RU2187325C1 - Agent "khitolen" showing radioprotective effect - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine, phytotherapy. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the development of agent of natural origin showing radioprotective effect. Proposed agent comprises sown flax seeds, spotted milk thistle seeds, oat seeds, ascorbic acid and water-soluble chitosan. Agent is made as tablets. Agent enhances human natural protective strength, shows protective and regenerating effects on liver and decreases intoxication. EFFECT: enhanced effectiveness, valuable medicinal properties of agent. 3 cl

Description

 The invention relates to medicine, and specifically to the creation of herbal products with radioprotective effect.

 As a result of environmental pollution, people are exposed to both external and internal exposure. Internal radiation is associated with the accumulation of radioactive isotopes and heavy metals in products of plant and animal origin, from where they, together with food, enter the human body through the gastrointestinal tract. A certain part of the radionuclides enters the body through the respiratory tract and skin.

 For example, during the accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant in 1986, among the four main dose-generating factors were: gamma radiation from the destroyed reactor core and contaminated surfaces, beta-gamma radiation from aerosol air pollution and radiation to the skin due to wet clothes and shoes in polluted water. Typically, these factors acted simultaneously, with the advantage of external exposure. The leading factors in human exposure were external gamma irradiation with short-lived radionuclides, radiation of 134Cs and 137Cs, as well as iodine radionuclides delivered by inhalation and with food products. In general, the victims, in addition to the immediate liquidators of the accident, were exposed to prolonged exposure to emergency factors, including combined exposure in "small" doses (up to 1 Gy), which cause a complex of general somatic reactions, called "radiation reactions". First of all, they are manifested by isolated or combined cytopenias (decrease in blood cells), and only then by functional changes in other organs (neurocirculatory dystonia, functional upset stomach, etc.), especially the thyroid gland. A person, being in the conditions of a radiation accident, experiences the impact of a complex of extreme factors of various nature specific and nonspecific. An example of a nonspecific effect is stress. The specificity of the impact is determined by the system, which is highly sensitive to a certain extreme factor. For the radiation factor, one of these systems is the immune one, which responds to its effect by the formation of secondary immunodeficiency.

 High radiosensitivity is possessed by cells that are distinguished by high proliferative activity. These include brain stem cells, stem cells of the intestinal and cutaneous epithelium. Under the influence of ionizing radiation, some of these cells die, thereby causing a number of pathological conditions: anemia, ulcerative enterocolitis, alopecia, etc. In addition, the thyroid gland, by virtue of its function, accumulates radioactive iodine, which has significant damaging ability. This leads to impaired function in the form of its decrease (hypothyroidism) or increase (hyperthyroidism) or initiates the development of a tumor process in the gland. / Kornilov A.V. and others. The path to longevity. St. Petersburg, 1999, pp. 72-73 /.

Thus, with a complex effect on the human body of the products of radioactive decay, there is a need for their removal or inactivation. Among the means and methods that contribute to the removal of radionuclides from human biological environments, the leading place is occupied by herbal preparations. There are a number of drugs and groups of compounds that contribute to the elimination of radionuclides. Among them are the following:
1) drugs that protect the body from excessive lipid oxidation / lipoperoxidation /;
antioxidants, unsaturated fatty acids, etc .;
2) hepatoprotectors;
3) pectin-containing phytopreparations, sorbents;
4) drugs that regulate the exchange of vitamins and amino acids;
5) drugs that increase the nonspecific resistance of the body (the natural defenses of a person) - adaptogens, etc.

 / Korsun V. F. et al. "1001 questions about herbal medicine" St. Petersburg, 1999, p. 62 /.

 Given that when exposed to radiation, a combination of diseases of two systems occurs - the skin and the liver, milk thistle preparations have an undoubted therapeutic effect. Especially these drugs are indicated for eczema caused by compounds of arsenic, vanadium, chromium, nickel, zinc, copper, formalin and other exogenous factors. / Korsun V. F. et al. "Phytotherapy of allergic skin diseases", Minsk, 1998, p. 173 /.

 In the chemotherapy department of the Oncology Center of the Railway Transport, against the background of cancer chemotherapy of various localization, milk thistle seed powder - Mariol - 1 tablespoon per day was prescribed. This allowed us not to notice symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, dyspepsia, stomatitis, changes in peripheral blood counts when taking platinum and anthracycline drugs, which is an important point in the prevention of cancer recurrence and metastasis.

