to return the settled column to its original design position is sufficient.

List of references
1. Gibshman E.E. and others. Bridges and structures on the roads. M .: Transport, 1972, part 2, p. 404.

 2. Nezhdanov K.K., Nezhdanov A.K., Kuzina V.N. A way to restore the design position of the foundation and columns. Patent of Russia 2139390, Bull. 10/28/1999.

 3. Nezhdanov K.K. Device for attaching crane beams to columns. Patent of Russia 945054 A, 07.23.82.

 4. Nezhdanov K. K. Device for straightening crane beams. Patent of Russia 998306 A, 02.23.63.

 5. Nezhdanov K.K., Nezhdanov A.K. Runway. Patent of Russia 1248937 A, 07.08.86.

 6. Nezhdanov K. K., Nezhdanov A.K., Knyazhev A.N. Crane design. Patent of Russia 1481192 A, 05.23.89.

 7. Belena E.I. and other metal structures. - M.: Stroyizdat, 1986, -560 s.

Claims (1)

 A method of restoring the design position of the column after its settlement, characterized in that two single-span split crane beams adjacent to the settled first column are connected to a two-span continuous beam on one side, and the anchoring of this two-span beam is loosened above the second middle column adjacent to the set Δ, and above the third column by 2Δ, lift the end of the two-span continuous beam on the third column by 2Δ, using the mass of the crane with the load, forming a gap Δ between the support plate the second console of the second column and the lower belt of the two-span beam, fill the gap with a lining of thickness Δ, install a stop-limiter on the raised end of the beam, unscrew the nuts on the column anchor bolts by 2Δ, move the bridge crane to the raised end of the beam until the crane wheels come into contact with the stop and smoothly lift the load of the calculated mass with a bridge crane, upsetting the raised end of the double-beam beam by 2Δ and lifting the settled column up to the appropriate value, lay in the resulting the gap under the slab column plate and the cycles are repeated until the design position of the column is restored, the extra linings on the second column are removed and the anchor bolts for attaching the column and beams are tightened.

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