RU2186987C1 - Device for air dedusting - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mining industry; applicable in dedusting of processes of underground coal mining. SUBSTANCE: device has dust-air ducts with sprinklers and plate moisteners of dust, impeller of axial fan, electric motor and straight-flow cyclone. Impeller is installed coaxially to electric motor shaft at inlet of straight-flow cyclone body whose side wall has longitudinal slot over generating line to tangentially communicate cyclone internal wall with vertical side wall of slime-discharging channel. Dust-air ducts are connected to trapezoidal chamber whose adjacent angles of side walls are equal. EFFECT: simplified design, higher efficiency of air washing and its cleaning from finely dispersed dust fractions. 1 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to the mining industry and can be used for dust removal of technological processes of underground coal mining.

 Domestic dust collectors of the P-14M and PSH-150 type are known (see Ischuk I.G., Pozdnyakov G.A. "Means of complex dust removal of mining enterprises." Reference book. -M .: Nedra, 1991, p. 76-81).

 In these dust collectors, centrifugal fans with a wheel speed of 2900 rpm, and direct-flow cyclones are used to capture the resulting sludge.

 The disadvantage of these dust collectors, which are accepted as analogues, is the high levels of industrial noise exceeding the established PDUs and insufficiently high dust cleaning coefficients of air, which are 0.95 and 0.99, respectively, which do not provide highly dust-free operation of modern mining and mining combines.

 For the prototype taken invention 166688, IPC E 21 F 1/00, 1/06, b. and. 29, publ. 08/07/91. A device for suppressing dust, including two receiving ducts installed inside each of them with a sprinkler and an impeller of an axial fan, which are connected by means of a cylindrical gear and a coupling with an electric motor shaft installed between the receiving ducts. The outlet parts of the intake ducts are connected to a multi-cylinder sludge trap.

 When the device is operating, dusty air enters the inlet ducts, is moistened with sprinklers and spins with an impeller in each duct, after which both swirling flows are intensively mixed with additional turbulence of the total flow and formation of sludge droplets, and then the air-sludge mixture enters the polycylinic sludge trap, where the sludge is trapped and discharged outside the device, and purified air is discharged into the atmosphere of the mine.

 The device provides a high coefficient of air purification from dust, equal to 0.99.

The disadvantage of this prototype are:
1. The use of two impellers of axial fans with cylinder-conical transmission of rotation from the motor shaft to them, which complicates the design, causes additional noise and reduces the reliability of the device;
2. The insufficient efficiency of the multi-cylindrical sludge trap, in which the sludge is 4.5-5.0%.

 The invention is aimed at simplifying the design, a significant reduction of sludge carrier with dust-free air, as well as improving the efficiency of washing the air and cleaning it from fine dust fractions.

 Figure 1 schematically shows a General view of the device; figure 2 is a section aa in figure 1; figure 3 is a section bB in figure 1.

 The device for dust removal of air consists of two receiving dust-air ducts 1 square section, inside each of which is installed sprinkler 2 and a plate dust humidifier 3.

 The dust and air ducts are connected to the trapezoidal chamber 4 in plan with the side walls 5, designed for turbulent mixing of two dust-free air streams. Between the dust and air ducts there is an electric motor 6, on the elongated shaft of which an impeller 7 of the axial fan is fixed, located at the inlet of the direct-flow cyclone 8. The cyclone body 9 has a longitudinal slot 10 made along the generatrix in the wall of the housing and communicating with the sludge outlet channel 11.

To ensure high turbulization of the dusty air mixture at the meeting point of two humidified flows in the chamber 4, the side walls 5 of it are placed at an angle of 45 ^o to the axes of the supply (receiving) dust and air ducts 1, due to which droplets of sludge and water ejected from the plate dust humidifiers 3 with a speed of 20 25 m / s, hitting the plane of the side walls, will break due to mechanical impact of drops on a rigid wall, as well as under the influence of high turbulence that occurs when two multicomponent streams cross and interpenetrate.

 The aforementioned aerohydrodynamic phenomena occurring inside the chamber 4 provide intensive turbulation at the intersection of the two flows under consideration in the space constrained by the chamber walls, sufficient for the effective wetting of fine dust fractions.

 The device operates as follows. Dusty air under the influence of the impeller 7 of the axial fan, driven by an electric motor 6, enters the receiving dust-air ducts 1, is moistened with sprinklers 2, after which it enters the plate humidifiers 3 and passes through its slotted channels, in which intensive wetting occurs due to the high turbulization that occurs in them dust particles with the formation on the walls of the plates of a slurry film, which moves together in a stream to the outlet of the humidifier, forming at the same time at the end edges of the plates drops of sludge. These droplets are disrupted by a stream moving at a speed of at least 20 m / s and are thrown onto the inner walls of the sidewalls 5 of the flow mixing chamber 4.

 Here, the mechanical destruction of droplets of sludge and water occurs upon their impact on the wall, as well as the aerodynamic spraying of crushed droplets by the mutual penetration of two mixed multicomponent flows, creating favorable conditions for wetting still wet particles of fine dust. Upon leaving the chamber 4, the mixed stream enters the zone of operation of the impeller 7 of the axial fan at the inlet of the direct-flow cyclone 8, swirls and swirls inside the body 9, creating centrifugal forces, under which droplets of sludge, water and water mist are discarded to the internal the walls of the cyclone 9 and form a sludge film on them, which, under the action of the flow, moves helically to the outlet of the cyclone 9, falling along the path into the sludge outlet 10, and is tangentially diverted through the sludge 11 beyond the limit device, and purified from dust and mist shlama air is discharged into the atmosphere excavation.

Claims (1)

 A device for dedusting air containing dusty air ducts with sprinklers, an impeller of an axial fan, an electric motor and a direct-flow cyclone, characterized in that the device is additionally equipped with plate dust humidifiers, the impeller is installed coaxially with the motor shaft at the entrance to the direct-flow cyclone body, in the side wall of which a longitudinal slit is made forming a tangentially communicating inner wall of the cyclone with a vertical side wall of the sludge outlet channel, and a dust and air duct The odes are connected to a trapezoidal chamber, in which the adjacent angles of the side walls are equal.

Images