 / Nikulina E.V. and others. Milk thistle - unknown about the known. "Journal of Practical Herbal Medicine" 2,1999, p. 45 /.

 Recent animal experiments have shown that treating milk thistle weakens or completely suppresses the effect of irritating and damaging substances on the liver. They even experimented with the most dangerous liver poison - the poison of green fly agaric, the results of the experiment were successful. The obtained research results allow us to have no doubt that milk thistle has a protective and regenerating effect on the liver.

 The objective of the present invention is to provide a comprehensive means of biologically active substances that contribute to the neutralization of toxic substances and their removal.

The problem is solved by creating a tool (called "Chitolen") containing sowing flax seed, spotted thistle seed, oat seed, ascorbic acid, water-soluble chitosan and filler in the following ratio of components, wt. %:
Flaxseed, seed - 20
Milk Thistle, seed - 18
Oats, seed - 10
Ascorbic acid - 2
Chitosan water-soluble - 5
Filler - Else
The tool can be made in the form of tablets weighing 0.5 g.

 In addition, it contains carboxymethyl cellulose, aerosil and polyvinylporrolidone as a filler.

 Sowing flax belongs to the flax family; in the wild, flax is not known. One of the oldest cultivated plants. Flax growing was widespread in ancient Egypt. From the countries of the East, flax penetrated into Greece, Italy, and the countries of Western and Eastern Europe. In Russia, flax has been cultivated since ancient times.

Flax seeds contain 30-48% fatty oil, which contains glycerides of linolenic / 35-45% / - omega-3, linoleic / 25-35% / - omega-6, oleic / 15-20% / - omega-9 , palmetic and stearic / 8-9% / acids. In the human body, there must necessarily be a balance of omega-6 and omega-3 acids, which is indispensable in human life when protected against radiation, helps to stabilize cell and subcellular membranes, protect the body from excessive lipid oxidation, and increase endogenous antioxidants. If omega-6 is available, in addition to flaxseed, in sunflower, soybean, canola, olive oil, then omega-3 is available in sufficient quantities only in fish oil and in linseed oil. This is the uniqueness of linseed oil. Moreover, the seeds of flax growing in the northern regions / Tver / are richer in unsaturated acids than the seeds of the southern regions. In addition, flax seeds contain mucus / 5-12% /, protein / 18-33% /, carbohydrates / 12-26% /, organic acids, enzymes, vitamin A. In the shells of the seeds contain high molecular weight compounds that give linocafein during hydrolysis , -oxymethylglutaric acid methyl ester, linocinamarine and diglycoside. All plants, especially seedlings, contain linamarine glycoside, which is cleaved by linase into hydrocyanic acid, glucose, and acetone. Seeds also contain:
macronutrients, mg / g: K 12.1; Ca 2.0; Mg 4.0; Fe 0.09;
trace elements, mg / g: Mn 0.09; Cu 0.34; Zn 0.47; Cr 0.04; Al 0.18; Se 19.3; Ni 0.18; Pb 0.1; J 0.24; B 2.3, concentrate Se. / Goncharova TA Encyclopedia of medicinal plants. Volume 1, M, 1997, p. 360 /.

 In medicine, mucus of flax seeds, which has an enveloping, anti-inflammatory, mild laxative effect, is used for inflammation of the mucous membranes of the respiratory tract and gastric tract. The therapeutic effect of flaxseed is due not only to the content of mucus, but also to the presence of linamarine glycoside in it, which is biologically very active and acts on various systems and organs, exerting a regulatory effect on the secretory and motor function of the intestine. Large doses cause general concern.

 Phytoextrogenic substances found in the seed are characterized by antitrogenic properties and are effective in the treatment of hormone-dependent forms of thyroid cancer.

 Flaxseed oil, containing up to 70% of the essential unsaturated acids that are the precursors of prostaglandins, has a beneficial effect on the condition of patients suffering from cardiovascular diseases, inflammatory and autoimmune disorders. The inclusion of flaxseed and oil in the diet contributes to the successful treatment and prevention of a number of chronic diseases. For example, peptic ulcer of the gastroduodenal zone, chronic non-precalculous cholecystitis with hypomotor dyskinesia, improvement of blood lipid composition, decrease in total cholesterol, etc.

 When removing radionuclides from the body, the fact that flax, like eleutherococcus, refers to medicinal plants containing pectin, which is used as an antidote to heavy metals, is used. With the help of these substances, the absorption of radionuclides and heavy metals from the digestive tract can be significantly prevented. The composition of the pectin molecules includes pentoses, hexoses, galacturonic and acetic acids, which determine the binding of metal ions in the intestine. In this case, persistent, slightly dissociating compounds / chelates / are formed that are not absorbed and excreted from the body. Numerous experimental data indicate that, when exposed to lead, mercury, cobalt, cadmium, zinc and other elements or radionucleides, the carboxyl groups of galacturic acids are able to attach metal ions, having an effect similar to the action of ion-exchange resins. In water, pectins swell and form colloidal solutions / jelly /. In addition, pectins, like other dietary fibers contained in plant products, improve intestinal motility, accelerate the formation of feces, with which the process of eliminating toxic substances from the body is accelerated and intoxication is reduced.

 Milk Thistle is a biennial plant from the aster family. Currently, it is introduced into the culture of Russia and a number of countries.

 Seeds contain fatty oil / up to 32% / with a high content of polyunsaturated fatty acids, essential oil / 0.08% /, resins, mucus, biogenic amines / tyramine, histamine /, flavonolingnans / 2.8-3.8% / - silybin , silidianin, taxifolin, silychristine; macronutrients, mg / g: K 9.2; Ca 16.6; Mg 4.2; Fe 0.085; trace elements, mg / g: Mp 0.1; Cu 1.16; Zn 0.77; Cr 0.15; Al 0.02; V 0.91; Se 22.9; Ni 0.2; Sr 0.08; Pb 0.08; J 0.99; B 22.4; concentrates C, especially Se.

 The presence of the complex "silymarin" / a mixture of three flavonolingnans / determines the healing properties of the plant. Even in high concentrations, silymarin is free from side effects and has an extremely good effect on liver repair. Flavonolingnans promote complexation in the liver cells, which creates a hepatoprotective effect with any exo- and endotoxic effects on the body. / Palov M. Encyclopedia of medicinal plants. Per. c. German, M, 1998 /.

 "Silymarin" has a membrane protective, antioxidant, reparative, antiplatelet effect, protects the liver parenchyma from various toxic lesions, including those resulting from poisoning with the strongest poison of a toadstool. Silymarin inhibits the development of experimental peritonitis and immunologically induced polyarthritis. The antihepatoxic effect of silymarin to a certain extent also confirms the fact that about 80% of the drug is excreted in the bile from the body. It is also noted that milk thistle preparations have choleretic, choleretic, antihypertensive and anti-inflammatory effects.

 Sowing oats is a widely cultivated cereal crop of the cereal family. Oats - the cereal most rich in fats / 4-6.5% /, contains many proteins / 19% /, rich in essential amino acids such as tryptophan, lysine, methionine, and in the most favorable, close to ideal ratio, starch 40%. Oats are rich in macro- and microelements. It contains more iron than iron, contains a lot of sulfur, silicon, phosphorus, potassium, magnesium, phosphorus, chromium, manganese, zinc, nickel, fluorine, iodine, etc. are found. There are essential oils, gum, vitamins B1, B2, B6, carotene, vitamins K, E, nicotinic and pantothenic acids. Oat in composition after grapes is closest to human milk, and its percentage ratio of proteins, carbohydrates, fats and vitamins of group B is optimal. The ancient Slavs and other peoples used "oat milk" to replace mother's milk for children.

 However, for medicine, along with all the components, a substance that has calming properties, the indole alkaloid Avetin, is of great importance.

For therapeutic purposes, use oatmeal, oatmeal, green plants during flowering, oat straw. Eating oats in any form:
- has a general strengthening, tonic, enveloping, appetizing, choleretic, anti-inflammatory, diuretic, hematopoietic action;
-improves and updates the blood composition, prevents the formation of blood clots / with coronary heart disease, hypertension, thrombophlebitis, after heart surgery /, restores the heart rhythm;
-increases the number of leukocytes;
-Normalizes metabolism;
- cures pancreatitis;
- has an antisclerotic effect;
-increases the body's immunity;
- strengthens peristalsis, acts as a mild laxative;
-increases the protective functions of the body, its ability to cleanse itself, inhibits the development of degenerative processes in the body due to the content of silicon;
- useful as an emollient, stimulating the production of biotin - a vitamin substance that normalizes the exchange of cholesterol, amino acids and proteins in the body;
Helps with nervous disorders, has a calming effect.

 The mechanism of action of oat preparations was studied in pharmacological experiments in vivo and in vitro on models of inflammation caused by croton oil, ultraviolet radiation, and its activity against free radicals was studied. The above studies demonstrated the anti-inflammatory effect of oat preparations in relation to inflammation of a chemical or physical nature, which was expressed in a significant / 48% / decrease in edema. It is concluded that the local anti-inflammatory mechanism of oats is comparable to the action of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. In addition, it is manifested by oat preparations / depending on the method of processing oats /, which in the experiment was manifested by a pronounced decrease in the formation of free radicals during the inflammatory reaction. / Korsun V.F. et al. "Phytotherapy of allergic skin diseases", Minsk, 1998, pp. 146-147 /.

 Of great importance in the elimination of radionuclides from the body, reducing their harmful effects are drugs that contribute to the creation in the body of a state of increased resistance - immunity.

 Vitamin C - ascorbic acid. The body can not store the vitamin, so we must constantly receive it additionally. Since it is water-soluble and susceptible to temperature, cooking destroys it. Vitamin is consumed during physical exertion and mental stress. Vitamin C has a number of unique properties. It is able to reduce fragility to maintain the integrity of the superficial vessels of the legs, hands, kidneys, and retina, especially for diseases of small blood vessels. Limus Polling indicated that a lack of vitamin C provokes the development of atherosclerosis of the heart and blood vessels. Vitamin C has a positive effect on the skin, participates in the formation of hyaluronic acid, is responsible for the construction of the main substance of the dermis. It plays a significant role in the synthesis of collagen, a connective protein responsible for moisturizing the skin, which is produced by the body on its own only for) years.

 Vitamin C is the strongest antioxidant and cofactor of many enzymes that make up the components used in the Chitolen preparation. Vitamin C significantly enhances the effect of the drug.

 Chitosan has also been widely used recently. Studies of the natural biopolymer of chitosan have shown a number of its unique properties. Chitosan absorbs fat and cholesterol already in the digestive tract, thereby lowering the calorie content of food, and removes them from the body in an unsplit form. One molecule of chitosan is able to take out from the body fat 10-12 times more than its molecular weight. Chitosan adsorbs fat in the stomach before it begins to be digested, lowering LDL cholesterol / harmful / and increasing HDL / beneficial /.

 Delitas containing chitosan reduce a number of heart diseases, hypertension, diseases associated with endocrine disruption. It was found that chitosan captures and removes them from the intestine, thereby preventing their spread throughout the body and the occurrence of various diseases.

 The invention is illustrated by the following example.

To obtain a tablet form weighing 500 mg, the product contains, mg:
Flaxseed, seed (powder) - 100
Milk thistle, seed (powder) - 90
Oats, seed (powder) - 50
Ascorbic acid - 10
Chitosan Water Soluble - 25
Filler - 225
Aerosil, polyvinylpyrrolidone and carboxymethyl cellulose are used as filler.

 For prophylactic purposes, take 1 tablet. In the morning and in the evening before meals or during, with treatment - 3 times a day and, with certain indications, take 2 tablets 3 times a day.

 Chitolen was tested on volunteers, on patients who fell into the radiation exposure zone, workers in radiochemical industries, and patients receiving radiation therapy for cancer. In addition, Khitolen is the most important preventive measure in the conditions of ecological distress in industrial areas, as well as for military personnel in especially dangerous zones.

 The tool increases the natural defenses of a person, has a protective and regenerating effect on the liver, reduces intoxication.

Claims (2)

1. The tool has a radioprotective effect based on plant materials, characterized in that it contains sowing flax seed, spotted milk thistle seed, oat seed, ascorbic acid, water-soluble chitosan and filler in the following ratio, wt.%:
Flaxseed, seed - 20
Milk Thistle, seed - 18
Oats, seed - 10
Ascorbic acid - 2
Chitosan water-soluble - 5
Filler - Else
2. The tool according to claim 1, characterized in that it is made in the form of a tablet weighing 0.5 g.  3. The tool according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains carboxymethyl cellulose, aerosil and polyvinylpyrrolidone as a filler.